View source for User:Donald Trung/Manchu mintmarks on Wikimedia Commons

''''This page is a collection of images of Manchu Qing Dynasty era cash coins with exclusive Manchu Mintmarks on Wikimedia Commons, I will attempt to complete the list here before adding more images to the English Wikipedia.'''

Note 📝: The fact that the Manchu characters themselves don't load on Wikimedia Commons is deliberate, as only 86 (eighty-six) people understand the Manchu language as of writing ✍🏻 this the English language place names (as over a milliard people can speak English) are more important than the Manchu ones as the images already illustrate them properly. --<small>[[User:Donald Trung|Donald Trung 『徵國單』]] ([[User talk:Donald Trung|No Fake News 💬]]) ([[Commons:WikiProject Numismatics|WikiProject Numismatics]] 💴) ([[w:nl:Gebruiker:Donald Trung/Mijn werk 🏢|Articles 📚]])</small> 22:37, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

=== Manchu mint marks ===
[[File:ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᠣᠨᠨ (Kunming, Yunnan) mint mark on a Xuān Tǒng Tōng Bǎo (宣統通寶).jpg|thumb|ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᠣᠨᠨ (Kunming, Yunnan) mint mark on a Xuān Tǒng Tōng Bǎo (宣統通寶)|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠶᠣᠨᠨ}} mint mark on a ''Xuān Tǒng Tōng Bǎo'' (宣統通寶) coin indicating that it was cast in Kunming, Yunnan.]]

Another series of bronze cash coins was introduced with [[Manchu script]] on the reverse sides of the coin from 1657, many mints contained the Manchu word {{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ}} (Boo) on the left, which is [[Manchu language|Manchu]] for "{{linktext|寶}}" (indicating "[[treasure]]" or "[[currency]]") on the obverse side of these coins. To the right of them would often appear a word indicating the issuing agency of the coin. Qing dynasty coinage with exclusive Manchu mint marks are by far the most commonly produced type. Large denomination coins of the [[Xianfeng Emperor]] bore Manchu mint marks on the left and right sides of the reverse sides, and the value of the coin on the top and bottom. Coins with exclusive Manchu inscriptions continued to be cast until the end of the Qing dynasty.<ref>F. Schjöth, Chinese Currency, [[Oslo]]w, [[Norway]], 1929</ref><ref>China Ancient Coins Collection Blog (中國古錢集藏網誌). To share my collection and what I have know related to the Chinese Ancient Coins to global coins collectors. [http://china-ancientcoin.blogspot.com/2009/05/qing-dynasty-coinage.html?m=1 Qing Dynasty Coinage(清朝錢幣).] By Learner (檢視我的完整簡介) 於於 下午1:24. Published: 2009年5月3日 星期日。 Retrieved: 02 July 2017.</ref><ref>C.L. Krause and C. Mishler, Standard Catalog of Word Coins ([[Krause Publications]]), 1979  with corrections made by Vladimir A. Belyaev (www.charm.ru) on 12 December 1997.</ref><ref>● Dai Zhiqiang 戴志強 (ed. 2008), Zhongguo qianbi shoucang jianshang quanji 中國錢幣收藏鑒賞全集 ([[Changchun]]: Jilin chuban jituan). (in [[Mandarin Chinese]])</ref><ref>Ma Long (馬隆) (2004), "Qingdai lichao zhubiju yu zhubi jianbiao 清代歷朝鑄幣局與鑄幣簡表", in Ma Feihai (馬飛海), Wang Yuxuan (王裕巽), Zou Zhiliang (鄒誌諒) (ed.), Zhongguo lidai huobi daxi 中國歷代貨幣大系, Vol. 6, Qingdai bi (清代幣) ([[Shanghai]]: Shanghai shiji chuban jituan/Shanghai jiaoyu chubanshe), pp 766–775. (in [[Mandarin Chinese]])</ref>

Manchu mint marks are:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! [[Mint mark]] !! [[Transliterations of Manchu|Möllendorff]] !! Place of minting !! [[History of the administrative divisions of China before 1912#Provinces and Protectorates under the Qing Dynasty|Province]] !! Time in operation !! Image 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ}} || Boo Ciowan || Ministry of Revenue (''hùbù'', 戶部), [[Beijing]] || [[Zhili]] || 1644–1911 || [[File:Shun Chih T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 04.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ}} || Boo Yuwan || Ministry of Works (''gōngbù'', 工部), Beijing || Zhili || 1644–1908 || [[File:Shun Chih T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 05.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠰᡳᡠᠸᠠᠨ}} || Siowan || [[Xuanhua District|Xuanfu]] || Zhili || 1644–1671 || 
|- 
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠰᠠᠨ}} || Boo San || [[Xi'an]] || [[Shaanxi]] || 1644–1908 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 04.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠯᡳᠨ}} || Lin || [[Linqing]] || [[Shandong]] || 1645–1675 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡤᡳ}} || Gi || [[Jizhou District, Hengshui|Jizhou]] || Zhili || 1645–1671<br>1854–Unknown || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 03.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡨᡠᠩ}} || Tung || [[Datong]] || [[Shanxi]] || 1645–1649<br>1656–1674 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ}} (1645–1729)<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠵᡳᠨ}} (1729–1908)|| Boo Yuwan (1645–1729)<br>Jin (1729–1908) || [[Taiyuan]] || Shanxi || 1645–1908 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 09.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠶᡡᠨ}} || Yūn || [[Miyun District|Miyun]] || Zhili || 1645–1671 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠴᠠᠩ}} (1646–1729)<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡠ}} (1729–1908) || Cang (1646–1729)<br>U (1729–1908) || [[Wuhan]] || [[Hubei]] || 1646–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡥᠣ}} || Boo Ho || [[Kaifeng]] ||[[Henan]] || 1647<br>1729–1731<br>1854–1908 || [[File:Kuang Hsu T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 03.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡶᡠᠩ}} || Boo Fung || [[Shenyang|Fengtian]] || [[Liaoning|Fengtian]] || 1647–1648<br>1880–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠴᠠᠩ}} (1647–1729)<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩ}} (1729–1908) || Boo Chang (1647–1729)<br>Giyang (1729–1908) || [[Nanchang]] || [[Jiangxi]] || 1647–1908 || [[File:Xianfeng Zhongbao. 50cash. Bao Chang.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠨᡳᠩ}} || Ning || [[Jiangning District|Jiangning]] || [[Jiangsu]] || 1648–1731 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡶᡠ}} || Boo Fu || [[Fuzhou]] || [[Fujian]] || 1649–1908 || [[File:Hsien Feng Chung Pao (20 Cash) - John Ferguson.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠵᡝ}} || Boo Je || [[Hangzhou]] || [[Zhejiang]] || 1649–1908 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 05.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡩᡠᠩ}} (1649–1729; 1887–1908)<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠵᡳ}} (1729–1887)  || Dung (1649–1729; 1887–1908)<br>Boo Ji (1729–1887)  || [[Jinan]] || [[Shandong]] || 1649–1738<br>1854–1870<br>1887–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠶᠣᠨᠨ}} || Boo Yonn || [[Kunming]] || [[Yunnan]] || 1653–1908 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 08.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠴᡠᠸᠠᠨ}} || Boo Cuwan || [[Chengdu]] || [[Sichuan]] || 1667–1908 || [[File:Hsien Feng Chung Pao (10 Cash - Szechuan Province Mint variant) - John Ferguson 02.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡤᡠᠩ}} || Gung || [[Gongchang, Gansu|Gongchang]] || [[Gansu]] || 1667–1740<br>1855–1908 || [[File:Hsien Feng T'ung Pao (1 Cash) - John Ferguson 10.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠰᡠ}} || Boo Su || [[Suzhou]] || Jiangsu || 1667–1908 || [[File:Yung Cheng T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 02.png|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠨᠠᠨ}} || Boo Nan || [[Changsha]] || [[Hunan]] || 1667–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩ}} || Boo Guwang || [[Guangzhou]] || [[Guangdong]] || 1668–1908 || [[File:Guāng Xù Tōng Bǎo (光緒通寶) scanned image.png|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡤᡠᡳ}} || Boo Gui  || [[Guilin]] || Jiangxi || 1668–1908 || [[File:Hsien Feng Chung Pao (10 Cash) - John Ferguson 02.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ}} || Boo Giyan || [[Guiyang]] || [[Guizhou]] || 1668–1908 || [[File:Yung Cheng T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 04.png|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠵᠠᠩ}} || Jang || [[Zhangzhou]] || Fujian || 1680–1682 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡨᠠᡳ}} || Boo Tai || [[Taichung|Taiwan-Fu]] || [[Taiwan under Qing rule|Taiwan]] || 1689–1740<br>1855–Unknown || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠠᠨ}} || Boo An || [[Anqing]] || [[Anhui]] || 1731–Unknown || [[File:Yung Cheng T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 03.png|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡷᡳ}} || Boo Jy || [[Baoding]] || Zhili || 1745–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode | ᠶᡝᡵᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩ}} || Yerkiyang || [[Yarkant County|Yarkant]] || [[Xinjiang under Qing rule|Xinjiang]] || 1759–1864 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao (Red Cash) - John Ferguson 01.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡠᠰᡥᡳ}} || Ushi || Uši || Xinjiang || 1766–1911 || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao (Red Cash) - John Ferguson 02.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br/>ᡳ}} || Boo I || [[Yining City|Ghulja]] || Xinjiang || 1775–1866 || [[File:1cash GaoZong Xinjiang Ili H22395 1ar85 (8633255243).jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡩᡠᠩ}} || Dung || [[Dongchuan]] || [[Yunnan]] || 1800–1908 || [[File:1cash XuanZong Dongchuan Yunnan H22638 1ar85 (8599816889).jpg|75px]]
|- 
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡬᡳ}} || Boo Gi || Unknown || Hebei (1851–1861)<br>[[Jilin]] (1861–1912) || 1851–1912 || [[File:Kuang Hsu T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 04.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡩᡝ}} || Boo De || [[Chengde|Jehol]] || Zhili || 1854–1858 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡴᠠᠰᡥᡤᠠᡵ}} || Kashgar || [[Kashgar]] || Xinjiang || 1855–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡩᡳ}} (1855–1886; 1907–1908)<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ}} (1886–1907) || Boo Di (1855–1886; 1907–1908)<br>Yuwan (1886–1907) || [[Ürümqi]] || Xinjiang || 1855–1864<br>1886–1890<br>1907–1908 || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡴᡠᠴᠠ}} || Kuca || [[Kuqa County|Kucha]] || Xinjiang || 1857–1908 || [[File:10cash DeZong SinkiangKucha H221488 1ar85 (8574539075).jpg|75px]]
|- 
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠵᡳᠶᡝᠨ}} || Boo Jiyen || [[Tianjin]] || Zhili || 1880–1908 || [[File:Kuang Hsu T'ung Pao - John Ferguson 02.jpg|75px]]
|- 
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡥᡡ}} || Hu || [[Taku Forts|Dagu]] || Zhili || 1880–1908 || 
|- 
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡠ}} || Boo U || [[Wuchang]] || Hubei || || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡤᡠᠩ}} || Boo Gung || [[Kunshan]] || Jiangsu || || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠠᡴᠰᡠ}} || Aksu || [[Aksu, Xinjiang|Aksu]] || Xinjiang || || [[File:Ch'ien Lung T'ung Pao (Red Cash) - John Ferguson 03.jpg|75px]]
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᡩᠣᠩ}} || Boo Dong || Unknown || Yunnan || || 
|-
| {{Lang-mnc|{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠵᡳᠩ}} || Boo Jing || Unknown || Hubei || || 
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}