The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 175 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 2791 Feb 11. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 4107 Apr 20. The total duration of Saros series 175 is 1316.20 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 2791 Feb 11 02:59:35 TD
Last Eclipse = 4107 Apr 20 23:06:44 TD
Duration of Saros 175 = 1316.20 Years
Saros 175 is composed of 74 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 175 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 74 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 35 | 47.3% |
| Partial | P | 14 | 18.9% |
| Total | T | 25 | 33.8% |
The 74 lunar eclipses in Saros 175 occur in the order of 14N 7P 25T 7P 21N which corresponds to:
14 Penumbral
7 Partial
25 Total
7 Partial
21 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 175 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 3458 Mar 22 Duration = 01h45m09s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 3602 Jun 18 Duration = 00h25m50s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3151 Sep 18 Duration = 03h24m53s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3728 Sep 01 Duration = 00h33m56s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 3025 Jul 03 Duration = 04h33m24s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2791 Feb 11 Duration = 00h07m24s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 175 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3151 Sep 18 Magnitude = 0.9417
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3728 Sep 01 Magnitude = 0.0201
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 175 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -36 2791 Feb 11 02:59:35 2989 9784 N a- -1.5670 0.0006 -1.0350 7.4 - -
02 -35 2809 Feb 21 11:23:26 3101 10007 N h- -1.5610 0.0123 -1.0247 32.3 - -
03 -34 2827 Mar 04 19:41:32 3216 10230 N h- -1.5510 0.0311 -1.0069 51.4 - -
04 -33 2845 Mar 15 03:52:11 3333 10453 N h- -1.5358 0.0593 -0.9793 70.9 - -
05 -32 2863 Mar 26 11:55:16 3452 10676 N h- -1.5153 0.0972 -0.9418 90.8 - -
06 -31 2881 Apr 05 19:48:04 3573 10899 N t- -1.4873 0.1486 -0.8905 112.1 - -
07 -30 2899 Apr 17 03:32:15 3696 11122 N t- -1.4532 0.2113 -0.8279 133.3 - -
08 -29 2917 Apr 28 11:05:50 3821 11345 N t- -1.4114 0.2878 -0.7514 155.0 - -
09 -28 2935 May 09 18:31:22 3948 11568 N t- -1.3637 0.3755 -0.6640 176.2 - -
10 -27 2953 May 20 01:45:10 4078 11791 N t- -1.3075 0.4788 -0.5610 197.6 - -
11 -26 2971 May 31 08:52:28 4209 12014 N t- -1.2467 0.5908 -0.4496 217.8 - -
12 -25 2989 Jun 10 15:50:11 4342 12237 N t- -1.1789 0.7155 -0.3258 237.6 - -
13 -24 3007 Jun 22 22:43:09 4478 12460 N t- -1.1076 0.8471 -0.1955 255.9 - -
14 -23 3025 Jul 03 05:28:23 4616 12683 N t- -1.0305 0.9894 -0.0548 273.4 - -
15 -22 3043 Jul 14 12:11:50 4755 12906 P t- -0.9522 1.1340 0.0877 289.1 70.7 -
16 -21 3061 Jul 24 18:51:12 4897 13129 P t- -0.8714 1.2836 0.2348 303.6 113.6 -
17 -20 3079 Aug 05 01:30:03 5041 13352 P t- -0.7903 1.4338 0.3821 316.4 142.2 -
18 -19 3097 Aug 15 08:08:00 5187 13575 P t- -0.7088 1.5852 0.5301 327.9 164.0 -
19 -18 3115 Aug 27 14:48:55 5334 13798 P t- -0.6300 1.7315 0.6728 337.7 180.9 -
20 -17 3133 Sep 06 21:32:27 5484 14021 P t- -0.5537 1.8735 0.8108 346.2 194.3 -
21 -16 3151 Sep 18 04:20:11 5637 14244 P t- -0.4813 2.0087 0.9417 353.2 204.9 -
22 -15 3169 Sep 28 11:13:37 5791 14467 T t- -0.4139 2.1345 1.0631 359.1 213.1 40.6
23 -14 3187 Oct 09 18:13:50 5947 14690 T t- -0.3524 2.2496 1.1737 363.8 219.3 65.1
24 -13 3205 Oct 20 01:21:06 6105 14913 T p- -0.2969 2.3538 1.2733 367.6 224.0 78.8
25 -12 3223 Oct 31 08:35:54 6266 15136 T- pp -0.2479 2.4460 1.3610 370.6 227.5 87.6
26 -11 3241 Nov 10 15:59:00 6428 15359 T- pp -0.2059 2.5252 1.4360 373.0 229.9 93.4
27 -10 3259 Nov 21 23:30:22 6592 15582 T- pp -0.1708 2.5915 1.4983 374.8 231.6 97.2
28 -09 3277 Dec 02 07:08:11 6759 15805 T- pp -0.1412 2.6476 1.5508 376.2 232.8 99.7
29 -08 3295 Dec 13 14:54:03 6928 16028 T- pp -0.1182 2.6915 1.5916 377.2 233.6 101.3
30 -07 3313 Dec 24 22:45:35 7098 16251 T- pp -0.0996 2.7269 1.6245 378.0 234.1 102.4
31 -06 3332 Jan 05 06:42:42 7271 16474 T- pp -0.0856 2.7534 1.6493 378.5 234.4 103.0
32 -05 3350 Jan 15 14:41:33 7446 16697 T- pp -0.0730 2.7771 1.6718 378.9 234.7 103.5
33 -04 3368 Jan 26 22:43:39 7623 16920 T- pp -0.0629 2.7959 1.6903 379.0 234.8 103.9
34 -03 3386 Feb 06 06:45:10 7802 17143 T- pp -0.0519 2.8158 1.7106 379.0 235.0 104.3
35 -02 3404 Feb 18 14:45:15 7983 17366 T- pp -0.0397 2.8375 1.7335 378.9 235.1 104.6
36 -01 3422 Feb 28 22:41:37 8166 17589 T- pp -0.0244 2.8648 1.7626 378.6 235.2 104.9
37 00 3440 Mar 11 06:33:59 8352 17812 T- pp -0.0057 2.8978 1.7983 378.1 235.2 105.1
38 01 3458 Mar 22 14:20:15 8539 18035 T+ pp 0.0183 2.8731 1.7767 377.5 235.1 105.1
39 02 3476 Apr 01 21:59:11 8728 18258 T+ pp 0.0484 2.8158 1.7231 376.5 234.7 104.7
40 03 3494 Apr 13 05:31:05 8920 18481 T+ pp 0.0846 2.7474 1.6587 375.3 234.1 103.5
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 04 3512 Apr 24 12:55:07 9113 18704 T+ pp 0.1273 2.6669 1.5826 373.7 232.8 101.1
42 05 3530 May 05 20:10:40 9309 18927 T+ pp 0.1773 2.5729 1.4932 371.5 230.8 96.9
43 06 3548 May 16 03:18:50 9506 19150 T+ pp 0.2335 2.4674 1.3922 368.7 227.8 90.1
44 07 3566 May 27 10:19:49 9706 19373 T pp 0.2960 2.3505 1.2799 365.0 223.5 79.4
45 08 3584 Jun 06 17:15:13 9908 19596 T -t 0.3636 2.2242 1.1581 360.5 217.7 62.2
46 09 3602 Jun 18 00:03:38 10112 19819 T -t 0.4372 2.0869 1.0251 354.7 209.8 25.8
47 10 3620 Jun 28 06:49:25 10318 20042 P -t 0.5134 1.9451 0.8874 347.8 199.9 -
48 11 3638 Jul 09 13:31:14 10526 20265 P -t 0.5930 1.7971 0.7430 339.6 187.2 -
49 12 3656 Jul 19 20:12:42 10736 20488 P -t 0.6736 1.6475 0.5969 330.2 171.6 -
50 13 3674 Jul 31 02:52:39 10948 20711 P -t 0.7557 1.4953 0.4476 319.3 151.8 -
51 14 3692 Aug 10 09:35:42 11162 20934 P -t 0.8359 1.3469 0.3018 307.2 127.1 -
52 15 3710 Aug 22 16:20:40 11379 21157 P -t 0.9145 1.2016 0.1585 294.0 93.8 -
53 16 3728 Sep 01 23:09:37 11597 21380 P -t 0.9905 1.0613 0.0201 279.6 33.9 -
54 17 3746 Sep 13 06:03:45 11817 21603 N -t 1.0626 0.9282 -0.1118 264.3 - -
55 18 3764 Sep 23 13:04:50 12040 21826 N -t 1.1296 0.8048 -0.2342 248.5 - -
56 19 3782 Oct 04 20:13:51 12265 22049 N -t 1.1906 0.6925 -0.3458 232.4 - -
57 20 3800 Oct 16 03:30:11 12491 22272 N -t 1.2463 0.5902 -0.4477 216.0 - -
58 21 3818 Oct 27 10:56:47 12720 22495 N -t 1.2943 0.5020 -0.5356 200.3 - -
59 22 3836 Nov 06 18:31:54 12951 22718 N -t 1.3362 0.4250 -0.6125 185.1 - -
60 23 3854 Nov 18 02:17:16 13184 22941 N -t 1.3707 0.3616 -0.6758 171.2 - -
61 24 3872 Nov 28 10:10:39 13419 23164 N -h 1.3995 0.3087 -0.7285 158.5 - -
62 25 3890 Dec 09 18:14:23 13656 23387 N -h 1.4210 0.2691 -0.7677 148.0 - -
63 26 3908 Dec 21 02:25:11 13895 23610 N -h 1.4376 0.2383 -0.7978 139.3 - -
64 27 3927 Jan 01 10:43:32 14136 23833 N -h 1.4491 0.2166 -0.8185 132.6 - -
65 28 3945 Jan 11 19:07:22 14379 24056 N -a 1.4571 0.2012 -0.8325 127.6 - -
66 29 3963 Jan 23 03:36:49 14625 24279 N -a 1.4616 0.1921 -0.8398 124.4 - -
67 30 3981 Feb 02 12:08:07 14872 24502 N -a 1.4651 0.1844 -0.8450 121.5 - -
68 31 3999 Feb 13 20:41:02 15121 24725 N -a 1.4680 0.1775 -0.8489 118.9 - -
69 32 4017 Feb 24 05:13:22 15373 24948 N -a 1.4721 0.1683 -0.8547 115.5 - -
70 33 4035 Mar 07 13:45:07 15627 25171 N -a 1.4776 0.1563 -0.8627 111.0 - -
71 34 4053 Mar 17 22:12:01 15882 25394 N -a 1.4873 0.1362 -0.8782 103.4 - -
72 35 4071 Mar 29 06:35:59 16140 25617 N -a 1.4998 0.1107 -0.8989 93.1 - -
73 36 4089 Apr 08 14:53:28 16400 25840 N -a 1.5180 0.0747 -0.9298 76.4 - -
74 37 4107 Apr 20 23:06:44 16662 26063 N -a 1.5403 0.0311 -0.9679 49.3 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
