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{{Short description|British polar explorer (1908–1999)}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2011}}
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'''Sir Vivian Ernest Fuchs''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS}} ({{IPAc-en|f|ʊ|k|s}} {{
== Biography ==
Fuchs was the son of the German immigrant Ernst Fuchs from the [[Jena]] area and of his British wife Violet Watson. He was born in 1908 in [[Freshwater, Isle of Wight]], and attended [[Brighton College]] and [[St John's College, Cambridge]]. He was educated as a geologist, and considered the profession a means of pursuing his interest in the outdoors. He was a member of the [[Sedgwick Club]], a geological society, at Cambridge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/?field=person&terms=%22Fuchs,%C2%A0++++++++Sir+Vivian+Ernest.%C2%A0(++++++++1908-1999)%C2%A0++++++++Knight+Explorer%22|title="Fuchs, Sir Vivian Ernest. ( 1908-1999) Knight Explorer" - Search - Archives Hub|website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk|access-date=2017-02-07}}</ref> His first expedition was to [[Greenland]] in 1929 with his tutor [[James Wordie]]. After graduation in 1930, he travelled with a Cambridge University expedition to study the geology of East African lakes with respect to [[Climate change (general concept)|climate fluctuation]]. Next, he joined [[anthropologist]] [[Louis Leakey]] on an expedition to [[Olduvai Gorge]]. In 1933, Fuchs married his cousin, Joyce Connell. A world traveller in her own right, Joyce accompanied Vivian on his expedition to Lake Rudolf (now [[Lake Turkana]]) in 1934. The findings from this expedition, in which two of their companions were lost,
In February 1936, his daughter Hilary was born. Fuchs organised an expedition to investigate the [[Lake Rukwa]] basin in southern [[Tanzania]] in 1937. He returned in 1938 to find that his second daughter, Rosalind, had severe cerebral palsy. Rosalind died in 1945. His son, Peter, was born in 1940.
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At the age of thirty, he enrolled in the [[Territorial Army (United Kingdom)|Territorial Army]], and was dispatched to the [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] from 1942 to July 1943. He returned home and was posted to London at Second Army headquarters in a civil affairs position. The Second Army was transferred to [[Portsmouth]] for the [[Normandy landings|D-Day]] landings, and Fuchs eventually reached Germany in time to see the release of prisoners from the [[Belsen concentration camp]]. He governed the [[Plön]] district in [[Schleswig-Holstein]] until October 1946, when he was discharged from military service with the rank of [[Major (UK)|Major]].
Fuchs was involved with the
From 1982 through 1984, Fuchs was president of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]. He became a Fellow of the [[Royal Society]] in 1974.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1098/rsbm.2001.0012|title=Sir Vivian Ernest Fuchs. 11 February 1908 - 11 November 1999: Elected F.R.S. 1974|journal=[[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]]|volume=47|pages=203|year=2001|last1=Laws|first1=R.M|doi-access=}}</ref>
His wife died in [[Oxford]] in 1990 of a heart attack, aged 83. The next year, he married [[Eleanor Honnywill]], his former personal assistant at the British Antarctic Survey, in [[Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea|Kensington and Chelsea]], London. Sir Vivian Fuchs died in [[Cambridge]]<ref>[http://www.findmypast.com/BirthsMarriagesDeaths.jsp Deaths and Marriages England and Wales 1984–2006]</ref> on 11 November 1999, aged 91.▼
==Family==
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In 1933, he had married his cousin Joyce Connell, who had accompanied him on several expeditions. They had three children: Hilary (1936-2002) Rosalind (1938–1945), and Peter (born 1940). Joyce, Lady Fuchs, died on 27 April 1990 in [[Oxford]], of a heart attack, aged 83.
▲
==Death==
Sir Vivian Fuchs died in [[Cambridge]]<ref>[http://www.findmypast.com/BirthsMarriagesDeaths.jsp Deaths and Marriages England and Wales 1984–2006]</ref> on 11 November 1999, aged 91.
==The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition==
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In 1958, he was knighted by [[Queen Elizabeth II]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=41388 |date=16 May 1958 |page=3090}}</ref> He co-wrote, with Sir [[Edmund Hillary]], ''The Crossing of Antarctica''.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Fuchs |first1=Vivian |author-link1=Vivian Fuchs | last2=Hillary | first2=Edmund | author-link2=Edmund Hillary |date=1958 |title=The Crossing of Antarctica |location=London | publisher=Cassell & Company|oclc = 963764022}}</ref> In 1959 he was awarded the [[Hans Egede Medal]] by the [[Royal Danish Geographical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tidsskrift.dk/index.php/geografisktidsskrift/article/view/4567/8563 |title=(in Danish) |access-date=9 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210042432/https://tidsskrift.dk/index.php/geografisktidsskrift/article/view/4567/8563 |archive-date=10 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==
* The [[Fuchs Medal]] was created in 1973 for "''outstanding devotion to the British Antarctic Survey's interests, beyond the call of normal duty, by men or women who are or were members of the Survey, or closely connected with its work.''" It is awarded to one or two people per year.▼
▲The Fuchs Medal was created in 1973 for "''outstanding devotion to the British Antarctic Survey's interests, beyond the call of normal duty, by men or women who are or were members of the Survey, or closely connected with its work.''"
* [[Fuchs Dome]] in the [[Shackleton Range]], Antarctica.
* [[Fuchs Ice Piedmont]] on [[Adelaide Island]], Antarctica.
== References ==
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