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{{Short description|River in Turkey}}
{{About|the river in Turkey|the British warship|HMS Pactolus|the Pacific reef|Pactolus Bank}}
[[File:Πακτωλός.jpg|300px|thumb|Pactolus river]]▼
'''Pactolus''' ({{lang-el|Πακτωλός}}), also called '''Chrysorrhoas''' (Χρυσορρόας), now named '''Sart Çayı''', is a river near the Aegean coast of [[Turkey]]. The river rises from [[
The Pactolus once contained [[electrum]] that was the basis of the economy of the ancient state of [[Lydia]], which used the naturally occurring alloy of gold and silver to forge the [[History of coins|first coins]] under [[Alyattes|Alyattes of Lydia]].
==Name==
▲[[File:Πακτωλός.jpg|thumb|Pactolus river]]
[[Pseudo-Plutarch]] in the [[De fluviis]] write that the river was initially called Chrysorrhoas (Χρυσορρόας; meaning "streaming with gold") because according to the legend, Chrysorrhoas (the son of [[Apollo]]) threw himself into the river.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dpactolus-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Pactolus]</ref><ref name="De fluviis">[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0400:chapter=7 Pseudo-Plutarch, De fluviis, 7]</ref>
▲'''Pactolus''' ({{lang-el|Πακτωλός}}, now named Sart Çayı is a river near the Aegean coast of [[Turkey]]. The river rises from [[Tmolus|Mount Tmolus]], flows through the ruins of the ancient city of [[Sardis]], and empties into the [[Gediz River]], the ancient [[Hermus]]. The Pactolus once contained [[electrum]] that was the basis of the economy of the ancient state of [[Lydia]].
Later it was called Pactolus, from Pactolus, the son of [[Leucothea]], who during a festival of [[Aphrodite]] failed to recognize his own sister, [[Demodice]], and ravished her. Upon realizing what he had done, overwhelmed with grief, he threw himself into the river. Because of this the name of the river changed from Chrysorrhoas to Pactolus.<ref name="De fluviis"/>
==Legend==
As a [[Potamoi|river-god]], Pactolus was said to be the brother of another river [[Hydaspes (mythology)|Hydaspes]],<ref>[[Nonnus]], [https://topostext.org/work/529#24.49 24.52]</ref> and thus, offspring of the [[Titans]] [[Oceanus]] and [[Tethys (mythology)|Tethys]].<ref>Nonnus, [https://topostext.org/work/529#23.77 23.99]</ref> He was the father of [[Euryanassa]], one of the possible mothers of [[Tantalus]]’ children.<ref>[[Tzetzes]] ad [[Lycophron]], [https://topostext.org/work/860#52 52]; [[Scholia]] ad [[Euripides]], ''[[Orestes (play)|Orestes]]'' [https://archive.org/details/scholiaineuripi00schwgoog/page/n128/mode/1up?view=theater 4] & [https://archive.org/details/scholiaineuripi00schwgoog/page/96/mode/1up?view=theater 11]</ref>
According to legend, King [[Midas]] divested himself of the golden touch by washing himself in the river.<ref>Ovid, ''Met.'' XI.140-144.</ref> The historian [[Herodotus]] claimed that the gold contained in the sediments carried by the river was the source of the wealth of King [[Croesus]] (Karun).▼
▲The only myth where Pactolus was an active participant is recounted in [[Nonnus|Nonnus’]] ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' detailing the young god, [[Dionysus]], in his [[History of India|Indian]] campaign.According to legend, King [[Midas]] divested himself of the golden touch by washing himself in the river.<ref>Ovid, ''Met.'' XI.140-144.</ref>
In [[Sophocles]]' [[Philoctetes (Sophocles play)|Philoctetes]], the chorus recognizes [[Gaia]] as ruler of the "golden stream Pactolus."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sophocles |title=Philoctetes |url=http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0011.tlg006.perseus-grc1:391-402}}</ref>
==Propertius 1.6==
The river is mentioned in Sextus Propertius' Elegy 1.6.
"at tu seu mollis qua tendit Ionia, seu qua
Lydia Pactoli tingit arata liquor..."
("But wherever either soft Ionia extends, or wherever the water of the Pactulus stains the Lydian fields...") <ref>Propertius, Elegies I.XI 31-32.</ref>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|38.52327|N|28.042774|E|source:frwiki_region:TR_type:landmark|format=dms|display=title}}▼
▲{{coord|38.52327|N|28.042774|E|source:frwiki_region:TR_type:landmark|format=dms|display=title}}
[[Category:Rivers of Turkey]]
[[Category:Landforms of Manisa Province]]
[[Category:Water and religion]]
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