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{{Use British English|date=September 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox UK place
|country = Scotland
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}}
'''Prestonpans''' ({{IPAc-en|p|r|ɛ|s|t|ən|ˈ|p|æ|n|z}} {{lang-gd| Baile an t-Sagairt}}, [[Scots language|Scots]]: ''The Pans'') is a small mining town, situated approximately eight miles east of [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]], in the [[
==History==
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[[File:Prestonpans Town Hall (geograph 3516238).jpg|thumb|left|[[Prestonpans Town Hall]]]]
===Foundation===
According to legend Prestonpans was founded in the 11th century by a traveller named Althamer, who became shipwrecked on the local beach/coastal area. Finding it impossible to get home, the survivors of the wreck decided to remain where they were and founded a settlement named "Althamer" in honour of their leader.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://
One of the first post-Reformation churches was built in Prestonpans in 1596, for and at the expense of the new minister, [[John Davidson (reformer)|John Davidson]].<ref>Buildings of Scotland: Lothian, by Colin McWilliam</ref> The church was greatly re-modelled in 1774. Ten years after the original building of the new church, Prestonpans became a Parish in its own right, having previously formed part of the Parish of Tranent.{{sfn|Scott|1915|p=387}} [[Prestonpans Town Hall]] was completed in 1897.<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB43945|desc= High Street, Town Hall |access-date=3 November 2021}}</ref>
[[File:Prestonpans War Memorial statue.JPG|thumb|War Memorial statue by Birnie Rhind (1921)]]
A war memorial, which commemorates the lives of local service personnel who died in the [[First World War]], [[Second World War]] and the [[Spanish Civil War]], stands near the town centre but is slightly obscured by the flanking buildings. It takes the form of a Scottish soldier in a [[Tam o' shanter (cap)|Tam o' Shanter]] bonnet and greatcoat sculpted by [[William Birnie Rhind]] in 1921.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/heritage-and-retro/heritage/stunning-new-look-proposed-for-historic-prestonpans-war-memorial-3206450|title=Stunning new look proposed for historic Prestonpans War Memorial|date=19 April 2021|newspaper=The Scotsman|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>
===Industry===
Salt panning was a very important industry in the early history of Prestonpans. By the beginning of the fifteenth century there were 10 salt works belonging to the town capable of producing between 800 and 900 [[bushels]] of salt per week. However, Prestonpans was not a one-industry town, and many other industries flourished in Prestonpans and contributed towards the town's growth. The discovery and mining of coal by the Newbattle monks in the early thirteenth century was arguably the first instance of coal mining in Britain. The mining of coal in Prestonpans began in the year 1210, and continued for centuries.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://
Prestonpans at one point, had many [[breweries]], all of which have now closed. The oldest brewery in Prestonpans belonged to the Fowler family and was built in 1720. The Fowlers obtained it in 1774 and it was in production into the 20th century.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://
The town was served, for several hundred years, by the harbour at nearby [[Prestongrange]], known as [[Morrison's Haven]] or "Acheson's Haven". Fishing boats sailed from the harbour and herring was the most important catch. The harvesting of oysters was a lucrative industry up to the early twentieth century.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://
===Battle of Prestonpans===
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In 2008 the Trust commissioned Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division ("GUARD") to undertake a comprehensive survey, followed by selective excavation, of the battlefield.<ref name=pollard2008>{{cite web|url=http://www.prestoungrange.org/heritagetrust/html/documents/PrestonpansPD_revised_.pdf|title=Prestonpans battlefield archaeological project|last=Pollard|first=Tony|author-link=Tony Pollard (archaeologist)|author2=Ferguson, Natasha|year=2008|publisher=Centre for Battlefield Archaeology, University of Glasgow|access-date=13 June 2010}}</ref> Although the site of the main battlefield is readily located today, fixed by such surviving features as the tramway embankment, interim findings announced in April 2010 indicate that the true site of the Highlanders' charge, based on concentrations of musket balls and other evidence, is 500 yards to the east of the accepted location ({{Coord|55.964|-2.947|display=inline|format=dms}}).<ref name="Pollard2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.what2doineh32.info/heritagetrust/html/documents/2815finalreport_26Jan10_.pdf|title=Prestonpans Battlefield Project Report|last=Pollard|first=Tony|author2=Ferguson, Natasha|date=26 February 2010|publisher=Glasgow University Archaeological Division|access-date=13 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.scotsman.com/edinburgh/Charge-of-the-right-brigade.6241186.jp|title=Charge of the right brigade: true site of Battle of Prestonpans found|last=MacLeod|first=Fiona|date=21 April 2010|work=The Scotsman |location=UK|access-date=13 June 2010}}</ref> The battlefield has been [[Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland|inventoried]] and protected by [[Historic Scotland]] under the Scottish Historical Environment Policy of 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/index/heritage/battlefields/battlefieldsunderconsideration.htm |title= Inventory battlefields|publisher=Historic Scotland | access-date=12 April 2012}}</ref>
Controversy arose after it became clear that battlefields lack legal protections:<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theherald.co.uk/news/news/display.var.2231750.0.First_skirmishes_in_campaign_to_protect_Scotlands_battlefields.php |publisher= The Herald|date=29 April 2008|title=Historic Scotland trying to protect Scotland's battlefields|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080516091646/http://www.theherald.co.uk/news/news/display.var.2231750.0.First_skirmishes_in_campaign_to_protect_Scotlands_battlefields.php|access-date=1 November 2022|archive-date= 16 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.today/20101021044227/http://143.252.148.161/tol/news/article3842875.ece |title=Historic battlefields in
[[File:Battle of Prestonpans viewpoint 2017-05-28.jpg|thumbnail|Viewpoint at Meadowmill]]
The battlefield benefits from a pyramidal viewpoint sculpted from an old coal bing at Meadowmill, atop which flies Prince Charlie's battle flag to mark where a series of interpretation boards can be found. There are a further seven information panels around the battlefield, regular guided walks and commemorative events. With support from ''Bord na Gaidhlig'' road and walkway signage now includes the Gaelic which was spoken by the majority of Highlanders at the battle. The Doocot at Bankton House now acts as an interpretation site for the life of Colonel Gardiner.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.battleofprestonpans1745.org/visit/places-to-visit/bankton-doocot/|title=Bankton Doocot|publisher=The Battle of Prestonpans (1945) Heritage Trust|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>
===Prestonpans Tapestry===
The [[Prestonpans Tapestry]] was unveiled on 26 July 2010. With 105 panels (each 1m long), it is about 100 ft (30m) longer than its inspiration, the [[Bayeux Tapestry]]. Inspired by Gordon Baron Prestoungrange, designed by local artist [[Andrew Crummy]], and executed by over 200 volunteer embroiderers, the tapestry has already toured Scotland, England and France. Venues included the [[Scottish Parliament]], the [[Scottish Storytelling Centre]], [[Cockenzie power station]] and countless locations from Eriskay along the route The Prince took prior to the battle. In Autumn 2013, the Tapestry was a Guest Exhibit alongside the Bayeux Tapestry itself, in Normandy, and subsequently at Pornichet/ St Nazaire from whence the Prince embarked to begin his campaign in 1745.<ref>"The Scotsman", 7 July 2010, "Creators at great lengths to find a place for giant tapestry").</ref><ref>
=== Witch trials ===
[[File:Prestonpans witch trial memorial.jpg|thumb|Memorial statue to 81 women executed for witchcraft in Prestonpans. Their innocence was publicly declared in 2004.]]
Prestonpans was one of the worst affected areas during the [[witch trials in early modern Scotland]] with as many as 81 women accused of witchcraft executed at the end of the 16th Century.<ref name=":0">Allan, Annemarie (2005) 81 Witches of Prestonpans, Prestoungrange University Press https://www.prestoungrange.org/core-files/archive/university_press/21_witches/bodytext_witch.pdf</ref> In 2004, the Barons Courts of [[Prestongrange|Prestoungrange]] and Dolphinstoun granted an Absolute Pardon to the accused women who are remembered annually on 31st October.<ref name=":0" /> A memorial statue was erected in the town in their memory.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2022-03-06 |title=Witches' Memorials in Scotland |url=https://forwomen.scot/06/03/2022/witches-memorials-in-scotland/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=For Women Scotland |language=en-GB}}</ref>
==Education==
The town has two primary schools, Preston Tower Primary School and St, Gabriels and the [[comprehensive education|comprehensive]] [[Preston Lodge High School]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eastlothian.gov.uk/directory_record/253800/preston_lodge_high_school|title= Preston Lodge High School|publisher=East Lothian Council|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>
==Transport==
In 2006, Prestonpans and the neighbouring towns of [[Cockenzie]], [[Port Seton]] and [[Longniddry]] were twinned with the town of [[Barga, Tuscany]], Italy.<ref>[http://www.battleofprestonpans1745.org/prestonpans/html/barga/ Prestonpans: Battles of the '45]</ref>▼
[[Prestonpans railway station]] is on the [[Edinburgh]] – [[North Berwick]] line.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scotrail.co.uk/plan-your-journey/stations-and-facilities/pst|title=Prestonpans|publisher=Scotrail|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>
==Sport==
The local non-league [[association football|football]] team [[Preston Athletic F.C.|Preston Athletic]] plays its home games at the [[Pennypit Park]] in the town, as does the local rugby team [[Preston Lodge RFC]].<ref>[http://www.worldstadia.com/stadium/scotland/pennypit_park/15235.php Details for Pennypit Park, Prestonpans] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724030639/http://www.worldstadia.com/stadium/scotland/pennypit_park/15235.php |date=2012-07-24 }}, ''worldstadia.com''. Retrieved 2013-08-11.</ref> Prestonpans is also home to the [[Royal Musselburgh Golf Club]].<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland | num = LB17537 | desc = Prestongrange House Royal Musselburgh Golf Club | accessdate = 31 March 2020 }}</ref>
==Twinning==
▲In 2006, Prestonpans and the neighbouring towns of [[Cockenzie]], [[Port Seton]] and [[Longniddry]] were twinned with the town of [[Barga, Tuscany]], Italy.<ref>
==Notable residents==
*[[Adam Abell]], 16th-century friar and chronicler, author of ''The Roit or Quheil of Tyme''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B1IqAQAAMAAJ|title=Anglia: Zeitschrift für Englische Philologie|year=1974|page=387|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|issn=0340-5222}}</ref>
*[[Thomas Alexander (military surgeon)|Thomas Alexander]], military surgeon in the [[Crimean War]]<ref>{{cite book | url = https://archive.org/stream/prestonpansandv00mcnegoog/prestonpansandv00mcnegoog_djvu.txt | title = Prestonpans and Vicinity: Historical, Ecclesiastical and Traditional | year = 1902 | author = Peter McNeill | publisher = John Menzies & Co Ltd, Edinburgh and Glasgow | chapter = IX Distinguished Physicians, Scholars etc.|page=80}}</ref>
* [[John Davidson (reformer)|John Davidson]], reformer who set up the church and the school{{sfn|Rogers|1874b|loc=[https://archive.org/details/TransactionsOfTheRoyalHistoricalSociety1874VolIII1stSeries/page/n233/mode/2up pp213-215]}}
*[[Robert Dick (salt-grieve)|Robert Dick]], inspector of salt works and prisoner on the Bass Rock.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oyNWzvdOVZMC&pg=PA417|title=The History of the State and Sufferings of the Church of Scotland, from the Restoration to the Revolution|first= William |last=Crookshank|year= 1751|page=417|publisher=Andrew Stevenson}}</ref>
*[[John Fian]], a purported sorcerer executed in 1591.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wm5vEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA20|title=Witchcraft in Early Modern Scotland: James VI's Demonology and the North Berwick Witches|first1= Lawrence|last1= Normand|first2=Gareth|last2= Roberts|year=2022|page=20|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-1802079302}}</ref>
*[[Allan Jacobsen (rugby union)|Allan Jacobsen]], rugby union player.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.eastlothiancourier.com/sport/13558931.end-of-an-era-for-icon-chunk/|title=End of an era for icon Chunk|date=25 April 2013|publisher=East Lothian Courier|access-date=2 November 2022}}</ref>
*[[Bill Joyce]], Former West Ham United, Tottenham Hotspur and Bolton Wanderers footballer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=368&united=William_Joyce|title=William Joyve|publisher=West Ham Statistics| access-date=2 November 2022}}</ref>
*[[James Mylne (poet)|James Mylne]], poet, was Laird of Lochill, a small estate near Prestonpans, Haddingtonshire.d. 1788<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/modictionaryofna14step/page/3/mode/1up|title = Dictionary of national biography|year = 1908|volume=14|page=3|publisher=Smith, Elder & Co.|first=Sidney|last=Lee}}</ref>▼
*[[Andrew McDowall, Lord Bankton]], judge
*[[David Mitton]], British television director, producer and technician.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/thomas-the-tank-engine-director-david-mitton-856110.html |title='Thomas the Tank Engine' director: David Mitton |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=28 June 2008 |accessdate=27 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725184620/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/thomas-the-tank-engine-director-david-mitton-856110.html |archivedate=25 July 2010 }}</ref>
▲*[[James Mylne (poet)|James Mylne]],<!-- {{Q|18671626}} --> poet, was Laird of Lochill, a small estate near Prestonpans, Haddingtonshire. d. 1788<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/modictionaryofna14step/page/3/mode/1up|title = Dictionary of national biography|year = 1908|volume=14|page=3|publisher=Smith, Elder & Co.|first=Sidney|last=Lee}}</ref>
*[[Josh Taylor (boxer)|Josh Taylor]], professional boxer, notably the first man from the United Kingdom to become an [[Undisputed championship (boxing)|undisputed world champion]] in the four-belt era.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Taylor defeats Ramirez to unify division|language=en-GB|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/boxing/57216305|access-date=2021-05-23}}</ref>▼
*[[Tam Paton]], Thomas Dougal "Tam" Paton was a pop group manager, most notably of the boy band the Bay City Rollers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/10/tam-paton-obituary|title=Obituary: Tam Paton|first=Adam|last=Sweeting|date=9 April 2009|via=www.theguardian.com|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=22 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422134923/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/10/tam-paton-obituary|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Martin Whitfield]], former schoolteacher at Prestonpans Primary School, and the [[Scottish Labour Party|Labour]] Member of Parliament (MP) for [[East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency)|East Lothian]] ([[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017]]–[[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019]]).▼
*[[Same Shaw]], recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vconline.org.uk/same-john-shaw-vc/4588198916.html|title=Samuel Shaw|publisher=VC Online| access-date=2 November 2022}}</ref>
▲*[[Josh Taylor (boxer)|Josh Taylor]], professional boxer, notably the first man from the United Kingdom to become an [[Undisputed championship (boxing)|undisputed world champion]] in the four-belt era.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.eastlothiancourier.com/news/19328327.heros-welcome-josh-taylor-boxer-arrives-home-prestonpans/|title=Hero's welcome for Josh Taylor
▲*[[Martin Whitfield]], former schoolteacher at Prestonpans Primary School, and the [[Scottish Labour Party|Labour]] Member of Parliament (MP) for [[East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency)|East Lothian]] ([[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017]]–[[2019 United Kingdom general election|2019]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.eastlothiancourier.com/election-twentyone/19275355.statement-east-lothian-constituency-labour-candidate-martin-whitfield-scottish-parliament-election-2021/|title=Statement from East Lothian constituency Labour candidate Martin Whitfield for the Scottish Parliament Election 2021|date=3 May 2021 |publisher=East Lothian Courier|access-date=2 November 2022}}</ref>
==See also==
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==External links==
{{Commonscatinline}}
*[http://www.prestongrange.org/ Prestongrange Industrial Heritage Museum] – A local museum offering tours
{{East Lothian Towns & Villages}}
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[[Category:Mining communities in Scotland]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Scotland]]
[[Category:Parishes in East Lothian]]
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