S Apodis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Variable star in the constellation Apus}}
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| name = [[Variable star designation|S Apodis ]]
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| mass = 0.6 -or 1<ref name = Kilkenny1983/>
| radius = 132{{±|9}}<ref name = Kervella2004/>
| luminosity = 960<ref name =Mcdonald McDonald2012/>
| temperature = 4,500 - 5,115<ref name = Bergeat2001/>
| metal_fe =
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'''S Apodis''' (, also known as '''HD 133444''') is ana [[R Coronae Borealisvariable variablestar]] star located in the far southern [[circumpolar constellation]] [[Apus]]. It Thesehas arean extremely[[apparent hydrogen-deficientmagnitude]] supergiantsranging thoughtfrom 9.6 to have17,<ref arisenname as= theSamus2017/> resultwhich ofis below the mergerlimit offor two[[naked whiteeye]] dwarfs;visibility. fewerThe thanobject 100is havelocated beenrelatively discoveredfar asat ofa 2013.<refdistance nameof =approximately Tisserand2013/> Located around 1315,000 [[light-years distant,year]]s itbased shineson with[[Gaia aDR3]] [[luminosityparallax]] approximatelymeasurements,<ref 960name times= thatGaiaDR3/> ofbut theit Sunis anddrifting hascloser with a surfaceheliocentric temperature[[radial velocity]] of 3916 K{{val|−75|ul=km/s}}.<ref name =Mcdonald Skuljian1999/>
 
HD 133444 has been known to be a variable star since 1896.<ref name = Pickering1896/> However, its nature as a [[carbon star]] was not observed until 1967 by astronomer [[Brian Warner (astronomer)|Brian Warner]].<ref name = Warner1967/> In 1973, HD 133444 was listed as a [[R Coronae Borealis variable]]. <ref name = Feast1973/> These are extremely hydrogen-deficient supergiants thought to have arisen as the result of the merger of two white dwarfs<ref name = Zhang2012/> and fewer than 100 have been discovered as of 2013.<ref name = Tisserand2013/> A decade later, S Apodis was observed to have a change it its pulsation mode.<ref name = Kilkenny1983/>
 
S Apodis has a [[stellar classification]] of R3, indicating that it is a R-type [[carbon star]]. It has a mass of either {{solar mass|0.6|link=y}} or {{solar mass|1}},<ref name = Kilkenny1983/> depending on the model. However, it has expanded to an average [[radius]] 132 times that of the [[Sun]].<ref name = Kervella2004/> It radiates 960 times the [[luminosity of the Sun]]<ref name = McDonald2012/> from its [[photosphere]] at an [[effective temperature]] of {{val|4500|-|5115|fmt=commas|ul=K}},<ref name = Bergeat2001/> giving it an orange hue. An [[infrared excess]] has been detected around the star, indicating the presence of circumstellar dust. The dust has a [[temperature]] of 730 K.<ref name = García-Hernández2013/>
 
==References==
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<ref name="aavso">{{cite web |title=Download Data |url=https://www.aavso.org/data-download |website=aavso.org |publisher=AAVSO |access-date=1 October 2021}}</ref>
 
<ref name =Mcdonald McDonald2012>{{cite journal |author last1 = McDonald, | first1 = I. |author2 last2 = Zijlstra, | first2 = A. A. |author3 last3 = Boyer, | first3 = M. L. |date=2012| title = Fundamental Parametersparameters and Infraredinfrared Excessesexcesses of ''Hipparcos'' stars: Parameters and IR excesses from ''Hipparcos'' Stars| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 21 November 2012 | volume = 427 | issue = 1 | pages=343–57|bibcode=2012MNRAS.427..343M|arxiv = 1208.2037343–357 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x | eissn = 1365-2966 | issn = 0035-8711 | bibcode = 2012MNRAS.427..343M | arxiv = 1208.2037 | s2cid = 118665352 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Samus2017>{{cite journal | last1 = Samus’ | first1 = N. N. | last2 = Kazarovets | first2 = E. V. | last3 = Durlevich | first3 = O. V. | last4 = Kireeva | first4 = N. N. | last5 = Pastukhova | first5 = E. N. | title = General catalogue of variable stars: Version GCVS 5.1 | journal = Astronomy Reports | date = January 2017 | volume = 61 | issue = 1 | pages = 80–88 | issn = 1063-7729 | eissn = 1562-6881 | doi = 10.1134/S1063772917010085 | bibcode = 2017ARep...61...80S| s2cid = 125853869 }}</ref>
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<ref name = Skuljian1999>{{cite journal | last1 = Skuljan | first1 = L. | last2 = Cottrell | first2 = P. L. | title = Spectroscopic and photometric observations of the R Coronae Borealis stars S Apodis and RZ Normae throughout their recent declines | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 11 January 1999 | volume = 302 | issue = 2 | pages = 341–348 | issn = 0035-8711 | eissn = 1365-2966 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02123.x | bibcode = 1999MNRAS.302..341S | s2cid = 120220227 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Ducati2002>{{cite journal | last1 = Ducati | first1 = J. R. | title = VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system. | journal = VizieR Online Data Catalog | date = 2002 | volume = 2237 | bibcode = 2002yCat.2237....0D}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Bergeat2002>{{cite journal | last1 = Bergeat | first1 = J. | last2 = Knapik | first2 = A. | last3 = Rutily | first3 = B. | title = Carbon-rich giants in the HR diagram and their luminosity function | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = August 2002 | volume = 390 | issue = 3 | pages = 967–986 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20020525 | s2cid = 122775604 | bibcode = 2002A&A...390..967B | doi-access = free}}</ref>
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<ref name = Szczerba2007>{{cite journal | last1 = Szczerba | first1 = R. | last2 = Siódmiak | first2 = N. | last3 = Stasińska | first3 = G. | last4 = Borkowski | first4 = J. | title = An evolutionary catalogue of galactic post-AGB and related objects | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = 29 March 2007 | volume = 469 | issue = 2 | pages = 799–806 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20067035 | s2cid = 16505186| bibcode = 2007A&A...469..799S | arxiv = astro-ph/0703717 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Cannon1920>{{cite journal | bibcode = 1920AnHar..95....1C | title = The Henry Draper catalogue : 12h, 13h, and 14h | last1 = Cannon | first1 = Annie Jump | last2 = Pickering | first2 = Edward Charles | journal = Annals of Harvard College Observatory | year = 1920 | volume = 95 | page = 1}}</ref>
 
<ref name = SIMBAD>{{cite simbad|title = S Apodis|access-date = February 25, 2023}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Warner1967>{{cite journal | last1 = Warner | first1 = B. | title = The Hydrogen-Deficient Carbon Stars | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 1 October 1967 | volume = 137 | issue = 2 | pages = 119–139 | issn = 0035-8711 | eissn = 1365-2966 | s2cid = 121153173 | doi = 10.1093/mnras/137.2.119 | bibcode = 1967MNRAS.137..119W | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Pickering1896>{{cite journal | last1 = Pickering | first1 = E. C. | last2 = Fleming | first2 = W. P. | title = Harvard College Observatory, circular no. 6. New variable stars. | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = April 1896 | volume = 3 | page = 296 | issn = 0004-637X | eissn = 1538-4357 | doi = 10.1086/140219 | bibcode = 1896ApJ.....3..296P | s2cid = 121212070 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Feast1973>{{cite journal | last1 = Feast | first1 = M. W. | last2 = Glass | first2 = I. S. | title = Infra-red Photometry of R Coronae Borealis Type Variables and Related Objects | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 1 March 1973 | volume = 161 | issue = 3 | pages = 293–303 | issn = 0035-8711 | eissn = 1365-2966 | doi = 10.1093/mnras/161.3.293 | bibcode = 1973MNRAS.161..293F | s2cid = 120889102 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = García-Hernández2013>{{cite journal | last1 = García-Hernández | first1 = D. A. | last2 = Rao | first2 = N. Kameswara | last3 = Lambert | first3 = D. L. | title = Dust Around R Coronae Borealis Stars. II. Infrared Emission Features in an H-poor Environment | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = 31 July 2013 | volume = 773 | issue = 2 | page = 107 | issn = 0004-637X | eissn = 1538-4357 | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/773/2/107 | bibcode = 2013ApJ...773..107G | arxiv = 1307.0294 | s2cid = 119243395 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
<ref name = Zhang2012>{{cite journal | last1 = Zhang | first1 = Xianfei | last2 = Jeffery | first2 = C. Simon | title = Can R Coronae Borealis stars form from the merger of two helium white dwarfs? | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters | date = 7 September 2012 | volume = 426 | issue = 1 | pages = L81–L85 | issn = 1745-3925 | doi = 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2012.01330.x | bibcode = 2012MNRAS.426L..81Z | arxiv = 1208.3907 | s2cid = 118613556 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
 
}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:S Apodis}}
[[Category:Apus (constellation)]]
[[Category:R Coronae Borealis variables]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|133444]]
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[[Category:Durchmusterung objects]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|074179]]
[[Category:2MASS objects|15092452-7203451]]
 
{{var-star-stub}}