Clan Grant: Difference between revisions

| image badge = Clan member crest badge - Clan Grant.svg

| clan name = Clan Grant (Clann Grannd)

| chiefs motto = Stand Fast, Stand Sure<ref name="ScotClans">[http://www.scotclans.com/scottish-clans/clan-grant/ Clan Grant Profile] scotclans.com. Retrieved 2 May 2014.</ref>

| chiefs slogan = "Stand[[Craigellachie National FastNature Reserve|Craig Elachie]]!"

| district = [[Strathspey, Scotland|Strathspey]],<ref name="ScotClans"/> [[Glen Urquhart]],<ref name="ScotClans"/> [[Glenmoriston]]<ref name="ScotClans"/> and [[Loch Ness]].<ref name="ScotClans"/>

| gaelic names =Clann Chiarain, Clann Ailein, Clann Phàdraig, Clann Phàdraig, Sliochd an AmairGrannd<ref name="m1">{{cite web |author=Mac an Tàilleir, Iain |title=Ainmean Pearsanta|url=http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/cuspair/Ainmean_pearsanta.docx |work=[[Sabhal Mòr Ostaig]] |access-date=15 October 2009 |format=[[docx]]}}</ref>

| image arms = ArmsCoat of thearms of Baronlord Strathspeystrathspey.svg

| plant badge = Pine<ref name="ScotClans"/>

| chiefs nametitle = The Rt. Hon. Sir James Grant7th of[[Baron thatStrathspey|Lord IlkStrathspey]]

| chiefs gaelic title =The 6th [[Baron Strathspey|Lord Strathspey]]

'''Clan Grant''' is a [[Scottish Highlands|Highland]] [[Scottish clan]], with one main branch, Grant of Grant, and several cadet branches, such as [[Grant of Glenmoriston]].

OneThe theoryChiefs isof thatClan theGrant ancestorsdescended offrom [[Normans]] who arrived in Scotland during the chiefsmedieval ofperiod, Clanbearing Grantthe cameFrench toname Scotland''le withGrand'' ('the [[Normans]]tall', to'large').<ref>{{Cite Englandbook where|last=Lord Cassilis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fxAaAAAAIAAJ&q=the+rulers+of+strathspey+book name|title=The isRulers foundof soonStrathspey: afterA History of the conquestLairds of thatGrant countryand Earls of Seafield |date=1911 |publisher=Northern counties newspaper and printing and publishing Company, limited |location=Inverness |pages=1–2 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Grant:0">{{citeCite book |last1last=WayLord Strathspey |first1url=Georgehttps://books.google.com/books?id=psYZAAAAYAAJ |title=A History of PleanClan Grant |last2date=Squire1983 |first2publisher=RomillyPhillimore of|isbn=978-0-85033-442-5 Rubislaw|pages=8 |author-link2language=Romillyen}}</ref><ref Squirename="Clan.Encyclopedia.Grant">{{cite ofbook Rubislaw|last1=Way |author-link1first1=George Way of Plean |year=1994 |title=Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia |locationlast2=[[Glasgow]]Squire |first2=Romilly of Rubislaw |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] (for the [[Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs]]) |year=1994 |isbn=0-00-470547-5 |location=[[Glasgow]] |pages=150–151 |author-link1=George Way of Plean |author-link2=Romilly Squire of Rubislaw}}</ref> althoughThe somefirst historiansGrants haveto assertedappear thatin theScotland Grantsare wererecorded part ofin the [[Siol13th Alpin]]century groupwhen ofthey familiesacquired whothe descendlands fromof [[Alpín mac Echdach|AlpinStratherrick]]. Sir Laurence le Grant, fatherson of [[KennethGregory MacAlpin]]le Grant, firstwas kingSheriff of Scots[[Inverness]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Grant" /> The oral history of the clan and later recorded in writing for the clan chiefs instead recounts an origin from Norway before coming to the lands in Strathspey with Malcolm III <ref>{{Cite webbook |titlelast=TheEyre-Todd Monymusk|first=George Text|url=https://wwwbooks.clangrantgoogle.orgcom/index.aspxbooks?pidid=14iWkZAAAAIAAJ |title=The Highland Clans of Scotland: Their History and Traditions |access-date=2021-11-231923 |websitepublisher=www.clangrant.orgHeath, Cranton Limited |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref>

The next available reference is of Duncan le Grant in 1434, and later, Sir Duncan Grant of Freuchie (Castle Grant), who inherited land in [[River Dulnain|Dulnain]] valley in upper Speyside from his mother, Matilda of Glencarnie. Her family had partially owned it since 1180, when [[Richard I of England]] {{citation needed|date=Septemberthe 2012}}Crown gave Kinveachy (approximately ten miles southwest of Castle Grant) to [[Gille Brigte, Earl of Strathearn]].

In 1580 a Robert Grant, champion of the Grants, defeated an English champion at a [[jousting]] tournament while on an embassy in the southEngland.<ref name="Grant2"/> Towards the end of the 16th century the Grants began to quarrel with their old allies the Gordons, over religion.<ref name="Grant4"/> The Grants being Protestant and the Gordons being Catholic.<ref name="Grant4">{{cite book |last=Grant |first=Calum |year=1997 |title=The Grants |publisher=Lang Syne Publishers Ltd |pages=15–17 |isbn=1-85217-048-4}}</ref>

In 1586 the Earl of Huntly allied with the Clan MacDonald and [[Clan Cameron]] who both had a history of raiding the Grant's lands.<ref name="Grant4"/> The Grants responded by bringing in the [[Clan Gregor]] but they came off worse in a clash at Ballindalloch.<ref name="Grant4"/> By the late 16th century, Clan Grant becamehad become an important clan in the [[Scottish Highlands]]. During this period, the clan's actions resulted in the murder of the [[James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray|Earl of Moray]] and the defeat of the [[Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll|Earl of Argyll]] at the [[Battle of Glenlivet]] in 1594. The Chief of Clan Grant ordered his men to retreat as soon as the action began. This treacherous move led to the defeat of [[Clan Campbell]] of Argyll.<ref>{{cite book |last=Browne |first=James |author-link=James Browne (writer) |year=1840 |title=A History of the Highlands and of the Highland Clans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PJQUAAAAQAAJ&q=Glenlivet |volume=1 |location=[[Glasgow]] |publisher=[[Archibald Fullarton|A. Fullarton & Co]] |pages=223–225 |access-date=December 31, 2023}}</ref>

In 1651, Sir [[James Grant of Freuchie|James Grant, 16th7th of Freuchie]], 18th Chief, led the clan toas fight fora [[Charles I of EnglandCovenanters|Charles ICovenanter]] and thesuffered [[Cavalier|Royalists]]much atas a result. He later supported the [[BattleJames Graham, Marquis of Worcester]]Montrose|Marquis inof 1651Montrose]]. Also, an alliance between Sir James Grant and the [[Marquess of Huntly|Earl of Huntly]] led to the annihilation of the [[Clan Farquharson]].

LikeIn many1689 others[[Ludovick Grant of Grant|Ludovic Grant, the8th Grantsof participatedFreuchie]], on19th bothChief, sidesreferred afterto as the deposition"Highland King", was a supporter of [[JamesWilliam IIIII of England|JamesWilliam IIof & VIIOrange]] inand Novemberlater 1688also bysupported the [[William IIIHouse of EnglandHanover|WilliamHanoverian]] succession.<ref name="GrantTartan" /> Led by their Chief, the majority of Orangethe Clan were steadfast [[Loyalism|Loyalists]]. The [[Grant of Glenmoriston|Grants of Glenmoriston]] foughthowever withwere thecommitted Jacobites throughout the period, notably fighting at the [[Battle of Killiecrankie]] in July 1689,.<ref name="Grant6">{{cite book |last=Grant |first=Calum |year=1997 |title=The Grants |publisher=Lang Syne Publishers Ltd |page=24 |isbn=1-85217-048-4}}</ref> whileClan othersGrant wereprovided the partbulk of the Williamite force under [[Sir Thomas Livingstone, 1st Viscount Teviot|Sir Thomas Livingstone]], that defeated the Jacobites at the [[Battle of Cromdale]] in May 1690.<ref name="Grant6" />

====1715 – 1716 rising====

During the [[Jacobite rising of 1715]] the main part of the Clan Grant supported the British Government.<ref name="Grant6" /> In 1715 the Laird of Grant withdrew his forces which led to the defeat of government forces at the [[Skirmish of Alness]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mackenzie |first=Alan |year=2006 |url=http://www.electricscotland.com/mackenzie/images/CHAPT.10.pdf| title=History of the Mackenzies |chapter=10 |page=125 |publisher=electricscotland.com| access-date=December 31, 2023}}</ref> However, soon after the Clan Grant helped retake Inverness from the Jacobites during [[Siege of Inverness (1715)]].<ref name="Grant7">{{cite book |last=Grant |first=Calum |year=1997 |title=The Grants |publisher=Lang Syne Publishers Ltd |pages=28–30 |isbn=1-85217-048-4}}</ref> In 1715 the fighting force of the Clan Grant was given as 850 men by General [[George Wade]].<ref name="GrantTartan"/> At the [[Battle of Sheriffmuir]] in 1715, Grants fought on both sides. The British government forces won the battle with many of the Jacobites surrendering to General [[Alexander Grant (Scottish politician)|Alexander Grant, 2nd of Grant]], 20th Chief.

[[General Wade]]'s report on the Highlands in 1724, estimated the clan strength at 800 men.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Johnston |first1=Thomas Brumby |author-link1=Thomas Brumby Johnston |last2=Robertson |first2=James Alexander |last3=Dickson |first3=William Kirk |author-link3=William Kirk Dickson |year=1899 |chapter=General Wade's Report |title=Historical Geography of the Clans of Scotland |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/historicalgeogra00john/page/26/mode/2up |location=[[Edinburgh]] and [[London]] |publisher=[[W. & A.K. Johnston]] |page=26 |access-date=February 16, 2020}}</ref> In 1725, six [[Independent Highland Companies]] (Black Watch) were formed to support the Government. One from Clan Grant, one from [[Clan Fraser of Lovat]], one from [[Clan Munro]] and three from [[Clan Campbell]]. In 1739, ten Independent Highland Companies were formed into the [[42nd Regiment of Foot|43rd Highlanders]] (Black Watch) regiment.<ref>{{cite book |last=Simpson |first=Peter |year=1996 |title=The Independent Highland Companies, 1603 – 1760 |publisher=[[John Donald Publishers]] |page=117 |isbn=0-85976-432-X}}</ref>

====1745 – 1746 rising====

During the Jacobite rising of 1745 the chiefChief of Clan Grant again supported the British Government, as did most of the Clan.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pine |first=Leslie Gilbert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ARsJAQAAIAAJ |title=The Highland Clans |date=1972 |publisher=David and Charles |isbn=978-0-7153-5532-9 |pages=64 |language=en}}</ref> However once again he withdrew his troops which again led to the defeat of government forces, this time at the [[Battle of Inverurie (1745)]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Leslie |first=Charles Joseph |year=1869 |title=Historical records of the family of Leslie from 1067 to 1868–9, collected from public records and authentic private sources |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalrecord03lesluoft |volume=III |pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicalrecord03lesluoft/page/178 178]-181 |location=Edinburgh |publisher=Edmonston and Douglas |access-date=December 31, 2023}}</ref>

One branch of the Clan Grant, the [[Grant of Glenmoriston|Grants of Glenmoriston]], sided with the Jacobites andduring the '45. They fought at the [[Battle of Prestonpans]] in 1745 and are credited with winning the day due to their timely reinforcement. The GrantsGrant of Glenmoriston branch also fought as Jacobites at the [[Battle of Culloden]] in 1746 under the command of the [[James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth|Duke of Perth]]. Eighty-four Grants of Glenmoriston were captured at Culloden and were transported to [[Barbados]], in violation of their terms of surrender, where they were sold as slavesindentured servants.<ref name="GrantTartan">{{cite book |chapter=The Clan of Grant |title=The Scottish Clans and Their Tartans |url=https://archive.org/details/scottishclansand00edin |year=1886 |edition=Library |location=Edinburgh and London |publisher=[[W. & A.K. Johnston & G.W. Bacon Ltd.]] |page=[https://archive.org/details/scottishclansand00edin/page/64/mode/2up 27] |access-date=February 10, 2021}}</ref>

During the later part of the 18th century two regiments were raised from the Clan Grant. Firstly the "Grant[[Strathspey orFencibles]]" Strathspey(otherwise known as the "Grant Fencibles") in 1793 and the "[[97th Regiment of Foot (Inverness-shire Highlanders)]]" (or "Strathspey Regiment") in 1794. The first was disbanded in 1799 and the second, was used as marines on board Lord Howe's fleet and later drafted into other regiments in 1795.<ref name="GrantTartan"/>

On his [[World tour of Ulysses S. Grant|world tour]] in 1877, [[Ulysses S. Grant]] came to Scotland and he was accepted as a returning member of Clan Grant. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-44399859 |title=Stars and gripes: When US President Ulysses S Grant came to Scotland |first=Andrew |last=Thomson |work=BBC News |date=10 June 2018 |access-date=10 June 2018}}</ref> However, there is no evidence his Grant ancestors were Scottish.

During a visit to [[Winnipeg]], Canada in July 2012, the chief of Clan Grant declared that [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]] leader [[Cuthbert Grant]] was a member of the clan. This created a new sept of Clan Grant in Canada.<ref>[http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/scottish-clan-chiefs-visit-unites-grant-descendants-162502666.html "Scottish clan chief's visit unites Grant descendants] ''Winnipeg Free Press'', 15 July 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2012.</ref> Visitors came from as far away as Scotland as well as from the Yukon, Montana and Manitoba where Grant descendants settled to take part in events arranged for Lord Strathspey's time in Canada.<ref>{{Cite Anitaweb Grant Steele arrived with other descendants of William Grant of Trois|date=2016-Rivières,03-05 Quebec, who was one of the originators of the North West Company and the senior partner of Grant, Campion and Company. Steele organised a reunion tea with Lord Strathspey at Winnipeg|title=Canada's FortHistory Garry– HotelPrairie andreunion was|url=http://www.canadashistory.ca/GrantReunion named the first steward of the branch now known as the MacRobbie Grants of|access-date=2023-11-05 Trois|archive-Rivièresurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305064958/http://www.canadashistory.ca/GrantReunion The reunion included Donald L Grant, Emerald Grant and Roy Grant, who were responsible for the Y|archive-DNAdate=5 testMarch results2016 that positively determined the MacRobbie Grants of Trois-Rivières are a senior line from the same genetic line as the chiefs of Grant.}}</ref>

*[[Loch an Eilein]] Castle, near [[Aviemore]] came into the possession of the Grants in 1567.<ref name="Coventry"/> It was attacked by Jacobites after their defeat at the [[Battle of Cromdale]] in 1690, but was successfully defended.<ref name="Coventry"/>

The current Chief of Clan Grant is the [[Rt Hon]] The Lord Strathspey (Sir James Patrick TrevorMichael Grant of Grant, [[Baronet|Bt]], 6th7th [[Baron Strathspey]], 33rd34th hereditary [[Scottish clan chief|Clan chief]] of Clan Grant).

[[Category:Clan Grant|Clan Grant]]