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<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout and guidelines. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name = FGFA
| image =
| caption =
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| introduction =
| retired =
| status = Cancelled
| primary user = [[Indian Air Force]] (intended)
| more users =
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| number built =
| program cost = [[United States dollar|US$]]30 billion (projected)<ref name=$30B/>
| unit cost = US$100 million (est.)<ref name="Sify.com">{{cite web |url= http://sify.com/news/india-to-jointly-develop-250-fifth-generation-fighters-news-national-kkerudjjcjc.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101009045648/http://sify.com/news/india-to-jointly-develop-250-fifth-generation-fighters-news-national-kkerudjjcjc.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2010-10-09 |title= India to jointly develop 250 fifth generation fighters |
| developed from = [[Sukhoi Su-57]]
| variants with their own articles =
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|}
The '''Sukhoi/HAL Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft''' ('''FGFA''') was a [[fifth-generation fighter]] concept, based on the Russian [[Sukhoi Su-57]], that was being developed
It was reported India withdrew from the FGFA programme in 2018, but also hinted that the project could be resumed at a later date, when the Su-57 is fully operational in the [[Russian Air Force]] first.<ref name="Janes_India_left_FGFA" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/drdos-technology-claim-fells-9-billion-indo-russian-aircraft-deal/articleshow/64565395.cms|title=DRDO's technology claim fells $9 billion Indo-Russian aircraft deal|last=Pubby|first=Manu|date=2018-06-13|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-06-13}}</ref> However, General Director of [[United Aircraft Corporation]] Yuri Slyusar claimed that the FGFA program was not cancelled and India is still working with Russia regarding to the future aircraft.<ref name="Not cancelled" /><ref name="Not cancelled 2" /> In October 2019, the Indian Air Force Chief of Air Staff [[RKS Bhadauria]] stated that the country will not be importing stealth fighters like the Su-57, and will instead focus on indigenous efforts such as the [[HAL AMCA]].<ref name="latest update:cancelled">{{cite web |last= Siddiqui |first= Huma |url= https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/make-in-india-iaf-will-focus-on-the-indigenous-amca-for-its-fighter-fleet-says-air-chief-rks-bhadauria/1727310/ |title= Make in India: IAF will focus on the indigenous AMCA for its fighter fleet, says Air Chief RKS Bhadauria |publisher= Financial Express |date= 2019-10-05 |access-date= 2020-01-09}}</ref>
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Following the success of the [[BrahMos]] project, [[Russia]] and [[India]] agreed in early 2007 to jointly study and develop a Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) programme.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/08/stories/2007020806230500.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070502041838/http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/08/stories/2007020806230500.htm |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2007-05-02 |title= Indo-Russian agreement soon on PAK-FA |first= Rasheed |last= Kappan |date= 2007-02-08 |location= Chennai, India |work= [[The Hindu]] |access-date= 2007-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1433785.cms |title= India, Russia to make 5th generation fighter jets |date= 2007-01-24 |publisher= [[Times of India]] |access-date= 2007-10-20}}</ref>
On 11 September 2010, it was reported that India and Russia had agreed on a preliminary design contract, subject to Cabinet approval. In December 2010, a memorandum of understanding for preliminary design of the Indo-Russian fighter was reportedly signed between Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL), and Russian companies [[Rosoboronexport]] and Sukhoi.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=20815&mmacmaid=20816 |title= Medvedev Flair Firms Up Indo-Russian Relations |publisher= Observer Research Foundation |date= 2010-12-29 |access-date= 2012-05-18 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120909001145/http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=20815&mmacmaid=20816 |archive-date= 2012-09-09 }}
While the Russian version will be a single-pilot fighter, the Indian variant will be based on its own operational doctrine which calls for greater radius of combat operations. The wings and control surfaces need to be reworked for the FGFA.<ref>{{cite web |first= Sandeep |last= Unnithan |url= http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&issueid=73&task=view&id=16398§ionid=4&Itemid=1 |title= India, Russia to have different versions of same fighter plane |publisher= Indiatoday.digitaltoday.in |date= 2008-09-29 |access-date= 2010-12-16}}</ref> By February 2009, as per Sukhoi General Director Mikhail Pogosyan, India will initially get the same PAK FA fighter of Russia and the only difference will be the software.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.aviationweek.com/Blogs.aspx?plckBlogId=%20Blog:27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7&plckPostId=Blog:27ec4a53-dcc8-42d0-bd3a-01329aef79a7Post:a30f423d-9647-4277-b1b1-f400edddc114 |title= PAK-FA – Full Speed Ahead |last1= Sweetman |first1= Bill |date= 13 February 2009 |website= aviationweek.com |publisher= Penton |access-date= 13 November 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref>
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In 2010, a total of 500 aircraft were planned with options for further aircraft. [[Russian Air Force]] will have 200 single-seat and 50 twin-seat PAK FAs while [[Indian Air Force]] will get 166 single seated and 48 twin-seated FGFAs.<ref name=India_develop_25_percent>{{cite news |url= http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-to-develop-25fifth-generation-fighter/381786/ |title= India to develop 25% of fifth generation fighter |newspaper= Business Standard India |publisher= Business-standard.com |date= 2010-01-06 |access-date= 2010-12-16|last1= Shukla |first1= Ajai }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-russia-close-to-pactnext-generation-fighter/381718/ |title= India, Russia close to PACT on next generation fighter |newspaper= Business Standard India |date= 5 January 2010 |publisher= Business-standard.com |access-date= 2010-12-16|last1= Shukla |first1= Ajai }}</ref> Under the project terms, single-seat fighters will be assembled in Russia, while Hindustan Aeronautics will assemble two-seaters.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://indrus.in/articles/2011/11/11/prime_minister_putins_greatest_deals_13234.html |title= Prime Minister Putin's greatest deals |publisher= indrus.in |date= 2011-11-11 |access-date= 2011-11-11}}</ref> HAL negotiated a 25% share of design and development work in the FGFA programme. HAL's work share will include critical software including the mission computer, navigation systems, most of the cockpit displays, the counter measure dispensing (CMD) systems and modifying Sukhoi's prototype into fighter as per the requirement of the Indian Air Force (IAF).<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-to-develop-25fifth-generation-fighter/381786/ |title= India to develop 25% of fifth generation fighter |newspaper= Business Standard India |publisher= Business-standard.com |date= 2010-01-06 |access-date= 2012-05-18|last1= Shukla |first1= Ajai }}</ref>
Sukhoi director Mikhail Pogosyan projected a market for 1,000 aircraft over the next four decades, 200 each for Russia and India and 600 for other countries in 2010.<ref>{{cite news |last= Bryanski |first= Gleb |url= http://in.reuters.com/article/topNews/idINIndia-46877820100312?sp=true |title= Russia to make 1,000 stealth jets, eyes India deal |publisher= In.reuters.com |date= 2010-03-12 |access-date= 2010-12-16 |archive-date= 2017-08-21 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170821173333/http://in.reuters.com/article/topNews/idINIndia-46877820100312?sp=true |url-status= dead }}</ref> Russian Trade Minister [[Viktor Khristenko]] said that the aircraft are to be jointly developed and produced with India and both countries will "share benefits from selling the plane not only on their domestic markets, but also on the markets of third countries."<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=14912167&PageNum=0 |title= Russia, India to sign contract for sketching 5th generation jet soon |publisher= Itar-tass.com |access-date= 2010-12-16 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The Editor-in-chief of Natsionalnaya Oborona, Igor Korotchenko, said in February 2013 that exports of the jointly designed fighter should help Russia increase its share of arms exports to the world.<ref>{{Cite news |newspaper= RUVR |url= http://english.ruvr.ru/2013_02_18/Russian-aircraft-builders-successful-arms-traders/ |date= 2013-02-18 |title= Russian aircraft builders successful arms traders |place= [[Russia|RU]]}}</ref>
===Project changes and delays===
In May 2012, the Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) announced a two-year delay in the project's development.<ref name=Delays_challenges>{{cite news |url= http://business-standard.com/india/news/delayschallenges-for-indo-russian-fighter/474329/ |title= Delays and challenges for Indo-Russian fighter |newspaper= Business Standard India |publisher= Business-standard.com |date= 2012-05-15 |access-date= 2012-05-18|last1= Shukla |first1= Ajai }}</ref> Ashok Nayak, who spoke on the record as HAL's chairman before retiring, explained that the IAF have required 40–45 improvements made from the PAK-FA to meet Indian needs. These changes were then formally agreed upon between India and Russia.<ref name=Delays_challenges/>
The Russian and Indian air forces each planned to purchase about 250 FGFAs, at an estimated $100 million per fighter for an $25 billion total, in addition to the development costs.<ref name=Delays_challenges/> By October 2012, India had cut its total purchase size from 200 to 144 aircraft. India's initial investment had grown from $5 billion to $6 billion, and the estimated total programme cost had grown to $30 billion in 2012.<ref name=$30B>Luthra, Gulshan.[http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1766_IAF_decides_144_fifth_generation_fighters.htm "IAF decides on 144 Fifth Generation Fighters."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928230454/http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1766_IAF_decides_144_fifth_generation_fighters.htm |date=2013-09-28 }} ''India Strategic'', October 2012.</ref>{{update inline|date=August 2016}}
In 2013, it was revealed that the Russian and Indian fighters would be using the same avionics.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20130206/179261409.html |title= India to Use Russian Avionics For Future Fighter – UAC Boss |author= Sputnik |date= 6 February 2013 |work= ria.ru |access-date= 6 April 2015}}</ref> [[Alexander Fomin]] said that "Both sides involved in this project are investing a lot into it, and on equal terms."<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-news-live-aeroindia/2013-02-07/russia-still-has-high-hopes-defense-sales-india |title= Russia Still Has High Hopes for Defense Sales to India |work= Aviation International News |access-date= 6 April 2015 |archive-date= 2014-09-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140908125522/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-news-live-aeroindia/2013-02-07/russia-still-has-high-hopes-defense-sales-india |url-status= dead }}</ref> Russia later admitted to huge delays and cost overruns in the project.<ref>{{cite
On 9 March 2015, media outlets reported that the countries agreed to reduce the aircraft delivery time from 92 months to 36 months with the signing of the final agreement. India is also ready to forego a 50:50 work share to prevent further delays from absorption of a new technology; both countries agreed to manufacture the first batch of aircraft in Russia and for subsequent batches to be manufactured by HAL.<ref>{{cite
By 2016, Indian interest in the project was fading after Russia cut back their own purchases.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/india-and-russia-fail-to-resolve-dispute-over-fifth-generation-fighter-jet/ |title=India and Russia Fail to Resolve Dispute Over Fifth Generation Fighter Jet |last1=Gady |first1=Franz-Stefan |date=6 January 2016 |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> On 25 January 2016, it was reported that Russia and India have agreed to develop FGFA and lower investment cost to $4 billion for each nation. They will invest $1 billion in the first year and another $500 million per year for the following six years.{{cn|date=December 2020}} In September 2016, the two nations announced a detailed work-share agreement for joint production.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-and-russia-agree-on-details-of-new-joint-production-of-fifth-generation-fighter-aircraft/articleshow/54203573.cms |title=India and Russia agree on details of new joint production of fifth generation fighter aircraft |last1=Pubby |first1=Manu |date=9 September 2016 |website=indiatimes.com |publisher=Times Group |access-date=13 September 2016}}</ref>
In May 2017, another announcement came out regarding a "milestone" pact to finalise the detailed design for the fifth-generation fighter aircraft (FGFA) and move ahead with the multibillion-dollar co-development project. It is expected to be signed in the second half of the year.<ref>{{cite
It has been reported that India and Russia are studying an upgrade to the [[Su-35]] with stealth technology (similar to the [[F-15 Silent Eagle]]) as a more affordable alternative to the FGFA.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/02/could-russia-design-a-fifth-generation-variant-of-the-su-35-for-india/|title=Could Russia Design a Fifth-Generation Variant of the Su-35 for India?|first=Abraham Ait, The|last=Diplomat|website=thediplomat.com|access-date=23 April 2018}}</ref>
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Russian expertise in titanium structures will be complemented by India's experience in composites like in the fuselage.<ref name=India_develop_25_percent/> Speaking to ''[[Flight International]]'', United Aircraft chief Mikhail Pogosyan said India is giving engineering inputs covering latest airframe design, Hi-Tech software development and other systems.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/06/20/357476/paris-russias-pak-fa-fighter-shows-promise.html |title= PARIS: Russia's PAK-FA fighter shows promise |publisher= Flightglobal.com |date= 2011-06-20 |access-date= 2013-04-11}}</ref>
By August 2014, the [[United Aircraft Corporation]] (UAC) had completed the front end engineering design for the FGFA for which a contract had been signed with India's [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited|HAL]] in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.samachar.com/Russia-prepares-5thgeneration-fighter-for-India-oiqch2bbcfe.html |title= Indian News – India Newspaper – India Latest News – News From India – India News Daily – Current India News |work= samachar.com |access-date= 6 April 2015 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140818074001/http://www.samachar.com/Russia-prepares-5thgeneration-fighter-for-India-oiqch2bbcfe.html |archive-date= 18 August 2014 }}</ref>
===Differences for FGFA===
When complete, the FGFA would've been predominantly armed with weapons of Indian origin such as the [[Astra (missile)|Astra]], a [[beyond-visual-range missile]] (BVR)developed by India. Although in keeping with the Russian BVR doctrine of using a variety of different missiles for versatility and unpredictability to countermeasures, the aircraft was expected to have compatibility with various missile types. It was reported, the FGFA would include systems developed by third parties.
The completed joint Indian/Russian versions of the operational fighters would've differed from the then flying prototypes through a total of 43 improvements.<ref name="ainonline.com"/>
Russia had agreed to the demand of the [[Indian Air force|Indian Air Force]] that it must be a two-seater fighter.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20140915/DEFREG/309150023/Indo-Russian-Jet-Program-Finally-Moves-Forward |title= Indo-Russian Jet Program Finally Moves Forward |work= Defense News |date= 15 September 2014 |access-date= 23 January 2015 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20150124195349/http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20140915/DEFREG/309150023/Indo-Russian-Jet-Program-Finally-Moves-Forward |archive-date= 24 January 2015 }}</ref> India had plans for it to be a two-seater with a pilot and [[Weapon systems officer|weapon systems operator]].<ref name="auto">{{cite news|date=22 January 2015|title=India Fast Tracks 5th Generation Fighter Jet Project With Russia|work=NDTV|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/india-fast-tracks-5th-generation-fighter-jet-project-with-russia-652005|access-date=23 January 2015}}</ref>
==See also==
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{{aircontent
|see also=<!-- other closely related articles that have not already linked: -->
|related=<!-- designs which were developed into or from this aircraft: -->
* [[HAL AMCA]]
* [[Sukhoi Su-57]]
|similar aircraft=<!-- aircraft that are of similar Role, Era, and Capability as this design: -->
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