Liu He (politician): Difference between revisions

{{Other personspeople|Liu He|Liu He (disambiguation){{!}}Liu He}}

| image = File:Liu He, May 16, 2018(cropped).jpg

| caption = Liu He in 20182023

| office = [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China]]

| term_end1 = AprilOctober 2023

'''Liu He''' ({{lang-zh|s=刘鹤|t=劉鶴|p=Liú Hè|w=Liu² Ho⁴|l=[[Liu]] [[Crane (bird)|Crane]]}}; born 25 January 1952) is a Chinese [[economist]] and retired politician who served as a [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China|vice premier of the People's Republic of China]] from 2018 to 2023. Additionally, he served as the director of the Office serving the [[Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission]] of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) from 2013 to 2023, the director of the [[Financial Stability and Development Committee]] from 2017 to 2023, as well as a member of the [[Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]] from 2017 to 2022.

Liu became a member of the [[Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP Central Committee]] in 2013, when he became a deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, as well as the director of the Office of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs. During this period, he advised CCP general secretary [[Xi Jinping]] on economic affairs, and was considered a primary architect of Xi's economic policies. He was promoted to the [[Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party|Politburo]] in 2017 and became a [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China|vice premier]] in 2018, where he continued to take on economic policies and also became the top trade negotiator with the United States due to the [[China–United States trade war]]. Liu retired from the Politburo in 2022, and stepped down from vice premiership in 2023.

Born in Beijing inon 25 January 1952,<ref name="Brookings Institution">{{cite web |date= |title=Liu He 刘鹤 |url=https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/20thpartycongress_liu_he.pdf |access-date=23 June 2023 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]}}</ref> Liu attended [[Beijing 101 Middle School]] for middle and high school; some foreign and Chinese media have mistakenly reported that Liu attended the same middle school with [[Xi Jinping]], though Xi attended the Bayi School and Beijing No. 25 School. Nevertheless, they still likely grew close ties as they grew up in the same neighborhood.<ref name="Brookings Institution" />

Liu was [[Sent-down youth|sent down]] to [[Taonan]], [[Jilin]] during the [[Cultural Revolution]], where he worked in an agricultural commune.<ref name="Brookings Institution" /> In 1970, he joined [[82nd Group Army]], and once became a deputy squad leader. He retired from army after three years, and was assigned to Beijing Radio Factory as a worker for another three years.<ref name="Brookings Institution" /> He joined the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) in December 1976.<ref name="Brookings Institution" /> He received a Bachelor of Science in Industrial Economics and Management from [[Renmin University of China]] in 1983 and a Master of Science in Industrial Economics in 1986. He was a visiting scholar at [[Seton Hall University]] [[W. Paul Stillman School of Business|School of Business]] from 1992 to 1993.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Porter |first=Sarah |date=19 March 2018 |title=Liu He: China's quiet economist becomes top economic leader |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43251862 |access-date=23 June 2023}}</ref> He received a [[Master of Public Administration]] from [[Harvard Kennedy School]] in 1995.<ref name=":02">{{Cite webbook |titlelast=刘鹤简历-新华网Li |urlfirst=httpDavid Daokui |title=China's World View://www.xinhuanet.com/2018-03/19/c_1122560868.htm Demystifying China to Prevent Global Conflict |access-date=2022-04-212024 |websitepublisher=www[[W.xinhuanet W.com Norton & Company]] |isbn=978-0393292398 |location=New York, NY |author-link=David Daokui Li}}</ref>{{Rp|page=195}} in 1995. Liu was also a founder of the Chinese Economists 50 Forum.<ref name="Brookings Institution" />

He has published widely on macroeconomics, Chinese industrial and economic development policy, new economic theory and the [[information industry]], writing five books and over 200 articles.<ref name="Brookings Institution" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Vitae |first=China |title=China Vitae : Biography of Liu He |url=http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Liu_He/bio |access-date=2018-03-19 |website=chinavitae.com}}</ref>

At the [[19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP 19th National Congress]] in October 2017, Liu was promoted to the [[Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP Politburo]].<ref name=":1" /> He also was put in charge of the newly established [[Financial Stability and Development Committee]] in November.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hornby |first=Lucy |last2=Mitchell |first2=Tom |date=19 March 2018 |title=China's Liu He to take broad economic role as vice-premier |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/ceea03f4-2a85-11e8-9b4b-bc4b9f08f381 |access-date=20 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Zhou |first=Xin |date=19 March 2018 |title=Liu He: China's new one-man debt bomb disposal unit |language=en |newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]] |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/economy/article/2137860/liu-he-chinas-new-one-man-debt-bomb-disposal-unit |access-date=19 March 2018}}</ref> In March 2018, Liu He was appointed as a [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China|vice premier]] in charge of finance and economic structural reforms in [[Li Keqiang Government]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://news.ifeng.com/a/20180319/56857742_0.shtml |title=国务院副总理、国务委员、各部部长完整名单 |access-date=2018-03-19 |date=March 19, 2018 |agency=Xinhua |language=Chinese}}</ref>

Liu retired from the Politburo in October 2022, after the [[20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party|20th CCP National Congress]], as well as from vice premiership in March 2023, after the [[2023 National People's Congress|first session]] of the [[14th National People's Congress]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=23 June 2023 |title=Elder Liu He remains China’s economic guide, including on US strategy |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3225060/elder-liu-he-remains-chinas-economic-guide-including-us-strategy |access-date=23 June 2023}}</ref> He also retired as the director of the [[Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission]] Office inby AprilOctober 2023, where Vice Premier [[He Lifeng]] took over the position.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tang |first=Frank |last2=Chen |first2=Frank |date=30 October 2023 |title=China’s Vice-Premier He Lifeng handed increased economic authority, takes over key policymaking role |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |url=https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3239659/chinas-vice-premier-he-lifeng-handed-increased-economic-authority-takes-over-key-policymaking-role |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> Nevertheless, he was reported to still be influential after his retirement, still attending meetings on economic affairs, and being asked to give input on dealing with the US on trade and economic issues, as well as on domestic economic policies.<ref name=":2" /> Liu also met with US Treasury Secretary [[Janet Yellen]] in July 2023 and April 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/07/us-treasury-secretary-janet-yellen-meets-chinese-premier-li-qiang.html|title=U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen meets Chinese Premier Li Qiang}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2218|title=Secretary of the Treasury Janet L. Yellen to Travel to the People’s Republic of China}}</ref>

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[[Category:Vice Premierspremiers of the People's Republic of China]]

[[Category:People's20th-century Republic of ChinaChinese economists]]