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{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Le Amicheamiche
| image = Le_Amiche_Poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| border = yes
| director = [[Michelangelo Antonioni]]
| producer = Giovanni Addessi
Line 18 ⟶ 17:
| distributor = [[Titanus]]
| released = {{film date|1955|9|7|Italy|df=y}}
| runtime = 106104 minutes{{efn|Running time according to the restored [[Masters of Cinema]] (UK) and [[Criterion Collection]] (US) Blu-ray releases<ref>{{citerelease web|url=http://www.dvdbeaver.com/film5/blu-ray_reviews_72/le_amiche_blu-ray.htmof |title=Lethe amichefilm's |website=DVDBeaverrestored |access-date=42008 January 2023}}</ref>version<ref>{{cite webAV media|urldate=https://www.criterion.com/films/28632-le-amiche2016 |title=Le amicheAmiche |websitetype=CriterionBlu-ray Collection|access-datepublisher=4Criterion January 2023Collection}}</ref>}}
| country = Italy
| language = [[Italian language|Italian]]
}}
'''''Le Amicheamiche''''' ({{IPA-|it|le aˈmiːke|}}, {{literallit. translation|"The girlfriends"}}) is a 1955 Italian [[drama film]] directed by [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] and starring [[Eleonora Rossi Drago]], [[Gabriele Ferzetti]], [[Franco Fabrizi]], and [[Valentina Cortese]].<ref name="Antonioni">{{cite book|title=Michaelangelo Antonioni |editor1-last=Jansen |editor1-first=Peter W. |editor2-last=Schütte |editor2-first=Wolfram |publisher=Carl Hanser Verlag |location=Munich and Vienna |year=1984}}</ref><ref name="Pipolo">{{cite web|url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/4095-le-amiche-friends-italian-style |title=Le amiche: Friends—Italian Style |first=Tony |last=Pipolo |website=Criterion Collection |date=7 June 2016 |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> It is basedBased on [[Cesare Pavese]]'s 1949 novella ''Tra donne sole'' ({{literallit. translation|"OnlyAmong amongwomen only" or "Among single women"}}).,<ref name="Antonioni" /><ref name="Pipolo" /> ''Le amiche'' portrays a group of five upper-class women in [[Turin]] and their various relationships with men. It premiered at the [[16th Venice International Film Festival]],<ref name="Antonioni" /> where it was awarded the [[Silver Lion]].<ref name="filmdienst">{{cite web|url=https://www.filmdienst.de/film/details/25534/die-freundinnen |title=Die Freundinnen |language=de |website=Filmdienst |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref>
 
''Le Amiche'' portrays a group of five upper-class women in [[Turin]] and their relationships with men.
 
==Plot==
Clelia returns from [[Rome]] to her native city Turin, where she is assigned to supervise the opening of a branch of the Roman fashion salon where she previously has been previously working. By coincidence, she is confronted with the failed suicide attempt of a young woman named Rosetta and gets acquainted with her circle of Turin socialites,. whichThe group includes Rosetta, the coquettish Mariella, Momina, a woman in her thirties who lives separated from her husband and has changing affairs, and successful ceramics artist Nene, who lives with herLorenzo, painteran boyfriendunrecognised Lorenzopainter. The construction work on the salon, whose opening lies only a few days ahead, is not finished yet, for which Clelia scolds Cesare, the architect in charge Cesare, who turns out to be Momina's present affair. ThroughDuring Cesareher inspection, Clelia also meets hisCesare's assistant Carlo, a member of the working class. Although she feels attracted to Carlohim, she is soon confronted with the classsocial distinctionsboundaries between himCarlo, herselfwho andis herof newworking friendsclass descent, althoughand herself, regardless of the fact that Clelia grew up in one of Turin's poor quarters as well.
 
WhileAfter Rosetta's return from the hospital, the five women, Cesare and Lorenzo take a trip to the beach,. itIt becomes evident that Rosetta has fallen in love with Nene's partner Lorenzo, who was also the reason for herwhom suicideshe attempt. The two start an affair, as do Cleliamodeled and Carlo.whom Rosettashe trieshad to talk Lorenzo into leaving Nene for her, but Lorenzo, whose last exhibition was unsuccessful in contrasttried to Nene's,ring remainsup hesitant. Duringon the openingnight of theher salon,suicide Nene, who has sensed the attraction betweenattempt. Rosetta andtells Lorenzo,Clelia offersof toher letinner him go. When the group later meets in a restaurant, Cesare mocks Lorenzo for his lack of artistic success,emptiness and the two men get into a fight. Rosetta follows Lorenzo, who tells her that heshe cannot give herloathes the lovepredictability shewhich issurrounds looking forher. LorenzoClelia returnsoffers toRosetta Nene,a whojob eventuallyat acceptsthe himsalon back,as even if ita means that she will have to rejectfind hera agent'sdifferent offerperspective to moveon her studio to the USlife.
 
Rosetta tries to talk Lorenzo into leaving Nene for her, but Lorenzo remains hesitant. Eager to spend every moment possible with her lover, she decides against the opportunity to work at Clelia's salon. During the opening event, Nene, who has sensed the attraction between Rosetta and Lorenzo, offers Rosetta to let him go. When the group later meets in a restaurant, Cesare mocks Lorenzo for his lack of artistic success, and the two men get into a fight. Rosetta follows Lorenzo, who tells her that he cannot give her the love she seeks from him. Lorenzo returns to Nene, who eventually accepts him back, even if it means giving up the chance to go to [[New York City|New York]] for an exhibition of her work.
Soon after, Rosetta drowns herself in the [[Po (river)|Po]] river. When Momina remains unmoved by her friend's death, Clelia attacks her for her coldness and cynism in front of the salon customers and her employer. Convinced that she will lose her job, Clelia hints at Carlo the possibility of a relationship, but when her sympathetic employer offers her to return to the salon in Rome, she chooses her professional career over the prospect of living with him. She asks him to meet for a last time, but Carlo does not show up, instead secretly watching her departure on the train to Rome.▼
 
▲Soon after, Rosetta drowns herself in the [[Po (river)|Po]] river. When[This Mominais remainsa unmoveddeparture from Pavese's plot, in which Rosetta, alone, takes an overdose of pills.] Disgusted by Momina's self-righteousness in the face of her friend's death, Clelia attacks her for her coldness and cynism in front of the salon customers and her employer. Convinced that she will lose her job, Clelia hints at Carlo the possibility of a relationship, but when her sympathetic employer offers her to return to the salon in Rome, she chooses her professional career and independence over the prospect of livingbecoming, within himher words, "a peaceful wife in a modest home". She asks him to meet forher aone last time, but Carlo does not show up, instead secretly watching her departure on the train to Rome.
 
==Cast==
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* [[Yvonne Furneaux]] as Momina
* [[Madeleine Fischer]] as Rosetta
* {{interlanguage link|Anna Maria Pancani|it}} as Mariella
* Luciano Volpato as Tony
* [[Maria Gambarelli]] as Clelia's employer
Line 46 ⟶ 45:
 
==Production and release==
Antonioni adapted the screenplay from Pavese's novella in collaboration with [[Suso Cecchi d'Amico]] and [[Alba de Céspedes y Bertini|Alba de Céspedes]], assigning the [[dramaturgy]] to d'Amico and the dialogue to Céspedes.<ref name="Antonioni" /> Alterations from the literary source include the narrative perspective, which is solely Clelia's in the novella, other than the film's multiple viewpoints, and the motive of Rosetta's suicide, which is ascribed to a luckless lesbian affair with Momina and a general feeling of senselessness in Pavese's book, while the ill-fated affair with Lorenzo serves as explanation in the adaptation.<ref name="Antonioni" /><ref>{{cite AV media|last1=Forgacs |first1=David |first2=Karen |last2=Pinkus |date=2016 |title=Le Amiche |type=Blu-ray |publisher=Criterion Collection}}</ref> The film was shot on location in Turin, produced by the Trionfalcine production company, Rome.<ref name="Antonioni" /> ItThe premieredwomen's atwardrobe was designed by the VeniceRoman Filmfashion Festivalhouse on[[Sorelle 7Fontana]].<ref>{{cite SeptemberAV 1955media|last=Paulicelli and|first=Eugenia was|author-link=Eugenia distributedPaulicelli in|date=2016 Italy|title=Le throughAmiche [[Titanus]].<ref|type=Blu-ray name|publisher="Antonioni"Criterion Collection}}</ref>
 
''Le amiche'' premiered at the 16th Venice International Film Festival on 7 September 1955 and was distributed in Italy through [[Titanus]].<ref name="Antonioni" /> The film did respectably well at the box office; two years later, it premiered in [[Paris]] with critical support by ''[[Positif (magazine)|Positif]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite book|title=L'avventura |last=Nowell-Smith |first=Geoffrey |publisher=Bloomsbury |page=19 |year=2019 |isbn=9780851705347}}</ref> In the US, it was not shown before Antonioni had established himself as a filmmaker of international prominence with ''[[L'Avventura|L'avventura]]'' (1960).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Motion Picture Guide |volume=5 |authorlink1=Jay Robert Nash |authorlink2=Stanley Ralph Ross |first1=Jay Robert |last1=Nash |first2=Stanley Ralph |last2=Ross |publisher=Cinebooks |year=1986 |page=1638}}</ref>
 
On the film's initial run, some critics, such as novelist [[Alberto Moravia]], commented on Antonioni's approach to his material as being restrained.<ref name="Pipolo" /> Nowadays, the majority of critics regard ''Le amiche'' as an important early work by the director, which foreshadows themes again explored in his later films, in ''L'avventura'' in particular,<ref name="Pipolo" /><ref name="soc">{{cite web|title=Le Amiche |first=Hugo |last=Santander Ferreira |date=March 2011 |issue=74 |url=https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2011/cteq/le-amiche/ |work=Senses of Cinema |access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Time Out Film Guide |edition=7 |year=1998 |last=Thompson |first=David |publisher=Penguin Books |page=26}}</ref><ref name="Feeney">{{cite web|title=The Girlfriends (Le Amiche) |url=http://archive.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2010/06/30/revisiting_the_girlfriends/ |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |authorlink=Mark Feeney |first=Mark |last=Feeney |date=30 June 2010 |access-date=5 January 2023}}</ref> such as the lack of emotional connection between the protagonists<ref name="soc" /> and the emptiness within them.<ref name="Feeney" />
 
==Awards==
* 1955: Venice International Film Festival – Silver Lion Award
* 1956: Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists – [[Nastro d'Argento|Silver Ribbon Award]] for Best Director (Michelangelo Antonioni)<ref name="Film_Prizes">{{cite book|title=International Film Prizes: An Encyclopedia |last=Hammer |first=Tad B. |year=1991 |publisher=Garland |page=256 |isbn=9780824070991}}</ref>
* 1956: Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists – Silver Ribbon Award for Best Supporting Actress (Valentina Cortese)<ref name="Film_Prizes" />
 
==Notes==
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==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0047821}}
* [{{cite web|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/movies/18amiche.html?scp=1&sq=antonioni&st=cse Review|title=Le atAmiche the|last=Scott |first=A.O. |authorlink=A. O. Scott |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 June 2010 |access-date=5 January 2023}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.villagevoice.com/2010/06/22/le-amiche/ |title=Le Amiche |authorlink=J. Hoberman |last=Hoberman |first=J. |work=[[The Village Voice]] |date=22 June 2010 |access-date=5 January 2023}}
* {{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/goings-on-about-town/movies/infinite-football |title=Le Amiche |last=Brody |first=Richard |authorlink=Richard Brody |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=25 May 2015 |access-date=5 January 2023}}
 
{{Michelangelo Antonioni}}
{{The Silver Lion (1953–1994)}}
{{Authority control}}
 
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