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'''Degehabur''' ({{lang-so|Dhagaxbuur}}
The Degehabur
Local landmarks include
==History==
[[File:Mosque.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The White Mosque]]
During the nineteenth century, Degehabur was an important stopping point for caravans crossing the [[Haud]] for [[Hargeisa]] and [[Berbera]] in [[Somalia]], but when Major H.G.C. Swayne travelled through the area in 1893, he found it abandoned and uses it as an example of the destruction caused by "the insecurity resulting from inter-tribal feuds." According to Swayne, at the time of his visit "there were formerly many square miles of ''[[sorghum|jowdri]]'' cultivation, which has been abandoned within the last few years, and now there is only left an immense area of stubble and the ruins of the village. Dagahbur used to be a thriving settlement of one thousand five hundred inhabitants ... now not a hut is left."<ref>Swayne, ''Seventeen Trips through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia'', third edition (London: Rowland Ward, 1903), pp. 25, 198</ref>
In the 1920s Degehabur started to recover. It was said that there were some two hundred villages within the distance of a day's travel and that these used the market at Degehabur. By 1931 there were motorable roads in five directions out from the town. Wealthy inhabitants had started erecting two-story buildings.<ref name="NAI-web">[http://130.238.24.99/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/d/ORTDEB2.pdf "Local History in Ethiopia"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227131228/http://130.238.24.99/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/d/ORTDEB2.pdf |date=2008-02-27 }} The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 20 November 2007)</ref> In 1927, Ethiopian soldiers attacked the British governor of Somaliland while he was in Degehabur on a hunting trip, killing eight of his bodyguards. The British Government protested but was met with little response from [[Ras Tafari]], who claimed that he was not able to keep some of his men in order.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Perham |first1=Margery |title=The Government of Ethiopia |pages=336 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.59376/page/n363/mode/2up?view=theater}}</ref>
Due to its strategic location, Degehabur used as by [[Dejazmach]] [[Nasibu Emmanual]] as his headquarters at the beginning of the [[Second Italo-Abyssinian War]]. Despite the construction of a series of fortifications south of the town, the Italians under General [[Rodolfo Graziani]] defeated the Ethiopian defenders in the [[Battle of the Ogaden]], and occupied Degehabur 30 April 1936.<ref>Mockler, pp. 127-9</ref> In the [[East African Campaign (World War II)|East African campaign]] in [[World War II]], the [[1st (West Africa) Infantry Brigade|Nigerian Brigade]] drove the Italians from the town in March 1941.<ref>Mockler, p. 365</ref>
Haji Ahmed nur Sheikh Mumin, [[imam]] of the Degehabur mosque, was one of those arrested in 1994 for supporting the [[Ogaden National Liberation Front]] (ONLF). [[Amnesty international]] reported in 1996 that he was still in prison waiting for court trial.<ref name="NAI-web" /> On 28 May 2007, during the celebration of [[Ethiopian calendar|Ginbot 20]] (celebrating the downfall of the [[Derg]]), Degehabur and [[Jijiga]] were the scenes of attacks on civilians and government officials. At least 16 people were killed and 67 injured; one of the injured was [[Abdulahi Hassan Mohammed]], president of the Somali Region, who was speaking at the ceremony. The Ethiopian government blamed the attack on the ONLF, who afterward denied responsibility for the attack.<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/75E9A636-0634-40CA-81BF-D1598386E18F.htm Many killed in Ethiopia attacks] (al Jazeera)</ref>
Partly in response to this attack, the Ethiopian Army began confiscating commercial vehicles that moved goods into the conflict-affected zones of Somali Region. In May 2007 the last major trade convoy left [[Hargeysa]], consisting of 18 trucks stocked with food items and clothing. This convoy stopped near Degehabur and all 18 trucks were confiscated by the army and taken to the military base in that town. At the end of September 2007, four months later, according to their owners, all 18 trucks were still impounded at the military base.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/en/node/62175/section/16 "Collective Punishment: 'Economic war': Confiscation of Livestock, the Trade Embargo, and Other Restrictions"], Human Rights Watch, 11 June 2008 (accessed 24 February 2009)</ref>
==Demographics==
Based on figures from the [[Central Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)|Central Statistical Agency]] in 2007, Degehabur has an estimated total population of 150 000 of whom 85 000 are men and 65 000 are women.<ref>[http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=274&format=raw&Itemid=521 CSA 2007 National Statistics] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114110154/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=274&format=raw&Itemid=521 |date=November 14, 2012 }}, Table 2.2</ref> The 1997 census reported this town had a total population of 28,708 of whom 14,976 were men and 13,732 women. The largest two ethnic groups reported in this town were the [[Somali people|Somali]] (98.45%), all other ethnic groups made up the remaining 1.55% of the residents.<ref>[http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf ''2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Somali Region, Vol. 1''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214221803/http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf |date=February 14, 2012 }} Tables 2.4, 2.13, 2.14 (accessed 28 February 2011).</ref>
==Education==
'''Cumar Binu Khadaab'''
One of the first private schools in Degehabur, Jarar is Cumar Binu khadaab primary and secondary schools. It was established in the 2008-2009 academic year and was started with only four grades, grades one to four. The number of enrolled students in the second year of the school was massive and suddenly the school became popular in and around the town. The school’s population and popularity grew in such a short period of time. As for now, in 2023, the school has two primary schools, and a secondary school, and is in the process of making a university. The two classes that this school offers that are not taught in other schools are Arabic and Islamic Studies. This is because non-Muslim students attend other schools but this school is for Muslims.
==Notes==
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[[Category:Populated places in the Somali Region]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Ethiopia]]
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