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{{refimprove|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict=Assyrian conquest of Elam
|partof=[[Wars of Neo-Assyria]]
|image=Destruction of the Elamite city of Hamanu 645-635 BCE.jpg
|caption=[[Ashurbanipal]]'s campaign against Elam is triumphantly recorded in this relief showing the destruction of the city of [[Hamanu]]. Here, flames rise from the city as Assyrian soldiers topple it with pickaxes and crowbars and carry off the spoils. 645-635 BCE. [[British Museum]] BM 124919.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wall panel; relief British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1856-0909-52 |website=The British Museum |language=en}}</ref>
|date=655 BC - 639 BC
|place= South [[Mesopotamia]], [[Elam]]
|result=
|combatant1=[[
|combatant2= [[Elam]]
|commander1=King [[Esarhaddon]]<br>King [[Assurbanipal]]
|commander2=King [[
|strength1= Unknown
|strength2= Unknown, presumed equal at first before declining
|casualties1=Unknown
|casualties2=
}}
{{Battles involving Assyria}}
The
==Background==
Clashes between the [[Elamites]] and the Assyrians had been ongoing for many years prior to 721 BC, the first recorded conflict between Elamites and Assyrians. For many centuries before that, the Elamites had made it a habit of intervening in
After a failed attack on Babylon in 655 BC, Elamite power soon began to collapse. ==Campaign against Elam==
In 648 BC, the Elamite city of Susa was razed to the ground; it was to be a terrible portent of events to come. In 639 BC, the Assyrians moved their entire army from the west to destroy their enemies
===Collapse of Elam===
The defeats inflicted by Assyria on Elamite offensives were one of many problems facing the Elamites; civil war had erupted in the land, whilst her northern borders were being overrun by the Persians. In 639 BC,
{{cquote|For a distance of a month and twenty-five days' journey I devastated the provinces of Elam. Salt and sihlu I scattered over them... The dust of Susa, Madaktu, Haltemash and the rest of the cities I gathered together and took to Assyria... The noise of people, the tread of cattle and sheep, the glad shouts of rejoicing, I banished from its fields. Wild asses, gazelles and all kinds of beasts of the plain I caused to lie down among them, as if at home.|author=Ashurbanipal<ref name="Healy54">{{cite book|last=Healy|first=Mark|title=The Ancient Assyrians|location=New York|publisher= Osprey|year=1991|pages=54}}</ref>}}
With Elam destroyed, the Assyrians returned to find their
[[File:Battle of Ulai, Elam, 653 BCE, British Museum.jpg|thumb|center|upright=4|Relief of the [[Battle of Ulai]], [[British Museum]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Wall panel; relief British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1851-0902-8-b |website=The British Museum |language=en}}</ref>]]
==See also==
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{{reflist}}
{{coord missing|Iran}}
[[Category:650s BC]]
[[Category:640s BC]]
[[Category:639 BC]]
[[Category:7th-century BC conflicts]]
[[Category:Battles involving Assyria|Elam]]
[[Category:7th century BC in Assyria]]
[[Category:Elam]]
[[Category:Esarhaddon]]
[[Category:Ashurbanipal]]
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