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<!-- This article is a part of the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
▲ |type = [[Wide-body aircraft|Wide-body]] [[jet airliner]]
▲ |national origin = United States
| first_flight = 747-8F: February 8, 2010 <br />747-8I: March 20, 2011
▲ |manufacturer = [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes]]
| primary_user = [[UPS Airlines]]<!--Limit one (1) primary user. Top 4 users listed in 'primary user' and 'more users' fields based on number of their fleets. -->
▲ |status = In service
▲ |produced= 2008–2023
▲ |number built = 155<!-- combined number -8Fs and -8Is have been completed/flown & delivered — per WP:AIR consensus. -->
| variants = [[Boeing VC-25B]]<br/>[[Survivable Airborne Operations Center]] (SAOC)
▲ |developed from = [[Boeing 747-400]]
}}
The '''Boeing 747-8''' is the final series of the large, long-range [[Wide-body aircraft|wide-body airliners]] in the [[Boeing 747]] family from [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes]]. The 747-8 is the largest variant of the 747 and [[Boeing]]'s largest aircraft.
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[[File:Main landing gear of 747-8F.jpg|thumb|The 747-8 landing gear configuration is the same as on earlier 747 versions.]]
On July 21, 2009, Boeing released a photograph of the first cargo airplane, its fuselage and main wing assembled.<ref name="747-8F_Takes_Shape">[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-07-21-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Takes-Shape "First Boeing 747-8 Freighter Takes Shape"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222093922/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-07-21-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Takes-Shape |date=December 22, 2015}}. Boeing, July 21, 2009.</ref> In October 2009, Boeing announced that it had delayed the first flight on the 747-8 until the first quarter of 2010 and delayed 747-8I delivery. The company took a US$1-billion charge against its earnings for this delay.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article6863833.ece |work= The Times |location= London |title= Boeing takes 1bn charge as further problems beset 747-8 jumbo jet |date= October 7, 2009 |access-date= April 26, 2010 |first= Alexandra |last= Frean |archive-date= June 12, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110612190221/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article6863833.ece |url-status=
On December 4, 2009, [[Korean Air]] became the second airline customer for the −8I passenger model, with an order for five airliners.<ref name="Boeing_KAL_order">[http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boeing-korean-air-announce-order-for-new-747-8-intercontinental-78568857.html "Boeing, Korean Air Announce Order for New 747-8 Intercontinental"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222162234/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boeing-korean-air-announce-order-for-new-747-8-intercontinental-78568857.html |date=December 22, 2015}}. Boeing, December 4, 2009.</ref><ref name="FG_KAL_order">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091207092904/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/12/04/335805/kal-orders-five-boeing-747-8-passenger-aircraft.html "KAL orders five Boeing 747-8 passenger aircraft"]. Air Transport Intelligence news via FlightGlobal.com, December 4, 2009.</ref> On January 8, 2010, [[Guggenheim Aviation Partners]] (GAP) announced the reduction of its −8F order from four to two aircraft.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100112144010/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/01/08/336951/guggenheim-cancels-orders-for-two-boeing-747-8fs.html "Guggenheim cancels orders for two Boeing 747-8Fs"]. Air Transport Intelligence news via FlightGlobal.com, January 8, 2010.</ref> In March 2011, Korean Air converted options into a firm order for two additional −8 freighters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/18/354507/korean-air-firms-up-two-additional-747-8f-options.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323054135/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/18/354507/korean-air-firms-up-two-additional-747-8f-options.html |archive-date=2011-03-23 |title=Korean Air firms up two additional 747-8F options |date=March 18, 2011 |work=Flight International |access-date=March 18, 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/ /index.php?s=43&item=1673 "Boeing, Korean Air Announce Order for Two 747-8 Freighters"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207162503/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/ |date=February 7, 2011}}. Boeing, March 18, 2011.</ref> It received its first -8i in late August 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines/korean-air-takes-delivery-its-first-boeing-747-8i |title=Korean Air takes delivery of its first Boeing 747-8I |publisher=atwonline.com |access-date=September 1, 2016 |archive-date=September 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920125255/http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines/korean-air-takes-delivery-its-first-boeing-747-8i |url-status=live}}</ref>
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The overall demand for the 747-8 turned out to be below Boeing's initial projections as well, which led to several reductions in production rate. Production was initially decreased from 2 to 1.75 aircraft per month in April 2013 and then reduced further to 1.5 aircraft per month in October 2013.<ref>Trimble, Stephen. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-cuts-747-8-production-to-15-per-month-391893/ "Boeing cuts 747-8 production to 1.5 per month"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208062103/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-cuts-747-8-production-to-15-per-month-391893/ |date=February 8, 2016}}. ''[[Flight Global]]'', October 18, 2013. Accessed: February 7, 2016.</ref> On June 25, 2015, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' reported that the order backlog was down to 32 and Boeing had decided to reduce production to one aircraft per month in 2016.<ref>Ostrower, Jon, "[https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-jumbo-jets-1418144381 Boeing to cut jet production as sales weaken] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207160449/http://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-jumbo-jets-1418144381 |date=December 7, 2016}}", ''The Wall Street Journal'', June 25, 2015, p. B3.</ref> In January 2016, Boeing confirmed that it was reducing 747-8 production to 0.5 per month beginning in September 2016, incurring a $569 million post-tax charge against its fourth-quarter 2015 profits. The chief reason given was that the recovery of the air cargo market had stalled, resulting in slowed demand for the 747 freighter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2016/Boeing-to-Reduce-747-Production-Rate-Recognize-Fourth-Quarter-Charge/default.aspx |title=Boeing to Reduce 747 Production Rate, Recognize Fourth-Quarter Charge |date=January 21, 2016 |publisher=Boeing |access-date=July 27, 2016 |archive-date=August 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808063736/http://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2016/Boeing-to-Reduce-747-Production-Rate-Recognize-Fourth-Quarter-Charge/default.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-747s-1453412741 |title=Boeing to Cut Production of 747s |date=January 22, 2016 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |access-date=March 5, 2017 |archive-date=January 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105222929/http://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-747s-1453412741 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Boeing cited the 747-8F as the main driver behind potential future 747-8 orders.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topspeed.com/aviation/aviation-reviews/boeing/2011-boeing-747-8-ar86257.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140121214039/http://www.topspeed.com/aviation/aviation-reviews/boeing/2011-boeing-747-8-ar86257.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 21, 2014 |title=2011 Boeing 747-8 |author=Julia Baciu |date=March 25, 2010 |work=Top Speed |access-date=April 1, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zacks.com/stock/news/103687/Boeing-Gets-Twin-7478-Orders |title=Boeing Gets Twin 747-8 Orders |date=April 1, 2015 |work=Zacks Investment Research |access-date=April 1, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203073102/http://www.zacks.com/stock/news/103687/Boeing-Gets-Twin-7478-Orders |archive-date=February 3, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/16/travel/lufthansa-747-8-intercontinental/ |title=Boeing's new 747-8 Intercontinental: Same same, but different |date=April 16, 2013 |website=CNN.com |access-date=April 1, 2015 |archive-date=March 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317052906/http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/16/travel/lufthansa-747-8-intercontinental |url-status=live}}</ref> To help reduce production costs in the meantime and maintain the 747 production line's viability, the company plans to integrate the 747 and 767 production lines more closely with each other.<ref>Norris, Guy. "Building Bridges", ''Aviation Week & Space Technology'', April 25-May 8, 2016, p. 27.</ref> Boeing expected the cargo market to improve by mid-2019 and were planning to increase the 747's production rate back to 1/month from then on. However, in July 2016, this production rate increase was cancelled, i.e. 747 production remained at 0.5 per month. At the same time, the company announced another after-tax charge of $814 million, reflecting a lower estimation of airframes to be produced and revenue realized.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2016-07-21-Boeing-to-Recognize-Cost-Reclassification-and-Charges-to-Second-Quarter-Earnings|title=Boeing to Recognize Cost Reclassification and Charges to Second-Quarter Earnings|date=Jul 27, 2016|publisher=Boeing|access-date=July 22, 2016|archive-date=July 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727004457/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2016-07-21-Boeing-to-Recognize-Cost-Reclassification-and-Charges-to-Second-Quarter-Earnings|url-status=live}}</ref> In an [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission|SEC]] filing submitted at the same time, Boeing stated that if it was "unable to obtain sufficient orders and/or market, production and other risks cannot be mitigated, [...] it is reasonably possible that we could decide to end production of the 747."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://leehamnews.com/2016/07/27/747-production-may-end-boeing/ |title=747 production may end: Boeing |author=Scott Hamilton |date=July 27, 2016 |work=Leehamnews.com |access-date=July 27, 2016 |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914132635/https://leehamnews.com/2016/07/27/747-production-may-end-boeing/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:747-8I (N6067E) takeoff.jpg|thumb|The prototype Boeing 747-8I during takeoff]]
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The wing of the passenger version holds {{cvt|64225|USgal|m3|0}} of jet fuel, and that of the cargo aircraft {{cvt|60925|USgal|m3|0}}.<ref name="747-8_specs" /> Compared to the 747-400 and an intermediate 747 Advanced concept, the extra fuel capacity in the redesigned wing allowed Boeing to avoid adding costly new tanks to the [[Tailplane|horizontal tail]].<ref name="FlugRevue1" /> The 747-8's [[vertical tail]] unit is largely unchanged, with a height of {{cvt|63|ft|6|in|m}}.<ref name="747-8_specs" />
The [[General Electric GEnx]] is the only engine available for the {{not a typo|747-8}}. Unlike the GEnx introduced on the 787,
==Variants==
===747-8 Freighter===
[[File:UPS Boeing 747-8F N611UP.jpg|alt=A white, black and yellow four-engined wide-body cargo jetliner about to land|thumb|A Boeing 747-8 Freighter of [[UPS Airlines]], its largest operator.]]
The 747-400 and earlier versions had proven to be a very popular [[Freight aircraft|freighter]], carrying around half of the world's air freight.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121011082258/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/747family/freighter/ Boeing 747-400 Freighter Family: The World's Best Freighters]." Boeing.</ref> To maintain this position, Boeing designed a freight variant of the {{not a typo|747-8}}, named the ''747-8 Freighter'' or 747-8F. The company launched the freighter version on November 14, 2005.<ref>[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family "Boeing Launches New 747-8 Family"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054840/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family |date=September 21, 2013}}. Boeing, November 14, 2005.</ref> The 747-8F is the initial model to enter service. As on the 747-400F, the upper deck is shorter than passenger models; the {{convert|18|ft|3+1/2|in|m|adj=on}} stretch is just before and just aft of the wing. The 747-8 Freighter was designed with a {{cvt|975000|lb|t}} [[maximum take-off weight]] with a [[payload (air and space craft)|payload]] capability of {{cvt|308000|lb|t}} and a range of {{cvt|4390|nmi}}.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110701084707/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/747family/747-8_facts.html Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental and 747-8 Freighter]. Boeing.</ref> Four extra pallet spaces were created on the main deck, with either two extra [[Unit Load Device|containers]] and two extra [[pallet]]s, or three extra pallets, on the lower deck.<ref name="747-8F_Takes_Shape" /> The 747-8F is expected to have a 16% lower ton-mile operating cost than the 747-400F and offer a slightly greater range.<ref name="Boe_747-8_backgd">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150208083308/http://www.boeing.com/boeing/commercial/747family/747-8_background.page Boeing 747-8 Family background]. Boeing.</ref>
[[Cargolux]] and [[Nippon Cargo Airlines]] were the first customers for the {{not a typo|747-8}}, placing orders for the freighter variant in November 2005.<ref name="747_O_D_summ" /> The firm configuration of the aircraft was finalized in October 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2006-10-31-Boeing-Completes-Firm-Configuration-of-747-8-Freighter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110052246/http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2006/q4/061030g_nr.html|archive-date=2006-11-10 |title=Boeing Completes Firm Configuration of 747-8 Freighter |publisher=Boeing.com |date=October 31, 2006 |access-date=2012-07-14}}</ref> Major assembly of the aircraft began on August 8, 2008,<ref name="Prog" /> and the aircraft first left Boeing's Everett factory on November 12, 2009.<ref>[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-11-12-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Leaves-Factory First Boeing 747-8 Freighter Leaves Factory] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113171114/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-11-12-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Leaves-Factory |date=January 13, 2016}}. Boeing</ref> The first aircraft was delivered on October 12, 2011, to Cargolux.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2011-10-12-Boeing-Delivers-First-747-8-Freighter-to-Cargolux |title=Boeing Delivers First 747-8 Freighter to Cargolux – Oct 12, 2011 |publisher=Boeing.mediaroom.com |date=October 12, 2011 |access-date=2012-07-14 |archive-date=February 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217002045/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2011-10-12-Boeing-Delivers-First-747-8-Freighter-to-Cargolux |url-status=live}}</ref> At its six-month service mark, Boeing announced that initial 747-8F operators had achieved a 1-percent reduction in fuel burn over projections.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boeingblogs.com/randy/archives/2012/04/proof_of_performance_1.html |title=Proof of Performance |publisher=Boeingblogs.com |access-date=2012-07-14 |archive-date=April 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407205132/http://boeingblogs.com/randy/archives/2012/04/proof_of_performance_1.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
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===747-8 Intercontinental===
[[File:
The passenger version, named ''747-8 Intercontinental'' or 747-8I was formally launched on November 14, 2005, by Boeing.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family |title=Boeing Launches New 747-8 Family |date= November 14, 2005 |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054840/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family |url-status=live}}</ref> It can carry up to 467 passengers in a typical three-class configuration over a range of {{cvt|8000|nmi}} at [[Mach number|Mach]] 0.855. The 747-8I can carry 51 more passengers and two more freight [[Unit Load Device|pallets]] with 26% more cargo volume than the {{not a typo|747-400}}.<ref name="Boe_747-8_backgd" /> Initial plans were for a shorter stretch of {{convert|140|in|m|abbr=on}}, compared to {{convert|220|in|m|abbr=on}} on the freighter model, but the two variants were eventually offered with the same length to increase passenger capacity, while decreasing range.<ref name="Boeing1">{{citation|author1-last=Baseler|author1-first=Randy|title=Added revenue|url=http://www.boeing.com/randy/archives/2006/10/added_revenue.html|date=October 16, 2006|website=Randy's Journal (at Boeing website)|access-date=February 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021092515/http://www.boeing.com/randy/archives/2006/10/added_revenue.html|archive-date=October 21, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="FlightGlobal1">{{citation|author1-last=Kingsley-Jones|author1-first=Max|author2-last=Norris|author2-first=Guy|title=Emirates questions Boeing decision for larger passenger variant of 747-8 Intercontinental, preferring original longer-range proposal|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/emirates-questions-boeing-decision-for-larger-passenger-variant-of-747-8-intercontinental-preferring-original-longer-range-proposal/70220.article|date=October 24, 2006|website=[[FlightGlobal]] website|access-date=February 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222194356/https://www.flightglobal.com/emirates-questions-boeing-decision-for-larger-passenger-variant-of-747-8-intercontinental-preferring-original-longer-range-proposal/70220.article|archive-date=February 22, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>[[British Airways]] supported this change, while [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]] was disappointed as only the shorter concept would have allowed them to fill all seats when flying long non-stop routes like Dubai to Los Angeles.<ref name="FlightGlobal1" />
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On August 1, 2017, ''Defense One'' reported that to pay less for the replacement program, the U.S. Air Force purchased two undelivered 747-8Is ordered by a bankrupt Russian firm ([[Transaero]]); the aircraft had been stored in the [[Mojave Desert]] to prevent corrosion. [[Boeing]] and the Air Force will retrofit these aircraft with telecommunications and advanced security equipment for the required security level needed by presidential aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.defenseone.com/business/2017/08/russian-air-force-one-boeing-trump-747/139872/?oref=d-topstory |title=Trump Wanted a Cheaper Air Force One. So the USAF Is Buying a Bankrupt Russian Firm's Undelivered 747s |work=Defense One |access-date=2017-08-02 |archive-date=August 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802165013/http://www.defenseone.com/business/2017/08/russian-air-force-one-boeing-trump-747/139872/?oref=d-topstory |url-status=live}}</ref>
On February 27, 2018, the [[White House]] announced a fixed-price contract worth $3.9 billion (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=3900000000|start_year=2018}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) for the development of two new 747-8I-based VC-25B aircraft to replace the aging VC-25A aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-air-force-one-20180227-story.html |title=White House signs $3.9-billion deal to buy two new Air Force One planes |work=Los Angeles Times |date=2018-02-27 |access-date=2018-08-13 |archive-date=August 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814071233/http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-air-force-one-20180227-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2020, modifications started at Boeing's [[San Antonio, Texas]] facility, including lower lobe doors and internal [[airstair]]s, to be delivered by December 2024.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/fixed-wing/boeing-starts-air-force-one-modifications-of-747-8/137197.article |title= Boeing starts 'Air Force One' modifications of 747-8 |author= Garrett Reim |date= 11 March 2020 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= March 13, 2020 |archive-date= March 15, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200315213259/https://www.flightglobal.com/fixed-wing/boeing-starts-air-force-one-modifications-of-747-8/137197.article |url-status= live}}</ref>
===Survivable Airborne Operations Center===
{{see also|Survivable Airborne Operations Center}}
In April 2024, [[Sierra Nevada Corporation]] was awarded a contract to develop and build the [[Survivable Airborne Operations Center]] (SAOC) aircraft to replace the [[Boeing E-4|Boeing E-4 NAOC]]. Five 747-8Is were purchased from [[Korean Air]] for conversion, with the contract calling for nine in total.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/business/korean-air-sells-five-jets-us-aerospace-firm-sierra-nevada-4321311 | title=Korean Air sells five jets to US aerospace firm Sierra Nevada }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://theaviationist.com/2024/04/27/sierra-nevada-saoc-announcement/ | title=Sierra Nevada Corporation Will Build E-4B 'Doomsday' Plane Replacement | date=April 27, 2024 }}</ref>
==Operators==
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[[File:Boeing 747-8 - Qatar Airways Cargo AN4867387.jpg|thumb|A 747-8F of [[Qatar Airways Cargo]] taking off from [[Frankfurt Airport]] in 2018.]]
In July 2018, there were 110 Boeing 747-8 aircraft in airline service with [[Lufthansa]] (19), [[Korean Air]] (17), [[Cargolux]] (14), [[Cathay Pacific|Cathay Pacific Cargo]] (14), [[AirBridgeCargo Airlines]] (11), [[UPS Airlines]] (7), [[Polar Air Cargo]] (7), [[Air China]] (7), [[Silk Way West Airlines]] (5), [[Atlas Air]] (3), [[Qatar Airways|Qatar Airways Cargo]] (2), [[Nippon Cargo Airlines]] (1), and [[CargoLogicAir]] (1).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536 |title=World Airline Census 2018 |date=2018 |website=Flightglobal.com |language=en-GB |access-date=2018-08-21 |archive-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106212640/https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536 |url-status=live}}</ref><!-- Updates or changes here require a newer reference. List is dated July 2017. --> Previous operators include [[Global Supply Systems]], a contractor of [[British Airways]],<ref>[http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/01/18/british-airways-to-return-three-gss-boeing-747-8-freighters-to-atlas-air-worldwide-holdings-in-april/ British Airways to return freighters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113171115/http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/01/18/british-airways-to-return-three-gss-boeing-747-8-freighters-to-atlas-air-worldwide-holdings-in-april/ |date=January 13, 2016}}. worldairlinenews.com, January 18, 2014.</ref> as well as [[Saudia Cargo]].{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
Boeing 747-8I aircraft in special VIP configuration for state leaders have also been ordered. The [[Qatar Amiri Flight]] received three VIP Boeing 747-8Is. The [[Government of Kuwait|State of Kuwait]] received one VIP {{not a typo|747-8}} in 2012. The [[Royal Flight of Oman]] received one VIP {{not a typo|747-8}} in 2012. The [[Brunei]] Government received a VIP 747-8I in 2016. The [[Morocco]] Government received one VIP 747-8I in 2017. Worldwide Aircraft Holding operated one VIP 747-8 that was sold to the Government of [[Turkey]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-09/14/c_137468434.htm|title=Qatari emir gifts Turkey's Erdogan luxurious Boeing 747-8 jet - Xinhua - English.news.cn|website=www.xinhuanet.com|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-date=March 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331065536/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-09/14/c_137468434.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> One VIP 747-8I was received by the government of [[Saudi Arabia]], and is used by [[Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia|Crown Prince]] [[Mohammed bin Salman]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2018/03/25/greenpoint-tech-aerolofts-boeing-747-8i-bin-salman.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=November 10, 2018 |archive-date=October 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022123103/https://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2018/03/25/greenpoint-tech-aerolofts-boeing-747-8i-bin-salman.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite
The final 747, a 747-8F destined for Atlas Air, was rolled out on December 6, 2022, marking the end to over 50 years of 747 production.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boeing's Final 747 Rolls Out of Washington State Factory |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/boeing-s-last-747-rolls-out-of-washington-state-factory-/6867367.html |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=VOA |date=December 7, 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
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On September 11, 2012, an [[AirBridgeCargo Airlines|AirBridgeCargo]] 747-8F experienced a major engine malfunction that spread a significant amount of metallic debris on the runway. Like in a similar event with the [[GEnx|GEnx Engine]] during pre-flight taxi tests on a [[Boeing 787 Dreamliner|Boeing 787]], the low-pressure turbine shaft separated and shifted backwards, damaging the low pressure turbine blades and vanes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=455c2b52&opt=0 |author=Simon Hradecky |title=Incident: Air Bridge Cargo B748 at Shanghai on Sep 11th 2012, rejected takeoff}}</ref> The NTSB issued urgent safety recommendations to the FAA to require ultrasonic scans for midshaft fractures before use of GEnx engines and require repetitive on-wing inspections of the engine to detect cracks.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NTSB_issues_urgent_recommendations_for_GEnx-1B_and_-2B_engines.aspx |title=NTSB issues urgent recommendations for GEnx-1B and -2B engines |access-date=December 27, 2019 |archive-date=December 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227102454/https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NTSB_issues_urgent_recommendations_for_GEnx-1B_and_-2B_engines.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref>
On July 31, 2013, an AirBridgeCargo 747-8F experienced core engine icing that caused engine malfunctions and damage to three engines near [[Chengdu, China]], while en route to [[Hong Kong]]; the aircraft landed safely at its destination. Boeing and General Electric
==Specifications==
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! Accommodation{{rp|13–14}}
| 467 (356 Y, {{#expr:50+37}} J, 24 F)
| {{#expr:27+5+2+12}}
|-
! Exit limit<ref name="TCDS">{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/misc/A20WE.pdf |title= Type Certificate data sheet No. A20WE |date= October 5, 2016 |publisher= FAA}}</ref>
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|-
! [[Wing]]
| colspan=2 | {{Convert|554|m2|abbr=on|ft2|order=flip}},<ref name="flight-tech-desc">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/in-focus-boeing-747-8-technical-description-and-cutaway/107801.article |title= Boeing 747-8 technical description & cutaway |date= 13 November 2012 |work= Flight Global}}</ref> [[Swept wing|sweep]]
|-
! [[Aircraft cabin|Cabin]] width{{rp|17}}
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{{externalvideo|video1= [https://web.archive.org/web/20110115012103/http://www.boeing.com/Features/2011/01/bca_747-8i_01_12_11.html First "flight" of 747-8 Intercontinental] |video2= [https://web.archive.org/web/20110213050944/http://www.newairplane.com/747/incredible/? 747-8 Intercontinental rollout ceremony webcast]}}
* [http://www.boeing.com/boeing/commercial/747family/747-8_background.page Boeing 747-8 on Boeing.com]
* [http://www.newairplane.com/747/ Boeing 747-8, The Shape of the Future on NewAirplane.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209035412/http://www.newairplane.com/747/ |date=December 9, 2010 }}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/2010_q3/2/ |title= 747-8 Offers Operational Improvements and Cross-Model Commonality |work= AERO magazine |publisher= Boeing |date= July–September 2010}}
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