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<!-- This article is a part of the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
| name = Boeing 747-8
| image = File:D-ABYT at FRA.jpg<!--Please do not change the main image without a talk page discussion. -->
| caption = A [[Lufthansa]] 747-8I wearing 1970s heritage livery seen at [[Frankfurt International Airport]] in 2018.
| type = [[Wide-body aircraft|Wide-body]] [[jet airliner]]
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| manufacturer = [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes]]
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| status =
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| produced = 2008–2023
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The '''Boeing 747-8''' is the final series of the large, long-range [[Wide-body aircraft|wide-body airliners]] in the [[Boeing 747]] family from [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes]]. The 747-8 is the largest variant of the 747 and [[Boeing]]'s largest aircraft.
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[[File:Main landing gear of 747-8F.jpg|thumb|The 747-8 landing gear configuration is the same as on earlier 747 versions.]]
On July 21, 2009, Boeing released a photograph of the first cargo airplane, its fuselage and main wing assembled.<ref name="747-8F_Takes_Shape">[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-07-21-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Takes-Shape "First Boeing 747-8 Freighter Takes Shape"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222093922/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-07-21-First-Boeing-747-8-Freighter-Takes-Shape |date=December 22, 2015}}. Boeing, July 21, 2009.</ref> In October 2009, Boeing announced that it had delayed the first flight on the 747-8 until the first quarter of 2010 and delayed 747-8I delivery. The company took a US$1-billion charge against its earnings for this delay.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article6863833.ece |work= The Times |location= London |title= Boeing takes 1bn charge as further problems beset 747-8 jumbo jet |date= October 7, 2009 |access-date= April 26, 2010 |first= Alexandra |last= Frean |archive-date= June 12, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110612190221/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article6863833.ece |url-status=
On December 4, 2009, [[Korean Air]] became the second airline customer for the −8I passenger model, with an order for five airliners.<ref name="Boeing_KAL_order">[http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boeing-korean-air-announce-order-for-new-747-8-intercontinental-78568857.html "Boeing, Korean Air Announce Order for New 747-8 Intercontinental"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222162234/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boeing-korean-air-announce-order-for-new-747-8-intercontinental-78568857.html |date=December 22, 2015}}. Boeing, December 4, 2009.</ref><ref name="FG_KAL_order">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091207092904/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/12/04/335805/kal-orders-five-boeing-747-8-passenger-aircraft.html "KAL orders five Boeing 747-8 passenger aircraft"]. Air Transport Intelligence news via FlightGlobal.com, December 4, 2009.</ref> On January 8, 2010, [[Guggenheim Aviation Partners]] (GAP) announced the reduction of its −8F order from four to two aircraft.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100112144010/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/01/08/336951/guggenheim-cancels-orders-for-two-boeing-747-8fs.html "Guggenheim cancels orders for two Boeing 747-8Fs"]. Air Transport Intelligence news via FlightGlobal.com, January 8, 2010.</ref> In March 2011, Korean Air converted options into a firm order for two additional −8 freighters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/18/354507/korean-air-firms-up-two-additional-747-8f-options.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323054135/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/03/18/354507/korean-air-firms-up-two-additional-747-8f-options.html |archive-date=2011-03-23 |title=Korean Air firms up two additional 747-8F options |date=March 18, 2011 |work=Flight International |access-date=March 18, 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/ /index.php?s=43&item=1673 "Boeing, Korean Air Announce Order for Two 747-8 Freighters"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207162503/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/ |date=February 7, 2011}}. Boeing, March 18, 2011.</ref> It received its first -8i in late August 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines/korean-air-takes-delivery-its-first-boeing-747-8i |title=Korean Air takes delivery of its first Boeing 747-8I |publisher=atwonline.com |access-date=September 1, 2016 |archive-date=September 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920125255/http://atwonline.com/aircraft-engines/korean-air-takes-delivery-its-first-boeing-747-8i |url-status=live}}</ref>
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The overall demand for the 747-8 turned out to be below Boeing's initial projections as well, which led to several reductions in production rate. Production was initially decreased from 2 to 1.75 aircraft per month in April 2013 and then reduced further to 1.5 aircraft per month in October 2013.<ref>Trimble, Stephen. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-cuts-747-8-production-to-15-per-month-391893/ "Boeing cuts 747-8 production to 1.5 per month"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208062103/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-cuts-747-8-production-to-15-per-month-391893/ |date=February 8, 2016}}. ''[[Flight Global]]'', October 18, 2013. Accessed: February 7, 2016.</ref> On June 25, 2015, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' reported that the order backlog was down to 32 and Boeing had decided to reduce production to one aircraft per month in 2016.<ref>Ostrower, Jon, "[https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-jumbo-jets-1418144381 Boeing to cut jet production as sales weaken] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207160449/http://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-jumbo-jets-1418144381 |date=December 7, 2016}}", ''The Wall Street Journal'', June 25, 2015, p. B3.</ref> In January 2016, Boeing confirmed that it was reducing 747-8 production to 0.5 per month beginning in September 2016, incurring a $569 million post-tax charge against its fourth-quarter 2015 profits. The chief reason given was that the recovery of the air cargo market had stalled, resulting in slowed demand for the 747 freighter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2016/Boeing-to-Reduce-747-Production-Rate-Recognize-Fourth-Quarter-Charge/default.aspx |title=Boeing to Reduce 747 Production Rate, Recognize Fourth-Quarter Charge |date=January 21, 2016 |publisher=Boeing |access-date=July 27, 2016 |archive-date=August 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808063736/http://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2016/Boeing-to-Reduce-747-Production-Rate-Recognize-Fourth-Quarter-Charge/default.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-747s-1453412741 |title=Boeing to Cut Production of 747s |date=January 22, 2016 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |access-date=March 5, 2017 |archive-date=January 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105222929/http://www.wsj.com/articles/boeing-to-cut-production-of-747s-1453412741 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Boeing cited the 747-8F as the main driver behind potential future 747-8 orders.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.topspeed.com/aviation/aviation-reviews/boeing/2011-boeing-747-8-ar86257.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140121214039/http://www.topspeed.com/aviation/aviation-reviews/boeing/2011-boeing-747-8-ar86257.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 21, 2014 |title=2011 Boeing 747-8 |author=Julia Baciu |date=March 25, 2010 |work=Top Speed |access-date=April 1, 2015
[[File:747-8I (N6067E) takeoff.jpg|thumb|The prototype Boeing 747-8I during takeoff]]
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The wing of the passenger version holds {{cvt|64225|USgal|m3|0}} of jet fuel, and that of the cargo aircraft {{cvt|60925|USgal|m3|0}}.<ref name="747-8_specs" /> Compared to the 747-400 and an intermediate 747 Advanced concept, the extra fuel capacity in the redesigned wing allowed Boeing to avoid adding costly new tanks to the [[Tailplane|horizontal tail]].<ref name="FlugRevue1" /> The 747-8's [[vertical tail]] unit is largely unchanged, with a height of {{cvt|63|ft|6|in|m}}.<ref name="747-8_specs" />
The [[General Electric GEnx]] is the only engine available for the {{not a typo|747-8}}. Unlike the GEnx introduced on the 787,
==Variants==
===747-8 Freighter===
[[File:UPS Boeing 747-8F N611UP.jpg|alt=A white, black and yellow four-engined wide-body cargo jetliner about to land|thumb|A Boeing 747-8 Freighter of [[UPS Airlines]], its largest operator.]]
The 747-400 and earlier versions had proven to be a very popular [[Freight aircraft|freighter]], carrying around half of the world's air freight.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121011082258/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/747family/freighter/ Boeing 747-400 Freighter Family: The World's Best Freighters]." Boeing.</ref> To maintain this position, Boeing designed a freight variant of the {{not a typo|747-8}}, named the ''747-8 Freighter'' or 747-8F. The company launched the freighter version on November 14, 2005.<ref>[http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family "Boeing Launches New 747-8 Family"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054840/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-11-14-Boeing-Launches-New-747-8-Family |date=September 21, 2013}}. Boeing, November 14, 2005.</ref> The 747-8F is the initial model to enter service. As on the 747-400F, the upper deck is shorter than passenger models; the {{convert|18|ft|3+1/2|in|m|adj=on}} stretch is just before and just aft of the wing. The 747-8 Freighter was designed with a {{cvt|975000|lb|t}} [[maximum take-off weight]] with a [[payload (air and space craft)|payload]] capability of {{cvt|308000|lb|t}} and a range of {{cvt|4390|nmi}}.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110701084707/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/747family/747-8_facts.html Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental and 747-8 Freighter]. Boeing.</ref> Four extra pallet spaces were created on the main deck, with either two extra [[Unit Load Device|containers]] and two extra [[pallet]]s, or three extra pallets, on the lower deck.<ref name="747-8F_Takes_Shape" /> The 747-8F is expected to have a 16% lower ton-mile operating cost than the 747-400F and offer a slightly greater range.<ref name="Boe_747-8_backgd">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150208083308/http://www.boeing.com/boeing/commercial/747family/747-8_background.page Boeing 747-8 Family background]. Boeing.</ref>
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===Survivable Airborne Operations Center===
{{see also|Survivable Airborne Operations Center}}
In April 2024, [[Sierra Nevada Corporation]] was awarded a contract to develop and build the [[Survivable Airborne Operations Center]] (SAOC) aircraft to replace the [[Boeing E-4|Boeing E-4 NAOC]]. Five 747-8Is were purchased from [[Korean Air]] for conversion, with the contract calling for nine in total.<ref>
==Operators==
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[[File:Boeing 747-8 - Qatar Airways Cargo AN4867387.jpg|thumb|A 747-8F of [[Qatar Airways Cargo]] taking off from [[Frankfurt Airport]] in 2018.]]
In July 2018, there were 110 Boeing 747-8 aircraft in airline service with [[Lufthansa]] (19), [[Korean Air]] (17), [[Cargolux]] (14), [[Cathay Pacific|Cathay Pacific Cargo]] (14), [[AirBridgeCargo Airlines]] (11), [[UPS Airlines]] (7), [[Polar Air Cargo]] (7), [[Air China]] (7), [[Silk Way West Airlines]] (5), [[Atlas Air]] (3), [[Qatar Airways|Qatar Airways Cargo]] (2), [[Nippon Cargo Airlines]] (1), and [[CargoLogicAir]] (1).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536 |title=World Airline Census 2018 |date=2018 |website=Flightglobal.com |language=en-GB |access-date=2018-08-21 |archive-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106212640/https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536 |url-status=live}}</ref><!-- Updates or changes here require a newer reference. List is dated July 2017. --> Previous operators include [[Global Supply Systems]], a contractor of [[British Airways]],<ref>[http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/01/18/british-airways-to-return-three-gss-boeing-747-8-freighters-to-atlas-air-worldwide-holdings-in-april/ British Airways to return freighters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113171115/http://worldairlinenews.com/2014/01/18/british-airways-to-return-three-gss-boeing-747-8-freighters-to-atlas-air-worldwide-holdings-in-april/ |date=January 13, 2016}}. worldairlinenews.com, January 18, 2014.</ref> as well as [[Saudia Cargo]].{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
Boeing 747-8I aircraft in special VIP configuration for state leaders have also been ordered. The [[Qatar Amiri Flight]] received three VIP Boeing 747-8Is. The [[Government of Kuwait|State of Kuwait]] received one VIP {{not a typo|747-8}} in 2012. The [[Royal Flight of Oman]] received one VIP {{not a typo|747-8}} in 2012. The [[Brunei]] Government received a VIP 747-8I in 2016. The [[Morocco]] Government received one VIP 747-8I in 2017. Worldwide Aircraft Holding operated one VIP 747-8 that was sold to the Government of [[Turkey]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-09/14/c_137468434.htm|title=Qatari emir gifts Turkey's Erdogan luxurious Boeing 747-8 jet - Xinhua - English.news.cn|website=www.xinhuanet.com|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-date=March 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331065536/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-09/14/c_137468434.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> One VIP 747-8I was received by the government of [[Saudi Arabia]], and is used by [[Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia|Crown Prince]] [[Mohammed bin Salman]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2018/03/25/greenpoint-tech-aerolofts-boeing-747-8i-bin-salman.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=November 10, 2018 |archive-date=October 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022123103/https://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2018/03/25/greenpoint-tech-aerolofts-boeing-747-8i-bin-salman.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/photos/inpics-600m-boeing-747-8-converted-into-ultimate-private-jet-583350.html|title=InPics: $600m Boeing 747-8 converted into the ultimate private jet|newspaper=Arabian Business|date=March 5, 2015 |access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-date=March 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331080909/https://www.arabianbusiness.com/photos/inpics-600m-boeing-747-8-converted-into-ultimate-private-jet-583350.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On September 10, 2021, it was announced that the Egyptian Government had acquired a 747-8I for use as a VIP transport aircraft; the airframe, which had originally been manufactured for Lufthansa as D-ABYE, had not been accepted by the airline and spent several years in storage in the Mojave Desert as N828BA before being re-registered as SU-EGY.{{citation needed|date=May 2024|reason=rm per [[WP:RSPSIMPLEFLYING]]. Please do not insert sources that contain SimpleFlying as a source.}}
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! Accommodation{{rp|13–14}}
| 467 (356 Y, {{#expr:50+37}} J, 24 F)
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! Exit limit<ref name="TCDS">{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/misc/A20WE.pdf |title= Type Certificate data sheet No. A20WE |date= October 5, 2016 |publisher= FAA}}</ref>
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! [[Wing]]
| colspan=2 | {{Convert|554|m2|abbr=on|ft2|order=flip}},<ref name="flight-tech-desc">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/in-focus-boeing-747-8-technical-description-and-cutaway/107801.article |title= Boeing 747-8 technical description & cutaway |date= 13 November 2012 |work= Flight Global}}</ref> [[Swept wing|sweep]]
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! [[Aircraft cabin|Cabin]] width{{rp|17}}
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