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'''Amal Clooney''' ({{nee|'''Alamuddin'''}}; {{lang-ar|أمل كلوني}}; born {{birth date|1978|2|3|df=yes}})<ref name="People-40thBday-2018">{{cite news|last1=Russian|first1=Ale|title=Amal's Big 40! George Clooney Celebrates Wife's Birthday on 24-Hour Getaway|url=http://people.com/movies/amals-big-40-george-clooney-celebrates-wifes-birthday-on-24-hour-getaway/|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=5 February 2018}}</ref> is a British<!--Do NOT add "Lebanese" without consensus, see [[MOS:NATIONALITY]].--> international [[human rights lawyer]].<ref name="VanityFair">{{cite magazine|title=George Clooney Finally Meets His Match With Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/amal-clooney-international-human-rights-lawyer-job-explained|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|date=29 March 2017}}</ref> Notable clients of hers include former Maldivian president [[Mohamed Nasheed]],<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk">{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney|url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|access-date=28 October 2021|website=[[Doughty Street Chambers]]}}</ref> Australian [[WikiLeaks]] founder [[Julian Assange]],<ref name="ABCNews-5Things-2014">{{cite news|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/things-george-clooneys-lady-friend-amal-alamuddin/story?id=22960268|last=Rothman|first=Michael|title=5 Things About Amal Alamuddin|date=19 March 2014}}</ref> former Ukrainian prime minister [[Yulia Tymoshenko]],<ref name="Independent-Engagement-2014">{{cite news|first1=Ian|last1=Johnston|title=George Clooney Engaged To Amal Alamuddin: Actor To Marry British Human Rights Lawyer Who Has Represented Julian Assange|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/george-clooney-to-marry-his-british-lawyer-girlfriend-amal-alamuddin-9294602.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428045512/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/george-clooney-to-marry-his-british-lawyer-girlfriend-amal-alamuddin-9294602.html |archive-date=28 April 2014 |url-status=live|work=[[The Independent]]|date=27 April 2014}}</ref>
== Early life and education ==
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Clooney completed a judicial clerkship at the [[International Court of Justice]] in 2004, serving under Judge Vladlen S. Vereshchetin from Russia, Judge [[Nabil Elaraby]] from Egypt,<ref name="IILJ-Clerkship-2004-2005">{{cite web|title=Clerkships – Prior and Present Clerks|url=http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|website=Institute for International Law and Justice|publisher=[[New York University School of Law]]|access-date=28 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904095632/http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|archive-date=4 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="People-5FastFacts-2014">{{cite web|last=Chi|first=Paul|title=George Clooney Engaged to Amal Alamuddin: 5 Fast Facts About Her |access-date=6 May 2014|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20791492,00.html|work=People|date=27 February 2014}}</ref> and ad hoc [[Franklin Berman|Judge Sir Franklin Berman]] from the United Kingdom. She was subsequently based in The Hague working at the [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]],<ref name="ExpandingJurisdiction-2010">{{cite journal|volume=8|issue=5|page=1219|journal=Journal of International Criminal Justice|title=Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute|doi=10.1093/jicj/mqq066|last1=Alamuddin |first1=A.|last2=Webb|first2=P.|year=2010}}</ref> where she was Judicial assistant to Judge Patrick Robinson, Presiding Judge. The case charged the former President of former Republic of Yugoslavia with crimes allegedly committed in Kosovo, Croatia, and Bosnia during the war in the former Yugoslavia.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/> Clooney also worked as a Prosecutor at [[Special Tribunal for Lebanon#:~:text=The Special Tribunal for Lebanon,responsible for 14 February 2005|The Special Tribunal for Lebanon]]. She prosecuted the case against five people, who were members of Hezbollah, accused of [[Assassination of Rafic Hariri#:~:text=On 14 February 2005, former,George Hotel|assassinating former Lebanese Prime Minister Hariri]] and others in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Special Tribunal for Lebanon |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-special-tribunal-for-lebanon-9780199687459?cc=us&lang=en& |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=global.oup.com}}</ref>
Clooney regularly represents journalists. In March 2018, Clooney joined the international legal team that represent the Pulitzer Prize-winning Burmese journalists for Reuters, Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, who were sentenced to seven years in prison by the Government of Myanmar for reporting on the murders of ten Rohingya men by the Buddhist villagers and Myanmar paramilitary police in the village of [[Inn Din]] in September 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Griffiths |first1=James |last2=McKirdy|first2=Euan|date=7 May 2019 |title=Reuters journalists jailed in Myanmar released after more than 500 days|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/06/asia/reuters-journalists-myanmar-freed-intl/index.html|access-date=17 July 2024|website=CNN |language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717055901/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/06/asia/reuters-journalists-myanmar-freed-intl/index.html|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bbc19" /><ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Amal Clooney to Defend Reuters Journalists Jailed in Myanmar|url=https://time.com/5221820/amal-clooney-reuters-myanmar/|access-date=31 January 2022|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717032815/https://time.com/5221820/amal-clooney-reuters-myanmar/|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> They were released in May 2019.<ref name="bbc19">{{Cite news|date=7 May 2019|title=Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo: Reuters journalists freed in Myanmar|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48182712|access-date=31 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717033121/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48182712|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2019, she and Irish barrister [[Caoilfhionn Gallagher]] became the leaders of the international legal team that represent Filipino-American journalist [[Maria Ressa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Roth |first1=Richard |last2=McKirdy|first2=Euan|date=8 July 2019 |title=Amal Clooney will represent Philippines journalist Maria Ressa|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/08/asia/amal-clooney-maria-ressa-intl/index.html|access-date=17 July 2024|website=CNN |language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717054516/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/08/asia/amal-clooney-maria-ressa-intl/index.html|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> Ressa faces a series of legal charges that could lead to about
Clooney represents victims of mass atrocities, including genocide and sexual violence. In January 2015, she became a member of a legal team that represent Armenia on an appeal before the [[European Court of Human Rights]] against Turkish politician [[Doğu Perinçek]] who was convicted of denying the [[Armenian genocide]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2015|title=Amal Clooney on legal team in Armenian genocide case|url=https://apnews.com/international-news-general-news-celebrity-54ea653551424a56b5aaf0a8d1c2a8ce|access-date=17 July 2024|website=[[Associated Press]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717052415/https://apnews.com/international-news-general-news-celebrity-54ea653551424a56b5aaf0a8d1c2a8ce|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2021,
In December 2023, Clooney filed a civil case on behalf of over 400 Yazidi-American plaintiffs against French cement manufacturer [[Lafarge (company)|Lafarge]] for conspiring to provide material support to the [[Salafi jihadism|Salafi jihadist]] group Islamic State.<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Sabrina |last1=Souza |first2=Zoe |last2=Sottile |date=2023-12-17 |title=Amal Clooney is representing over 400 plaintiffs in lawsuit seeking 'accountability for genocide against Yazidis' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/17/us/amal-clooney-isis-yazidi-genocide-lawsuit/index.html|access-date=2024-05-23 |website=CNN |language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717033825/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/17/us/amal-clooney-isis-yazidi-genocide-lawsuit/index.html|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> The lawsuit seeks to hold Lafarge accountable for its admitted criminal conspiracy with ISIS and obtain compensation for the Yazidi people.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Katersky |first=Aaron |date=14 December 2023 |title=Nobel laureate and hundreds of Yazidi sue French company for supporting ISIS |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/nobel-laureate-hundreds-yazidi-sue-french-company-supporting/story |access-date=17 July 2024|work=ABC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717034249/https://abcnews.go.com/International/nobel-laureate-hundreds-yazidi-sue-french-company-supporting/story|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> Clooney's long time client Nadia Murad is the lead plaintiff in the case.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-21 |title=Nadia Murad and Amal Clooney appear on CNN |url=https://www.nadiasinitiative.org/news/nadia-murad-and-amal-clooney-appear-on-cnn |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=Nadia's Initiative |language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717034410/https://www.nadiasinitiative.org/news/nadia-murad-and-amal-clooney-appear-on-cnn|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
In May 2024, it was announced that Clooney served on an advisory panel that reviewed the [[Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court|Prosecutor of the]] [[International Criminal Court]]'s investigation into potential [[war crimes]] committed in the [[Israel–Hamas war]].<ref name="holpuch20may2024-nyt">{{cite news |last1=Holpuch |first1=Amanda |title=Amal Clooney Was Among the Experts Consulted on I.C.C. Warrants |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/20/world/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-gaza.html |access-date=21 May 2024 |work=[[New York Times]] |date=20 May 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240521014753/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/20/world/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-gaza.html|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> The panel was convened by the ICC in January 2024 at the request of ICC Prosecutor [[Karim Ahmad Khan]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=John |first=Tara |date=2024-05-20 |title=Amal Clooney supports ICC's decision to seek arrest warrants against Israeli and Hamas leaders |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/20/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-arrest-warrant-israel-hamas-gaza-intl-latam/index.html |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=CNN |language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717040229/https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/20/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-arrest-warrant-israel-hamas-gaza-intl-latam/index.html|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2024 |title=PANEL OF EXPERTS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2024-05/240520-panel-report-eng.pdf |access-date=21 May 2024 |website=www.icc-cpi.int|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717040620/https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2024-05/240520-panel-report-eng.pdf|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="holpuch20may2024-nyt"/> She and seven other legal and academic experts unanimously recommended that an application be made for arrest warrants against the Prime Minister of Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], the leader of Hamas in the Gaza Strip [[Yahya Sinwar]], two other Hamas leaders and the Israeli Minister of Defense [[Yoav Gallant]].<ref name="unsigned20may2024-guardian">{{cite news |title=Amal Clooney advised ICC prosecutor who seeks arrest of Israel and Hamas leaders |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/may/20/amal-clooney-advised-icc-prosecutor-who-seeks-arrest-of-israel-and-hamas-leaders |access-date=21 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=20 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717040750/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/may/20/amal-clooney-advised-icc-prosecutor-who-seeks-arrest-of-israel-and-hamas-leaders|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> In a statement, Clooney said there were "reasonable grounds to believe" that all five individuals committed war crimes and [[crimes against humanity]].<ref name="unsigned20may2024-guardian" /> On 20 May 2024, ''[[Financial Times]]'' published an [[op-ed]] article written by Clooney and the other panel experts.<ref name="FT_why_we_support_ICC_IL_Gaza"/> They hailed Khan's decision to issue the arrest warrants as "a milestone in the history of international criminal law".<ref name="FT_why_we_support_ICC_IL_Gaza">{{Cite Q|Q126009892|url-status=live}}</ref>▼
Following the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine#Russia|Russian invasion of Ukraine]] in 2022, Clooney and other prominent international human rights lawyers led a legal task force created at the request of the Government of Ukraine to provide legal advice on the potential avenues to secure criminal accountability for Russia in national jurisdictions, the ICC, and the United Nations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2022 |title=Covington, Withers and Amal Clooney Team Up on Ukraine Legal Task Force |url=https://www.law.com/international-edition/2022/04/01/covington-withers-and-amal-clooney-team-up-on-ukraine-legal-taskforce/?slreturn=20240423141556 |website=Law.com|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240430044644/https://www.law.com/international-edition/2022/04/01/covington-withers-and-amal-clooney-team-up-on-ukraine-legal-taskforce/|archive-date=30 April 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> She was also appointed to a group of international legal experts by President of Ukraine [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] to advise on legal mechanisms for survivors of the conflict to claim compensation.<ref name="doughtystreet24">{{Cite web |title= Amal Clooney|url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|website=Doughty Street Chambers|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717035728/https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|archive-date=17 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
▲In May 2024, it was announced that Clooney served on an advisory panel that reviewed the [[Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court|Prosecutor of the]] [[International Criminal Court]]'s investigation into potential [[war crimes]] committed in the [[Israel–Hamas war]].<ref name="holpuch20may2024-nyt">{{cite news |last1=Holpuch |first1=Amanda |title=Amal Clooney Was Among the Experts Consulted on I.C.C. Warrants |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/20/world/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-gaza.html |access-date=21 May 2024 |work=[[New York Times]] |date=20 May 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240521014753/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/20/world/middleeast/amal-clooney-icc-gaza.html|archive-date=
Since 2015, Clooney has been a visiting faculty member as well as a senior fellow at [[Columbia Law School]]'s [[Human Rights Institute]], where she co-teaches the Human Rights Course with Professor [[Sarah Cleveland|Sarah H. Cleveland]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amal Clooney |url=https://www.law.columbia.edu/faculty/amal-clooney |access-date=28 October 2021 |website=www.law.columbia.edu}}</ref> Clooney has also lectured students on international criminal law at the [[SOAS School of Law]] in London, [[The New School]] in New York City, [[The Hague Academy of International Law]], and the [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]].<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014" />
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* Appointed to the [[Human Dignity Trust]] Bar Panel, a small panel of barristers who act pro bono and provide advice on cases challenging discrimination against the LGBT community.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/>
== Clooney Foundation for Justice ==
== Philanthropy ==▼
Clooney is the
CFJ now operates in more than 40 countries: investigating [[war crime]]s in [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|Ukraine]], monitoring sham trials targeting women and journalists, and opposing a global trend of [[authoritarianism]] that seeks to punish those who "[[speaking truth to power|speak truth to power]]". Its latest initiative, Waging Justice for Women, uses [[strategic litigation]] to reform discriminatory laws and increase accountability for gender-based abuse.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clooney Foundation for Justice |url=https://cfj.org/ |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=Clooney Foundation For Justice |language=en}}</ref>
▲== Philanthropy ==
She partnered with the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative in beginning the Amal Clooney Scholarship, which was created to send one female student from Lebanon to the [[United World College Dilijan]] each year, to enroll in a two-year International Baccalaureate (IB) programme.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-amal-clooney-scholarship-100-lives-20151217-story.html|title=Amal Clooney launches scholarship for Lebanese girls |date=17 December 2015|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref>
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== Personal life ==
[[File:Amal and George Clooney (2022).jpg|thumb|
Clooney is a dual Lebanese-British citizen.<ref>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Mike|title=With American George and British Amal, What's Next for the Clooney Twins?|url=https://people.com/parents/george-clooney-american-amal-british-twins/|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=7 June 2017|access-date=13 November 2022}}</ref> She is fluent in English, [[French language in Lebanon|French]], and [[Lebanese Arabic|Arabic]].<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/><ref name=CNN-Engaged-2014>{{cite news|last1=Respers France|first1=Lisa|title=What we know about George Clooney's fiancée|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/28/showbiz/celebrity-news-gossip/george-clooney-engaged-amal-alamuddin/|work=[[CNN]]|date=28 April 2014}}</ref>
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{{Portal|Lebanon|United Kingdom|Biography|Law}}
* [[Lebanese people in the United Kingdom]]
*[[List of Druze]]
== References ==
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