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{{Names of China}}
The '''names of China''' include the
The English
▲The English word "China" was [[Borrowing (linguistics)|borrowed]] from Portuguese during the 16th century, and its direct [[Cognate|cognates]] became common in the subsequent centuries throughout the West.{{sfn|Wilkinson|2015|p=191}} It is believed to be a borrowing from [[Middle Persian]], and some have traced it further back to the [[Sanskrit]] word {{lang|sa|चीन}} ({{transliteration|sa|cīna}}) for the nation. It is also believed that the ultimate source of the name China is the Chinese word {{zhi|c=秦|p=Qín|out=p}}, the name of the [[Qin dynasty]] that ultimately unified China after existing as a [[Qin (state)|state]] within the [[Zhou dynasty]] for many centuries prior. However, there are alternative suggestions for the etymology of this word.
Chinese names for China, aside from ''Zhongguo'', include {{zhi|t={{linktext|中華}}|s={{linktext|中华}}|l=central beauty|p=Zhōnghuá|out=p}}, {{zhi|t=華夏|s=华夏|p=Huáxià|l=beautiful grandness|out=p}}, {{zhi|c={{linktext|神州}}|p=Shénzhōu|l=divine state|out=p}} and {{zhi|c={{linktext|九州}}|p=Jiǔzhōu|l=nine states|out=p}}. While [[Zhonghua minzu|official notions of Chinese nationality]] do not make any particular reference to ethnicity, common names for the [[Han Chinese|largest ethnic group]] in China are {{zhi|t={{linktext|漢}}|s={{linktext|汉}}|p=Hàn|out=p}} and {{zhi|c={{linktext|唐}}|p=Táng|out=p}}. The [[People's Republic of China]] ({{zhi|p=Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó}}) and the [[Republic of China]] ({{zhi|p=Zhōnghuá Mínguó}}) are the official names of the two governments presently claiming sovereignty over "China". The term "[[mainland China]]" is used to refer to areas under the PRC's jurisdiction, either including or excluding [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]].
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Names used in the parts of Asia, especially East and Southeast Asia, are usually derived directly from words in one of the [[languages of China]]. Those languages belonging to a former dependency (tributary) or Chinese-influenced country have an especially similar pronunciation to that of Chinese. Those used in [[Indo-European languages]], however, have indirect names that came via other routes and may bear little resemblance to what is used in China.
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{{Further|Chinas}}
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