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{{Short description|Internet protocol used for relaying e-mails}}
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Various forms of one-to-one [[Instant messaging|electronic messaging]] were used in the 1960s. Users communicated using systems developed for specific [[mainframe computer]]s. As more computers were interconnected, especially in the U.S. Government's [[ARPANET]], standards were developed to permit exchange of messages between different operating systems.
Mail on the ARPANET traces its roots to 1971: the Mail Box Protocol, which was not implemented,<ref>[http://www.multicians.org/thvv/mail-history.html The History of Electronic Mail] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202025034/http://www.multicians.org/thvv/mail-history.html |date=December 2, 2017 }}'', [[Tom Van Vleck]]: "''It is not clear this protocol was ever implemented''"''</ref> but is discussed in {{IETF RFC|196}}; and the [[SNDMSG]] program, which [[Ray Tomlinson]] of [[BBN Technologies|BBN]] adapted that year to send messages across two computers on the ARPANET.<ref>[//openmap.bbn.com/~tomlinso/ray/firstemailframe.html ''The First Network Email''], [[Ray Tomlinson]], BBN</ref><ref>Picture of "[//
The use of the [[File Transfer Protocol]] (FTP) for "network mail" on the ARPANET was proposed in RFC 469 in March 1973.<ref>{{IETF RFC|469}} – Network Mail Meeting Summary</ref> Through RFC 561, RFC 680, RFC 724, and finally RFC 733 in November 1977, a standardized framework for "electronic mail" using FTP mail servers on was developed.<ref name=":12">RFC 733, 21 November 1977, Standard for the Format of ARPA Network Text Message</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-20 |title=A history of e-mail: Collaboration, innovation and the birth of a system |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-innovations/a-history-of-e-mail-collaboration-innovation-and-the-birth-of-a-system/2012/03/19/gIQAOeFEPS_story.html |access-date=2024-07-07 |work=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>
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