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[[File:The Mayflower Compact 1620 cph.3g07155.jpg|right|thumb|''Signing the Mayflower Compact 1620'', a painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]] 1899]]
ItThe '''[[Mayflower Compact]]''' was lateran publishediconic document in the history of America, written and signed aboard the ''[[LondonMayflower]]'' on November 11, 1620, while anchored in [[Provincetown Harbor]] in [[Massachusetts]]. The Compact was originally drafted as an instrument to maintain unity and discipline in [[Plymouth Colony]], but it has become one of the most historic documents in American history. It was published in London in ''[[Mourt's Relation]]'' in 1622, and the authors had added a [[preamble]] to clarify its meaning: "it was thought good there should be an association and agreement, that we should combine together in one body, and to submit to such government and governors as we should by common consent agree to make and choose."▼
{{Main|Mayflower Compact}}
The [[Mayflower Compact]] was the iconic document in the earliest history of [[Americans|America]]. It was ratified by forty-one men on board the [[Pilgrim]] ship ''[[Mayflower]]'' on November 11, 1620 while anchored at [[Cape Cod]], now [[Provincetown Harbor]] in [[Massachusetts]]. The Compact was originally drafted as an instrument to maintain unity and discipline in this new land called [[Plymouth Colony]] but, over time, it has become one of the most historic documents in American History.
 
The passengers probably assembled in the ship’s great cabin, about thirteen by seventeen feet, with two windows on the stern and one window on either side. Forty-one men signed the Compact, beginning with Governor [[John Carver (Plymouth Colony governor)|John Carver]] and ending with Edward Lester. Nine adult males on board did not sign the document; some had been hired as seamen only for one year and others weremay probablyhave been too ill to write. No women signed it, in accordance with cultural and legal custom of the times.<ref name="Philbrick p. 43">Nathaniel Philbrick, ''Mayflower: A story of Courage, Community and War'' (New York:Viking, 2006), p. 43</ref><ref name="Bunker p. 281">Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The ''Mayflower'' Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), p. 281</ref>▼
▲It was later published in [[London]] in ''[[Mourt's Relation]]'' in 1622, and the authors had added a [[preamble]] to clarify its meaning: "it was thought good there should be an association and agreement, that we should combine together in one body, and to submit to such government and governors as we should by common consent agree to make and choose."
 
What is known today of the wording of the Mayflower Compact comes from [[William Bradford (Plymouth Colony governor)|William Bradford]]’s [[manuscript]], apparently copied from the original document. The original of the Mayflower Compact has long been lost, possibly stolen during the [[American Revolutionary War]] (1775-1783) looting. The text was first published in 1622 and then in Bradford’sBradford's journal from about 1630. But Bradford did not have a list or even gave a suggestion of the names of the signers. [[Plymouth Colony]] secretary [[Nathaniel Morton]] provides both text of the Compact and a list of signers in his 1669 ''New Englands Memoriall'', and manyit personsis have thoughtpossible that this list was an actual transcript of the names of all the signers and in the sequence of their signing.▼
On November 11, it was the intention of the Pilgrim leadership that each man must sign the Compact before anyone set foot on land—or mark with an X if he could not write.
 
The list of signers was published at least twice in the 18th century, but each time based apparently on Morton’sMorton's 1669 list and not the original. Consequently, there has been confusion for many years about the actual list of signers, with some. suggestingSome thatsuggest there would be names besides those Morton had provided if all adult male passengers had signed the compact=. Morton apparently copied from Bradford, and not from the original written and signed compact.▼
▲The passengers probably assembled in the ship’s great cabin, about thirteen by seventeen feet, with two windows on the stern and one window on either side. Forty-one men signed the Compact, beginning with Governor [[John Carver (Plymouth Colony governor)|John Carver]] and ending with Edward Lester. Nine adult males on board did not sign the document; some had been hired as seamen only for one year and others were probably too ill to write. No women signed it, in accordance with cultural and legal custom of the times.<ref name="Philbrick p. 43">Nathaniel Philbrick, ''Mayflower: A story of Courage, Community and War'' (New York:Viking, 2006), p. 43</ref><ref name="Bunker p. 281">Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The ''Mayflower'' Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), p. 281</ref>
 
The Morton signer list from 1669 is what most ''Mayflower'' scholars have used when compiling a list of those who signed the Mayflower Compact. That list, basically, is used in the Stratton book on page 413 and is what is used here. There are variations in the spelling of some names between Stratton’sStratton's list and Morton’sMorton's 1669 list, and those 13 instances are also noted here.<ref name="Stratton pp. 411-413">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 411-413</ref><ref name="Mayflower Compact">[http://mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-compact/ Caleb Johnson, ''Mayflower Compact'']</ref>▼
▲What is known today of the wording of the Mayflower Compact comes from [[William Bradford (Plymouth Colony governor)|William Bradford]]’s [[manuscript]], apparently copied from the original document. The original of the Mayflower Compact has long been lost, possibly stolen during [[American Revolutionary War]] (1775-1783) looting. The text was first published in 1622 and then in Bradford’s journal from about 1630. But Bradford did not have a list or even gave a suggestion of the names of the signers. [[Plymouth Colony]] secretary [[Nathaniel Morton]] provides both the Compact and a list of signers in his 1669 ''New Englands Memoriall'', and many persons have thought that this list was an actual transcript of the names of all the signers and in the sequence of their signing.
 
▲The list of signers was published at least twice in the 18th century, but each time based apparently on Morton’s 1669 list and not the original. Consequently, there has been confusion for many years about the actual list of signers, with some suggesting that there would be names besides those Morton had provided if all adult male passengers had signed the compact=. Morton apparently copied from Bradford, and not from the original written and signed compact.
 
▲The Morton signer list from 1669 is what most ''Mayflower'' scholars have used when compiling a list of those who signed the Mayflower Compact. That list, basically, is used in the Stratton book on page 413 and is what is used here. There are variations in the spelling of some names between Stratton’s list and Morton’s 1669 list, and those 13 instances are also noted here.<ref name="Stratton pp. 411-413">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 411-413</ref><ref name="Mayflower Compact">[http://mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-compact/ Caleb Johnson, ''Mayflower Compact'']</ref>
 
== Signatories ==
[[John Carver (Plymouth Colony governor)|John Carver]] - An early associate of Bradford and Brewster who became a prominent member of the English Separatist church in [[Leiden]], [[Holland]] where he was a [[deacon]] in the church. With Robert Cushman, he was an agent for the Leideners in 1620, organizing for the ''Mayflower'' voyage. He was a prosperous man who invested a large portion of his personal wealth in the voyage. He came on the ''Mayflower'' with his wife and five servants, one of whom was Roger Wilder who died early, along with a 7-year boy in his care named [[Richard More (Mayflower passenger)|Jasper More]]. (Jasper was one of the four More children on board and one of the earliest to die.) Carver was the first governor of Plymouth Colony and died suddenly at age 56, in April or May 1621, with his wife dying shortly thereafter. His legacy was overshadowed by his failure to provide a return to ''Mayflower''’s London investors, much to their vexation against him. The Fortune in November 1621 carried angry Merchant Adventurer letters addressed to him but by then he was already long deceased.<ref name="Banks p. 44">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 44</ref><ref name="Stratton p. 259">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 259</ref><ref name="Johnson pp. 107-114">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 107-114</ref>▼
 
▲* '''[[John Carver (Plymouth Colony governor)|John Carver]] -''' An early associate of Bradford and Brewster who became a prominent member of the English Separatist church in [[Leiden]], [[Holland]] where he was a [[deacon]] in the church. With Robert Cushman, he was an agent for the Leideners in 1620, organizing for the ''Mayflower'' voyage. He was a prosperous man who invested a large portion of his personal wealth in the voyage. He came on the ''Mayflower'' with his wife and five servants, one of whom was Roger Wilder who died early, along with a 7-year boy in his care named [[Richard More (Mayflower passenger)|Jasper More]]. (Jasper was one of the four More children on board and one of the earliest to die.) Carver was the first governor of Plymouth Colony and died suddenly at age 56, in April or May 1621, with his wife dying shortly thereafter. His legacy was overshadowed by his failure to provide a return to ''Mayflower''’s London investors, much to their vexation against him. The Fortune in November 1621 carried angry Merchant Adventurer letters addressed to him but by then he was already long deceased.<ref name="Banks p. 44">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 44</ref><ref name="Stratton p. 259">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 259</ref><ref name="{{sfn|Johnson pp. 107-114">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. =107-114</ref>}}
[[William Bradford (Plymouth Colony governor)|William Bradford]] - An early convert to the [[Separatism|Separatist]] Church in [[Nottinghamshire]] England who came to Leiden, Holland about 1608 and became prominent in the church there. He came on the ''Mayflower'' with his wife Dorothy, leaving a young son in Leiden; Dorothy drowned while the ship was at anchor in [[Cape Cod]] Harbor. He became colony [[Governor]] after the death of John Carver, and was prominent in the Plymouth Church. His writings of early Plymouth Colony are important historic documents.<ref name="Stratton p. 249">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 249</ref><ref name="Johnson pp. 79-100:">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 79-100</ref>
 
* '''[[EdwardWilliam WinslowBradford (Plymouth Colony governor)|William Bradford]] -''' AAn gentlemanearly fromconvert ato well-offthe family[[English whoSeparatist|Separatist]] was prominentChurch in the[[Nottinghamshire]] SeparatistEngland churchwho incame to Leiden, andHolland involvedabout with1608 Brewsterand inbecame printingprominent anti-Anglicanin the church religious tractsthere. He boardedcame on the ''Mayflower'' with his wife andDorothy, twoleaving servants,a oneyoung ofson whomin wasLeiden; EliasDorothy Story,drowned whowhile diedthe earlyship alongwas withat 8-year-oldanchor in [[KatherineCape More|Ellen MoreCod]], who was in his care. His wife died in March 1621. In May 1621, he married the widow of William White as the first wedding in Plymouth ColonyHarbor. He was quite prominent inbecame colony governmental, religious, and Indian affairs. In 1646, he returned to [[EnglandGovernor]] to joinafter the anti-royalist Commonwealth governmentdeath of [[OliverJohn Cromwell]]Carver, and diedwas of fever in 1654 while on a military expeditionprominent in the [[CaribbeanPlymouth Sea]]Church.<ref name="Banks pp. 98-99">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry andHis Homeswritings of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came toearly Plymouth onColony theare Mayflowerimportant in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore,historic MDdocuments.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 98-99</ref><ref name="BanksStratton p. 373249">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 373249</ref><ref name="{{sfn|Johnson 251-260">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 251-160</ref>=79–100}}
 
* '''[[WilliamEdward Brewster (Mayflower passenger)|William BrewsterWinslow]] -''' InA thegentleman 1580s,from hea waswell-off anfamily assistantwho towas Williamprominent Davison,in secretarythe toSeparatist [[Elizabethchurch Iin ofLeiden England|Queenand Elizabethinvolved I]];with DavisonBrewster wasin aprinting partyanti-Anglican tochurch thereligious 1587tracts. execution ofHe [[Mary,boarded Queenthe of''Mayflower'' Scots|Marywith Queenhis ofwife Scots]].and Abouttwo twentyservants, yearsone later,of Brewsterwhom was amongElias thoseStory, prominentwho in thedied early Englishalong Separatistwith church,8-year-old emigrating[[Katherine toMore|Ellen [[HollandMore]], inwho 1608was wherein hehis becamecare. RulingHis Elderwife ofdied thein LeidenMarch church1621. WhileIn inMay Leiden1621, he was hunted by English authorities in England and Holland for printing [[sedition|seditious]] tracts againstmarried the [[Anglican]] church ([[Churchwidow of England]]),William forcingWhite himas tothe gofirst intowedding hidingin untilPlymouth the ''Mayflower'' departureColony. He boardedwas thequite ''Mayflower''prominent within hiscolony wifegovernmental, two sonsreligious, and twoIndian ofaffairs. theIn four More children who were on the ship: Mary1646, agehe 4,returned whoto died[[England]] early,to andjoin Richard,the ageanti-royalist 6,Commonwealth whogovernment survived. Inof [[PlymouthOliver ColonyCromwell]], Brewsterand wasdied Rulingof Elderfever ofin the1654 Plymouthwhile Churchon untila hismilitary deathexpedition in 1644the at[[Caribbean age 80Sea]].<ref name="Banks pp. 3598-3999">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the 'Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James' in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 3598-3999</ref><ref name="StrattonBanks ppp. 251-252373">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 251-252373</ref><ref name="{{sfn|Johnson pp. 91-100">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 91-100</ref>=251–260}}
 
* '''[[IsaacWilliam Brewster (Mayflower passenger)|William AllertonBrewster]] -''' AIn Leidenthe Separatist1580s, andhe Merchantwas Adventureran originallyassistant fromto LondonWilliam whoDavison, boardedsecretary to [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]]; Davison was a party to the ''Mayflower''1587 withexecution hisof wife[[Mary, andQueen threeof childrenScots|Mary Queen of Scots]]. DuringAbout histwenty lifeyears later, heBrewster was aamong shipthose owner involvedprominent in the early English Separatist church, emigrating to [[New EnglandHolland]] andin trans-Atlantic1608 where he became Ruling Elder of the Leiden tradingchurch. InWhile Plymouthin ColonyLeiden, he was secondhunted by English authorities in authorityEngland toand GovernorHolland Bradfordfor inprinting [[sedition|seditious]] tracts against the colony’s[[Anglican]] earlychurch years.([[Church Laterof England]]), Bradfordforcing felthim thatto Allertongo hadinto abusedhiding until the colonists''Mayflower'' trustdeparture. overHe manyboarded yearsthe ''Mayflower'' with his wife, two sons, and hetwo of the four More children who were on the ship: Mary, age 4, who died early, and Richard, age 6, who survived. In [[Plymouth Colony]], Brewster was forcedRuling toElder leaveof the colonyPlymouth Church until his death in the1644 at age 1630s80.<ref name="Banks pp. 2835-3039">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the 'Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James' in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 2835-3039</ref><ref name="Stratton ppp. 234251-252">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 234251-252</ref><ref name="{{sfn|Johnson pp. 59-70">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 59-70</ref>=91–100}}
 
* '''[[MylesIsaac StandishAllerton]] -''' (NameA perLeiden Morton,Separatist 1669:and MilesMerchant Standish)Adventurer -originally Standishfrom hadLondon beenwho aboarded soldierthe of''Mayflower'' fortune,with possiblyhis fromwife [[London,and England|London]]three butchildren. servingDuring inhis thelife, [[Lowhe Countries]]was a ship owner involved in [[EuropeNew England]] priorand totrans-Atlantic joiningtrading. theIn LeidenPlymouth contingent.Colony, Therehe iswas evidencesecond thatin heauthority wasto notGovernor aBradford member ofin the Leidencolony's churchearly butyears. wasLater, associatedBradford withfelt it.that HeAllerton camehad onabused the ''Mayflower'colonists' withtrust hisover wifemany Roseyears, whoand died early. Hehe was theforced colony’sto chiefleave militarythe officer and served wellcolony in thatthe capacity1630s.<ref untilname="Banks hispp. death in 1656.<ref28-30">Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 8228-8330</ref><ref name="Stratton p. 234">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 356234</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 210-231</ref>=59–70}}
 
* '''[[JohnMyles AldenStandish]] -''' He(Name mayper haveMorton, 1669: Miles Standish) - Standish had been a soldier of fortune, possibly from Harwich[[London, England|London]] but serving in countythe Essex,[[Low hometownCountries]] ofin Capt.[[Europe]] Jonesprior ofto joining the ''Mayflower''Leiden tocontingent. whomThere is evidence that he was believednot relateda bymember marriage.of Hethe wasLeiden hiredchurch asbut awas [[Cooperassociated (profession)|cooper]]with it. He marriedcame fellowon the ''Mayflower'' passengerwith Priscillahis wife MullinsRose, formingwho thedied basisearly. ofHe was the famouscolony's Longfellowchief romanticmilitary poemofficer and served well in that capacity until his death in 1656.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The coupleEnglish becameAncestry quiteand prosperousHomes fromof the estatePilgrim ofFathers: Priscilla’swho fathercame Williamto MullinsPlymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, andthe JohnFortune becamein a1621, prominentand the Anne and influentialthe colonistLittle involvedJames in many1623'' governmental(Baltimore, activitiesMD.:Genealogical overPublishing hisCo., long2006) lifepp. 82-83</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 232-233356</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 46-58</ref>=210–231}}
 
* '''[[SamuelJohn Fuller (Pilgrim)|Samuel FullerAlden]]''' - Alden Hehas wasno prominentknown amongplace theof Englishorigin Separatistsbut livinghe inwas Leiden Holland and laterhired in theSouthampton activitiesas ofa Plymouth[[Cooper Colony(profession)|cooper]]. He leftmarried his family in Leiden and came on thefellow ''Mayflower'' withpassenger onlyPriscilla young servant William ButtenMullins, who died at sea a few days before reaching Cape Cod. He wasforming the largely self-taught physician and surgeonbasis of the colonyfamous and died in 1633 of an infectious fever that killed manyLongfellow thatromantic yearpoem.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The Englishcouple Ancestrybecame andquite Homesprosperous offrom the Pilgrimestate Fathers:of whoPriscilla's camefather toWilliam Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620Mullins, theand FortuneJohn inbecame 1621,a and the Anneprominent and theinfluential Littlecolonist Jamesinvolved in 1623''many (Baltimore,governmental MD.:Genealogicalactivities Publishingover Co.,his 2006)long plife. 56</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 295232-233</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 146-151</ref>=46–58}}
 
* '''[[ChristopherSamuel MartinFuller (Mayflower passengerPilgrim)|ChristopherSamuel MartinFuller]] - He was a prosperous leader of those non-religious persons known as "Strangers" on the ''Mayflower'', as wellHe aswas aprominent representative ofamong the MerchantEnglish AdventurerSeparatists investmentliving group.in Leiden He came on the ship with his wifeHolland and two servants, one of whom was his step-son [[List of Mayflower passengers who diedlater in the winteractivities of 1620–21|SolomonPlymouth Prower]], and John Langmore, both of whom died early deathsColony. He wasleft chosenhis asfamily "governor"in of the ''[[Speedwell (1577 ship)|Speedwell]]''Leiden and thencame ofon the ''Mayflower'' whenwith ''Speedwell''only wasyoung forcedservant toWilliam remainButten, inwho England.died Heat hadsea [[Acrimonya (emotion)|acrimonious]]few issuesdays withbefore thereaching passengersCape onCod. theHe ''Speedwell'' and later onwas the ''Mayflower'',largely asself-taught wellphysician asand issuessurgeon overof the purchasecolony of voyage supplies. This required his removal by those in authority while at sea. In Plymouth, Solomon Prowerand died on December 24, 1620 with Martin dying in January1633 1621.of Hisan wifeinfectious alsofever diedthat inkilled themany firstthat winteryear.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 7056</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 323295</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 183-186</ref>=146–151}}
 
* '''[[WilliamChristopher MullinsMartin (Mayflower passenger)|WilliamChristopher MullinsMartin]] -''' He was a merchantprosperous shareholderleader inof those non-religious persons known as "Strangers" on the ''Mayflower'', as well as a representative of the Merchant AdventurersAdventurer investment group. Bradford calledHe himcame on the ship with his wife and two servants, one of thewhom morewas prosperoushis ofstep-son the[[List of ''Mayflower'' passengers, travelingwho withdied hisin wife,the sonwinter of 1620–21|Solomon Prower]], and daughterJohn Langmore, asboth wellof whom died early deaths. He was chosen as his"governor" servantof Robertthe Carter''[[Speedwell who(1577 diedship)|Speedwell]]'' earlyand then of the ''Mayflower'' when ''Speedwell'' was forced to remain in 1621England. He had left[[Acrimony two(emotion)|acrimonious]] childrenissues inwith England:the Williampassengers Jr.,on whothe emigrated''Speedwell'' inand 1636later on the ''Mayflower'', andas eldestwell daughteras Sarah,issues over the administratorpurchase of hisvoyage estatesupplies. MullinsThis diedrequired inhis Februaryremoval 1621,by withthose hisin wifeauthority andwhile sonat dyingsea. sometimeIn afterPlymouth, butSolomon beforePrower Novemberdied 1621.on OnlyDecember his24, daughter1620, Priscillawith survivedMartin todying marryin JohnJanuary Alden,1621. withHis herwife inheritancealso makingdied themin a prosperousthe colonialfirst familywinter.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the AnneandAnne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) ppp. 73-7470</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 331-332323</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 193-195</ref>=183–186}}
 
* '''[[William WhiteMullins (Mayflower passenger)|William WhiteMullins]] -''' ApparentlyHe was a prosperous London merchant whoshareholder came toin the ''Mayflower''Merchant withAdventurers ainvestment familygroup. andBradford twocalled servants,him one of whomthe wasmore Edward Thompson who was oneprosperous of the earliest''Mayflower'' topassengers, dietraveling onwith Decemberhis 4wife, 1620son, and Williamdaughter, as well as his servant Robert HolbeckCarter who died in early in 1621. HisHe wifehad gaveleft birthtwo tochildren ain sonEngland: namedWilliam PeregrineJr., sometimewho emigrated in late1636, Novemberand whileeldest daughter Sarah, the shipadministrator wasof anchoredhis inestate. CapeMullins Coddied Harborin February 1621, historicallywith knownhis aswife theand firstson Englishdying childsometime bornafter, inbut Newbefore EnglandNovember 1621. WhiteOnly diedhis indaughter FebruaryPriscilla 1621survived aboutto themarry sameJohn dayAlden, aswith Williamher Mullins.inheritance Hismaking widowthem Susannaa marriedprosperous colonial family.<ref>Charles Edward WinslowBanks, in''The MayEnglish 1621Ancestry asand Homes of the firstPilgrim marriageFathers: inwho came to Plymouth on the colony.Mayflower Theirin son1620, [[Josiahthe Winslow]]Fortune (orin Josias1621, Winslow)and wasthe aAnneand historicthe long-termLittle colonyJames governorin with1623'' an(Baltimore, EnglishMD.:Genealogical wifePublishing descendedCo., from2006) royaltypp. 73-74</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 371331-332</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 246-248</ref>=193–195}}
 
* '''[[RichardWilliam WarrenWhite (Mayflower passenger)|William White]] -''' He wasApparently a prosperous London merchant whosewho familycame becameto onethe of''Mayflower'' thewith morea prosperousfamily inand Plymouthtwo Colony.servants, Heone of whom was prominentEdward inThompson colonywho affairswas untilone hisof earlythe deathearliest aboutto 1628.die Hison widowDecember Elizabeth4, had1620, comeand overWilliam onHolbeck thewho Annedied in 1623early with1621. theirHis fivewife daughtersgave andbirth wasto ablea toson legallynamed assumePeregrine somesometime ofin hislate governmentNovember dutieswhile afterthe hisship death,was unusualanchored forin aCape womanCod inHarbor, thathistorically era.<ref>Charlesknown Edwardas Banks,the ''Thefirst English Ancestrychild andborn Homesin ofNew theEngland. PilgrimWhite Fathers:died whoin cameFebruary to1621 Plymouth onabout the Mayflowersame inday 1620,as theWilliam FortuneMullins. His widow Susanna married Edward Winslow in May 1621, andas the Annefirst andmarriage in the Littlecolony. JamesTheir inson 1623''[[Josiah Winslow]] (Baltimore,or MD.:GenealogicalJosias PublishingWinslow) Co.,was 2006)a pp.historic 92long-93</ref>term colony governor.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 367-368371</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 244-245</ref>=246–248}}
 
* '''[[John HowlandRichard (Mayflower passenger)|John HowlandWarren]] -''' He hadwas noa London merchant whose family became recordone of Leidenthe residencemore prosperous in Plymouth Colony. He camewas prominent in colony affairs until his early death about 1628. His widow Elizabeth had come over on the ''Mayflower''Anne asin a1623 servantwith totheir Johnfive Carverdaughters and couldwas haveable beento thelegally beneficiary ofassume some of his estategovernment uponduties Carver’s andafter his wife’s deathsdeath, whichunusual possiblyfor contributeda towoman hisin rapidthat riseera.<ref>Charles asEdward aBanks, colony''The leader.English DuringAncestry hisand longHomes life,of hethe wasPilgrim involvedFathers: inwho numerouscame governmentalto andPlymouth religiouson activities.the HeMayflower marriedin Elizabeth1620, daughterthe ofFortune Johnin Tilley1621, and hadthe aAnne largeand familythe withLittle manyJames historicin descendants1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 92-93</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 311367-312368</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 169-175</ref>=244–245}}
 
* '''[[StephenJohn HopkinsHowland (Mayflower passenger)|StephenJohn HopkinsHowland]] - (Name per Morton, 1669: Stevin Hopkins) He was apparently a prosperous man who boarded the ''Mayflower'' withHe hishad wife,no fourrecord childrenof (with one son born later at sea), and twoLeiden servantsresidence. He wascame on the only ''Mayflower'' passengeras with prior New World experience, being shipwrecked with others in Bermuda in 1609 for 9 months; they had built two small ships fora escapeservant to Virginia. In Jamestown, he worked for two years under [[John Smith (explorer)|Capt. John Smith]]Carver and maycould have come in contact withbeen the legendarybeneficiary Pocahontas,of wifesome of fellowhis Bermudaestate castawayupon JohnCarver's Rolfe.and Hishis priorwife's experiencedeaths, withwhich Indianspossibly incontributed Virginiato servedhis himrapid wellrise withas Indiana relationshipscolony inleader. PlymouthDuring Colony.<ref>Charleshis Edwardlong Bankslife, ''Thehe Englishwas Ancestryinvolved andin Homesnumerous ofgovernmental theand Pilgrimreligious Fathers:activities. whoHe camemarried to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620Elizabeth, thedaughter Fortuneof inJohn 1621Tilley, and thehad Annea andlarge thefamily Littlewith Jamesmany inhistoric 1623'' (Baltimore, MDdescendants.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 61-64</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 308, 310311-312</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 160-168</ref>=169–175}}
 
* '''[[EdwardStephen TilleyHopkins (Mayflower passenger)|EdwardStephen TilleyHopkins]] -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: EdwardStevin TillyHopkins) He was fromapparently Londona andprosperous associatedman who boarded the ''Mayflower'' with Thomashis Westonwife, offour thechildren Merchant(with Adventurersone beforeson emigration.born Helater andat hissea), wifeand weretwo membersservants. ofHe was the Leidenonly contingent''Mayflower'' andpassenger bothwith perishedprior inNew theWorld first winterexperience, hebeing probablyshipwrecked inwith Januaryothers 1621in fromBermuda pneumoniain caught1609 fromfor exploration9 inmonths; freezingthey weather.had Hisbuilt brothertwo Johnsmall andships wifefor alsoescape died thatto winterVirginia. In Edward’sJamestown, carehe hadworked beenfor relativestwo Humilityyears Cooperunder and[[John HenrySmith Samson,(explorer)|Capt. whoJohn did surviveSmith]] and weremay ashave orphanscome in companycontact with theirthe relativelegendary Elizabeth TilleyPocahontas, thewife soleof survivorfellow ofBermuda thecastaway John Tilley familyRolfe. ElizabethHis laterprior marriedexperience Johnwith HowlandIndians in Virginia served him well with Indian relationships in Plymouth Colony.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 49, 8661-64</ref><ref name="Stratton p. 362">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 362308, 310</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 234-236</ref>=160–168}}
 
* '''[[JohnEdward Tilley (Mayflower passenger)|JohnEdward Tilley]] -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: JohnEdward Tilly) OlderHe brotherwas from London and associated with Thomas Weston of Edwardthe TilleyMerchant Adventurers before emigration. JohnHe and his wife were members of the Leiden contingent and both diedperished in the first winter, ashe withprobably hisin January 1621 from pneumonia caught from exploration in freezing weather. His brother EdwardJohn and his wife also died that winter. TheirIn daughterEdward's Elizabethcare survivedhad tobeen marryrelatives JohnHumility HowlandCooper and hadHenry aSamson, largewho did survive and were as orphans in company with their relative Elizabeth Tilley, the sole survivor of the John Tilley family.<ref name="StrattonElizabeth p.later 362"/>married John Howland.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 87-8849, 86</ref><ref>Caleb Hname="Stratton p. Johnson362">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''ThePlymouth MayflowerColony: Its History and herPeople, passengers1620-1691'' (Indiana:XlibrisSalt Corp.,Lake CalebCity:Ancestry Johnson,Publishing 20061986) ppp. 237, 238362</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=234–236}}
 
* '''[[FrancisJohn CookeTilley (Mayflower passenger)|FrancisJohn CookeTilley]] -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: FrancisJohn CookTilly) EarlyOlder prominent memberbrother of theEdward LeidenTilley. SeparatistsJohn whoand washis residingwife inboth Leidendied well beforein the arrivalfirst of the English Separatistswinter, whereas hewith marriedhis Hesterbrother Mayhieu,Edward aand Frenchhis Walloonwife. HeTheir camedaughter overElizabeth insurvived 1620 accompanied by histo sonmarry John, withHowland theand resthad ofa hislarge family.<ref comingname="Stratton over on the ''Anne'' in 1623p. Over362" his long life, he was involved in many colonial military and governmental activities and died in 1695./><ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 4787-4888</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 270</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 121-128</ref>=237–238}}
 
* '''[[ThomasFrancis RogersCooke (Mayflower passenger)|ThomasFrancis RogersCooke]] -''' He(Name wasper aMorton, 1669: Francis Cook) Early prominent member of the Leiden Separatists who was merchantresiding in Leiden andwell abefore memberthe arrival of the SeparatistEnglish church.Separatists, where Hishe eldestmarried sonHester JosephMayhieu, a French Walloon. He came over in 1620 accompanied by his son John, with himthe rest of his family coming over on the ''MayflowerAnne'' andin survived1623. him,Over ashis Thomaslong Rogerslife, diedhe was involved in themany firstcolonial military and governmental activities and died in winter1695.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) ppp. 7847-48</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 345, 346270</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 201-202</ref>=121–128}}
 
* '''[[Thomas TinkerRogers (Mayflower passenger)|Thomas TinkerRogers]] -''' He andwas hisa unnamedmerchant wifein Leiden and a member of the Separatist church. His eldest son wereJoseph allcame memberswith ofhim on the Leiden''Mayflower'' contingent.and Allsurvived him, as Thomas threeRogers died in the first winter.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 8978</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 362-363345, 346</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) p. 239</ref>|pp=201–202}}
 
John* Rigsdale'''[[Thomas -Tinker (Name perMayflower Morton, 1669: John Ridgdalepassenger)|Thomas JohnTinker]] Rigsdale-''' He and his unnamed wife Aliceand son were fromall London.members They both died inof the earlyLeiden weeks of the colonycontingent. All Banksthree hasdied hisin namethe asfirst "Rigdalewinter."<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune' in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 7789</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 344362-363</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) p. 200</ref>|pp=239}}
 
[[Edward* Fuller'''John (Mayflower passenger)|Edward Fuller]]Rigsdale -''' He(Name arrivedper withMorton, his1669: wifeJohn andRidgdale) sonJohn SamuelRigsdale in company withand his brotherwife SamuelAlice Fuller.were There is no record of him in Leiden; he may have joined his brother on the ship infrom SouthamptonLondon. They Both he and his wifeboth died soon after arrival in Plymouththe settlement,early survivedweeks by their son Samuel who joinedof the growing group of colony orphans. Another sonBanks Matthewhas camehis latername toas the colony"Rigdale."<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune' in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 5577</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 294-295344</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |p. 144</ref>=200}}
 
* '''[[JohnEdward TurnerFuller (Mayflower passenger)|JohnEdward TurnerFuller]] -''' OneHe ofarrived thewith earliesthis memberswife ofand theson LeidenSamuel churchin andcompany awith burgesshis brother Samuel Fuller. The names of LeidenEdward inFuller 1610,and emigratinghis tobrother Samuel Fuller appear in a [[Leiden]],<ref>Leiden fromJudicial EnglandArchives with79, BradfordL, andFolio Brewster172 verso.</ref> He[[Holland]] andrecord, but there is no other information about his twolife unnamedin sons[[Holland]].<ref>''A camegenealogical asprofile membersof Edward Fuller'' (a collaboration of thePlimoth LeidenPlantation and New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved 2013)</ref><ref name="americanancestors.org">Robert Charles Anderson, ''Pilgrim Village Family Sketch: Edward Fuller'' (a collaboration between American contingentAncestors and allNew England Historic Genealogical Society) ''[http://www.americanancestors.org/pilgrim-families-edward-fuller/]'' {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113212049/http://www.americanancestors.org/pilgrim-families-edward-fuller/|date=2012-11-13}}</ref> Both he and his wife died soon after arrival. Hein hadPlymouth asettlement, daughtersurvived namedby Elizabeththeir orson "Lysbet"Samuel who camejoined overthe latergrowing andgroup marriedof ancolony unnamedorphans. manAnother inson Matthew came later to the Salemcolony.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 9155</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 365294-295</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |p. 243</ref>=144}}
 
* '''[[FrancisJohn EatonTurner (Mayflower passenger)|FrancisJohn EatonTurner]] -''' HeOne mayof havethe beenearliest employedmembers byof the MerchantLeiden Adventurerschurch asand a carpenterburgess forof theLeiden ''Mayflower''.in He1610, arrivedemigrating withto hisLeiden wifefrom SarahEngland with Bradford and sonBrewster. Samuel,He and his wifetwo unnamed sons came as members of the Leiden contingent and all died soon dyingafter arrival. He had twoa moredaughter marriagesnamed Elizabeth or "Lysbet" who came over later and diedmarried an unnamed man in 1633Salem.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 5391</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 286365</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) pp. 138-140</ref>|p=243}}
 
* '''[[JamesFrancis ChiltonEaton (Mayflower passenger)|JamesFrancis ChiltonEaton]] -''' AuthorHe Charlesmay Bankshave providesbeen thatemployed hisby namethe wasMerchant writtenAdventurers as "James Chylton" in records of 1583. He was a Leidencarpenter Separatist who was about age 64 onfor the ''Mayflower'',. makingHe himarrived thewith oldest passenger. Hishis wife SusannaSarah and daughterson Mary came with himSamuel, withhis daughterwife Isabellasoon coming later and daughter Ingle staying in Leidendying. He diedhad ontwo Decembermore 8,marriages 1620 while the ship was still anchored in Cape Cod Harbor. His wife alsoand died in the first winter1633. Mary Chilton married John Winslow.<ref name="Stratton p. 362"/><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 115-177</ref><ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 4553</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 286</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=138–140}}
 
* '''[[JohnJames CrackstonChilton (Mayflower passenger)|JohnJames Crackstone/CrackstonChilton]] -''' (NameAuthor perCharles Morton,Banks 1669:provides Johnthat Craxton)his name was written as "James Chylton" in records of 1583. He was Aa Leiden Separatist who was about age 64 on the ''Mayflower'', making him the oldest passenger. His wife Susanna and daughter Mary came with hishim, sonwith John;daughter marriedIsabella coming later and daughter AnneIngle stayedstaying in Leiden. He died on December 8, 1620, while the firstship winterwas still anchored in Plymouth,Cape withCod hisHarbor. son JohnHis dyingwife shortlyalso afterdied in the 1627first cattlewinter. divisionMary Chilton married John Winslow.<ref name="Stratton p. 362" />{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=115–177}}<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 50</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 274</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 130-13145</ref>
 
* '''[[John BillingtonCrackston (Mayflower passenger)|John Crackstone/Crackston]] - He came from London and boarded the ''Mayflower'' with(Name aper wifeMorton, and1669: twoJohn sons—aCraxton) non-SeparatistA familyLeiden Separatist who werecame quitewith troublesomehis forson their fellow passengersJohn; Bradfordmarried wondereddaughter howAnne theystayed camein toLeiden. beHe associated withdied the ''Mayflower''. Afterfirst arrivalwinter in Plymouth, theywith increasinglyhis caused trouble for those in the colony and for the colony leaders.son John Billingtondying Sr.shortly was hanged for murder in 1630,after the first1627 execution in thecattle colonydivision.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 3150</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 245274</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 73-78</ref>=130–131}}
 
* '''[[MosesJohn FletcherBillington]] (-''' He came from London and boarded the ''Mayflower'' passenger)|Moseswith Fletcher]]a -wife Aand Leidentwo sons—a non-Separatist family who waswere aquite smithtroublesome byfor occupationtheir andfellow listedpassengers. LeidenBradford aswondered hishow placethey ofbecame residenceassociated atwith the time''Mayflower''. ofAfter emigration.arriving Hein diedPlymouth, shortlythey afterincreasingly arrivalcaused trouble for those in the colony, and leftfor acolony familyleaders. inJohn HollandBillington thatSr. producedwas leasthanged 20for great-grandchildren.murder Evidencein exists1630, ofthe hisfirst descendants living todayexecution in Europethe colony.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 54</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 143-14331</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 291-292245</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=73–78}}
 
Thomas* English'''[[Moses -Fletcher He(Mayflower appearedpassenger)|Moses inFletcher]] -''' A Leiden recordsSeparatist aswho "Thomaswas England."a smith Heby wasoccupation aand ''Mayflower''listed seaman hiredLeiden as masterhis place of residence at the ship’stime shallopof (lightemigration. sailboat),He whichdied wasshortly forafter coastalarrival transportationin the colony, and trading.left Hea diedfamily in theHolland firstthat winter,produced sometimeleast before20 thegreat-grandchildren. ''Mayflower''Evidence departedexists onof itshis returndescendants toliving Englandtoday in April 1621Europe.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune' in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 5354</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|p=143}}<ref name="Eugene Aubrey Stratton 1986 p. 289">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 289</ref><ref name="Johnson pp. 132-137">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 132291-137292</ref>▼
[[John Goodman (pilgrim)|John Goodman]] - A member of the Leiden congregation thought to have died sometime after January 19, 1621 and at least by the cattle division of 1627.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 297</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 154-157</ref>
 
* '''[[DegoryJohn PriestGoodman (Mayflower passengerpilgrim)|DegoryJohn PriestGoodman]] - (Name per Morton, 1669: Digery Priest) Aged about 40 in 1619, a Leiden Separatist member who was married to Sarah, sister of Isaac Allerton. He died early in January 1621, leaving a widow and two daughters. His wife returned to Holland, remarried, and came back on the ''Anne'' inA 1623 with new husband Cuthbert Cuthbertson and her daughters from her first marriage.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homesmember of the PilgrimLeiden Fathers:congregation who camethought to Plymouthhave ondied thesometime Mayflowerafter inJanuary 162019, the Fortune in 1621, and theat Anneleast andby the Littlecattle Jamesdivision inof 1623'' (Baltimore, MD1627.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 75</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) ppp. 341-342297</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 197-198</ref>=154–157}}
 
Thomas* Williams[[Degory Priest (Mayflower passenger)|'''Degory Priest''']] - He(Name wasper aboutMorton, age1669: Digery Priest) Aged about 40 onin the1619, ''Mayflower''.a BradfordLeiden listedSeparatist himmember aswho onewas ofmarried theto adultSarah, mensister fromof LeidenIsaac Allerton. He anddied hisearly sisterin livedJanuary in1621, Leidenleaving a widow and weretwo daughters. His wife knownreturned to haveHolland, beenremarried, fromand Yarmouthcame back on the ''Anne'' in County1623 Norfolk.with Henew diedhusband theCuthbert Cuthbertson and her daughters from her first wintermarriage.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 9775</ref><ref>CalebEugene H.Aubrey JohnsonStratton, ''ThePlymouth MayflowerColony: Its History and herPeople, passengers1620-1691'' (Indiana:XlibrisSalt Corp.,Lake CalebCity:Ancestry Johnson,Publishing 20061986) ppp. 250341-342</ref><{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=197–198}}
 
Edmund* Margesson'''Thomas Williams''' - (NameHe perwas Morton,about 1669:age Edmond40 Margeson)on Authorthe Charles''Mayflower''. BanksBradford wrotelisted thathim hisas nameone mayof havethe beenadult "Edmundmen Masterson"from whoLeiden. wasHe theand fatherhis ofsister Richardlived Masterson ofin Leiden whoand camewere known to Plymouthhave later.been Authorfrom CalebYarmouth Johnson writes of his name beingin potentiallyCounty "Margetson"Norfolk. He died soonthe afterfirst arrivalwinter.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 6997</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |p. 182</ref>=250}}▼
Gilbert Winslow - He arrived with his brother Edward Winslow as part of his brother’s family. He was allowed to sign the Mayflower Compact, apparently due to his brother’s established position, being only about 20 years old then. He appeared in the 1623 land division and returned to England after a number of years in the colony and died there.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 374</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) p. 261</ref>▼
 
▲* '''Gilbert Winslow -''' He arrived with his brother Edward Winslow as part of his brother’sbrother's family. He was allowed to sign the Mayflower Compact, apparently due to his brother’sbrother's established position, being only about 20 years old then. He appeared in the 1623 land division and returned to England after a number of years in the colony and died there.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 374</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |p. =261</ref>}}
▲Edmund Margesson - (Name per Morton, 1669: Edmond Margeson) Author Charles Banks wrote that his name may have been "Edmund Masterson" who was the father of Richard Masterson of Leiden who came to Plymouth later. Author Caleb Johnson writes of his name being potentially "Margetson". He died soon after arrival.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 69</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) p. 182</ref>
 
[[Peter* Browne'''Edmund (Mayflower passenger)|Peter Browne]]Margesson -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: PeterEdmond BrownMargeson) HeAuthor wasCharles notBanks awrote Leidenthat Separatisthis andname wasmay fromhave thebeen same"Edmund hometown as William Mullins,Masterson" who also was notthe afather Leidener.of Richard HeMasterson marriedof widowLeiden Marywho Fordcame whoto mayPlymouth havelater. beenAuthor theCaleb onlyJohnson womanwrites onof thehis ''Fortune''name inbeing 1621potentially "Margetson". SheHe died insoon 1630 and he inafter 1633arrival.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 4169</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 255</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) pp. 102-104</ref>|p=182}}
 
Richard* Britteridge'''[[Peter Browne (Mayflower passenger)|Peter Browne]] -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: RichardPeter BitteridgeBrown) ProbablyHe fromwas London,not hisa nameLeiden maySeparatist haveand beenwas "Brightridge,"from perthe authorsame Calebhometown Johnson.as HeWilliam Mullins, who also was not in Leidena recordsLeidener. He wasmarried thewidow firstMary personFord towho diemay afterhave been the only woman on the ''MayflowerFortune'' reachedin Plymouth1621. settlement,She dyingdied onin December1630 21,and 1620, one of six passengers who diedhe in December1633.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 4041</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 253255</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) p. 101</ref>|pp=102–104}}
 
[[George* Soule'''Richard Britteridge -''' (MayflowerName passenger)|Georgeper Soule]]Morton, -1669: HeRichard arrivedBitteridge) Probably from London, ashis aname servantmay tohave Edwardbeen Winslow."Brightridge," Inper hisauthor longCaleb life,Johnson. heHe was involvednot in manyLeiden colonialrecords. publicHe servicewas activities.the Hefirst person to die after the ''Mayflower'' reached Plymouth settlement, dying on December 21, 1620, one of six passengers who died in 1679December.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the MayflowerinMayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) ppp. 80-8140</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 355253</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) pp. 205-209</ref>|p=101}}
 
Richard* Clarke'''[[George -Soule (NameMayflower perpassenger)|George Morton,Soule]] 1669:-''' Richard Clark)He Probablyarrived notfrom London as a memberservant ofto the LeidenEdward congregationWinslow. NoIn otherhis biographicallong informationlife, abouthe himwas involved in many colonial public service activities. He died soonin after arrival1679.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower inMayflowerin 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) ppp. 4680-81</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 265355</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) p. 120</ref>|pp=205–209}}
 
* '''Richard Clarke -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: Richard Clark) Probably not a member of the Leiden congregation. No other biographical information about him. He died soon after arrival.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 46</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 265</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|p=120}}
Richard Gardiner - Per author Caleb Johnson, his name may possibly have been "Gardinar." Banks wrote that he was a seaman employed by the Company to remain in the colony but instead returned to England. Banks also wrote that he was probably of Harwich in County Essex, the hometown of ''Mayflower'' captain Christopher Jones, and may have been related to him. He received one share in the colony land division of 1623 and was a crew member of the Plymouth-based ''Little James'' in 1624. Bradford wrote that he became a seaman and may have died in England or at sea, although per Johnson he may have been on the ''Little James'' when she returned to England in late 1624 as part of the Admiralty investigation into the shipwreck earlier that year.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 34-35 and 395-296</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 152-153</ref><ref>Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), pp. 336, 337</ref><ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 57</ref>▼
 
▲* '''Richard Gardiner -''' Per author Caleb Johnson, his name may possiblyalso havebe beenfound spelt "Gardinar." Banks wrote without authority that he was a seaman employed by the Company to remain in the colony but instead returned to England. Banks also wrote on highly dubious grounds that he was probably of Harwich in County Essex, the hometown of ''Mayflower'' captain Christopher Jones, and may have been related to him. He received one share in the colony land division of 1623 and was a crew member of the Plymouth-based ''Little James'' in 1624. Bradford wrote that he became a seaman and may have died in England or at sea, although per Johnson he may have been on the ''Little James'' when she returned to England in late 1624 as part of the Admiralty investigation into the shipwreck earlier that year.<ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 34-35 and 395-296</ref><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 152-153</ref>=152–153}}<ref>Nick Bunker, ''Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History'' (New York: Knopf 2010), pp. 336, 337</ref><ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 57</ref>
John Allerton - He was hired to stay in the colony for a year to work and then return to Leiden to assist others who wished to come to America, but he died sometime in the early months of 1621. There was a possible relationship to Isaac Allerton, but no documented evidence exists.<ref name="Stratton p. 234"/><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 71-72</ref>▼
 
▲* '''John Allerton -''' He was hired to stay in the colony for a year to work and then return to Leiden to assist others who wished to come to America, but he died sometime in the early months of 1621. There was a possible relationship to Isaac Allerton, but no documented evidence exists.<ref name="Stratton p. 234" /><ref>Caleb H. {{sfn|Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, |2006) |pp. 71-72</ref>=71–72}}
▲Thomas English - He appeared in Leiden records as "Thomas England." He was a ''Mayflower'' seaman hired as master of the ship’s shallop (light sailboat), which was for coastal transportation and trading. He died in the first winter, sometime before the ''Mayflower'' departed on its return to England in April 1621.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune' in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 53</ref><ref name="Eugene Aubrey Stratton 1986 p. 289">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 289</ref><ref name="Johnson pp. 132-137">Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 132-137</ref>
 
[[Edward* Doty'''Thomas (MayflowerEnglish passenger)|Edward-''' Doty]]He -appeared (Namein perLeiden Morton,records 1669:as Edward"Thomas England." Doten) He was froma London''Mayflower'' andseaman camehired as a servantmaster of Stephenthe Hopkins,ship's alsoshallop from(light London. Per author Caleb Johnsonsailboat), his quick temperwhich was thefor primarycoastal causetransportation ofand numeroustrading. civil disturbancesHe recorded against himdied in the more-thanfirst 30winter, yearssometime he lived inbefore the colony.''Mayflower'' Onedeparted ofon theits firstreturn recordedto wasEngland in JuneApril 1621 when he was in a sword and dagger fight with fellow Hopkins servant Edward Leister, where both were lightly wounded and sentenced to public punishment.<ref name="Eugene Aubrey Stratton 1986 p. 289"/><ref name="Johnson pp. 132-137"/><ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune' in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 5153</ref><ref name="Eugene Aubrey Stratton 1986 p. 289">Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 289</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=132–137}}
 
* '''[[Edward LesterDoty (Mayflower passenger)|Edward Doty]] -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: Edward LiesterDoten) BanksHe creditedwas himfrom withLondon variousand names suchcame as Lester,a Litster,servant Listerof Stephen Hopkins, andalso Lysterfrom London. Per Bradfordauthor gaveCaleb Johnson, his namequick astemper "Leister"was ("Liester"the primary cause of numerous civil disturbances recorded against him in the 1669more-than version),30 whichyears seemshe morelived correctin perthe authorscolony. CalebOne Johnsonof andthe Eugenefirst Stratton.recorded Hewas camein fromJune London1621 aswhen he was in a servantsword ofand Stephendagger fight with fellow Hopkins, completedservant hisEdward apprenticeshipLeister, andwhere thenboth movedwere lightly wounded and sentenced to Virginiapublic Colonypunishment.<ref name="Eugene Aubrey Stratton 1986 p. 289" />{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=132–137}}<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 68</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 317</ref><ref>Caleb H. Johnson, ''The Mayflower and her passengers'' (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., Caleb Johnson, 2006) pp. 180-18151</ref>
 
* '''Edward Leister -''' (Name per Morton, 1669: Edward Liester) Banks credited him with various names such as Lester, Litster, Lister, and Lyster. Bradford gave his name as "Leister" ("Liester" in the 1669 version), which seems more correct per authors Caleb Johnson and Eugene Stratton. He came from London as a servant of Stephen Hopkins, completed his apprenticeship, and then moved to Virginia Colony.<ref>Charles Edward Banks, ''The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623'' (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 68</ref><ref>Eugene Aubrey Stratton, ''Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620-1691'' (Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 317</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|2006|pp=180–181}}
 
==See also==
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== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mayflower passengers and related topics}}▼
 
== Sources ==
* {{cite book|first=Caleb H.|last=Johnson|title=The Mayflower and Her Passengers|publisher=Xlibris|year=2006|location=Indiana}}{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=January 2018}}
 
▲{{Mayflower passengers and related topics}}
{{Pre-American Revolution documents}}
 
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[[Category:History of the Thirteen Colonies]]
[[Category:Mayflower]]
[[Category:Modern philosophical literature]]
[[Category:Plymouth Colony]]
[[Category:Political charters]]
[[Category:United States historical documents]]
[[Category:Provincetown, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Thirteen Colonies documents]]
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