Murid: Difference between revisions

In [[Sufism]], a '''''{{transliteration|ar|murīd''}}''' (Arabic {{lang|ar|مُرِيد}} '{{gloss|one who seeks'}}) is a [[novice]] committed to spiritual enlightenment by ''{{transliteration|ar|sulūk''}} (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title '''{{transliteration|ar|[[murshid]]'''}}, ''{{transliteration|fa|[[Pir (Sufism)|pir]]''}} or ''{{transliteration|ar|[[shaykh]]''}}. A ''{{transliteration|ar|[[sālik]]''}} or Sufi follower only becomes a ''{{transliteration|ar|murīd''}} when he makes a pledge (''{{transliteration|ar|[[bayʿah]]''}}) to a ''{{transliteration|ar|murshid''}}. The equivalent [[Persian language|Persian]] term is ''{{transliteration|fa|shāgird''}}.<ref>"{{cite encyclopedia |entry=Murīd", in ''|encyclopedia=The Encyclopaedia of Islam'', Vol. |volume=7 (|publisher=Brill, |year=1993), pp. 608–9.|pages=608–609}}</ref>

The [[initiation]] process of a ''{{transliteration|ar|murīd''}} is known as ''{{transliteration|ar|ʿahd''}} ({{lang-langx|ar|عَهْد}}) or ''{{transliteration|ar|bai'ath''}}. Before initiation, a ''murid''{{transliteration|ar|murīd}} is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his [[Apprenticeship|disciple]]. Throughout the instruction period, the ''{{transliteration|ar|murīd''}} typically experiences [[Warid (Sufism)|waridates]] like visions and dreams during personal spiritual [[Wird (Sufism)|awrads]] and exercises. These visions are interpreted by the ''{{transliteration|ar|[[murshid]]''}}. A common practice among the early Sufi orders was to grant a ''{{transliteration|ar|[[khirqa]]''}} or a robe to the ''{{transliteration|ar|murīd''}} upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series of increasingly difficult and significant tasks on the path of mystical development until attaining ''{{transliteration|ar|[[Wasil (Sufism)|wasilwāṣil]]''}} stage.

This practice is not very common now. ''Murīds'' often receive books of instruction from ''{{transliteration|ar|murshids''}} and often accompany itinerant ''{{transliteration|ar|murshids''}} on their wanderings.<ref>[[{{cite book |first=John |last=Esposito]], ''|author-link=John Esposito |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam'', |publisher=Oxford University Press, |year=2003}}</ref> A fundamental practice involves teaching the [[Murid|mûrîd]] (Arabic: موريد "the disciple") an array of seven "names".

*[[Murīdūn]], AndalusianAndalusī movement that revolted against Almoravid authority in 1144

* {{illm|Arif (Sufism)Ma'rifa|ar|عارف (تصوف)|lt=Arif}}