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{{Short description|2016 film by Theodore Melfi}}
{{About|the film|the book on which it is based|Hidden Figures (book){{!}}''Hidden Figures'' (book)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox film
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| country = United States
| language = English
| budget = $25 million<ref>{{cite web|last=Goldrich|first=Robert|title=Fall 2016 Director's Profile: Ted Melfi|url=https://www.shootonline.com/news/fall-2016-directors-profile-ted-melfi|website=[[Shoot (advertising magazine)|Shoot]]|date=October 25, 2016 |access-date=December 22, 2016}}</ref>
| gross = $236.2 million<ref name="BOM">{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=hiddenfigures.htm|title=Hidden Figures (2016)|website=[[Box Office Mojo]]|access-date=January 6, 2018}}</ref>
}}
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'''''Hidden Figures''''' is a 2016 American [[biographical drama]] film directed by [[Theodore Melfi]] and written by Melfi and [[Allison Schroeder]]. It is loosely based on the 2016 [[non-fiction]] [[Hidden Figures (book)|book of the same name]] by [[Margot Lee Shetterly]] about three female African-American [[mathematician]]s: [[Katherine Johnson|Katherine Goble Johnson]] ([[Taraji P. Henson]]), [[Dorothy Vaughan]] ([[Octavia Spencer]]), and [[Mary Jackson (engineer)|Mary Jackson]] ([[Janelle Monáe]]), who worked at [[NASA]] during the [[Space Race]]. Other stars include [[Kevin Costner]], [[Kirsten Dunst]], [[Jim Parsons]], [[Mahershala Ali]], [[Aldis Hodge]], and [[Glen Powell]].
Principal photography began in March 2016 in [[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]], and wrapped up in May 2016. Other filming locations included several other locations in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], including [[East Point, Georgia|East Point]], [[Canton, Georgia|Canton]], [[Monroe, Georgia|Monroe]], [[Columbus, Georgia|Columbus]], and [[Madison, Georgia|Madison]].
''Hidden Figures'' had a limited release
The film was chosen by the [[National Board of Review]] as one of the top ten films of 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/2016/ |title=National Board of Review Announces 2016 Award Winners |publisher=[[National Board of Review]] |date=November 29, 2016 |access-date=November 29, 2016}}</ref> and received various awards and nominations, including three nominations at the [[89th Academy Awards]], including [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]. It also won the [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]].
==Plot==
[[Katherine Johnson|Katherine Goble]] works at the [[West Area Computers|West Area]] of [[Langley Research Center]] in [[Hampton, Virginia]], in 1961, alongside her colleagues [[Mary Jackson (engineer)|Mary Jackson]] and [[Dorothy Vaughan]], as lowly "[[Computer (occupation)|computers]]", performing
Mary is assigned to the space capsule [[heat shield]] team, where she immediately identifies a design flaw. Encouraged by her team leader Karl Zielinski, a [[History of the Jews in Poland|Polish-Jewish]] [[Holocaust survivors|Holocaust survivor]], Mary applies for a NASA engineer position. She is told by Mitchell that, regardless of her mathematics and physical science degree, the position requires additional courses. Mary files a petition for permission to attend all-white [[Hampton High School (Virginia)|Hampton High School]], despite her husband's opposition. Pleading her case in court, she wins over the local judge by appealing to his sense of history, allowing her to attend night classes.
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* [[Olek Krupa]] as Karl Zielinski, engineer (a fictionalized version of [[Kazimierz Czarnecki (engineer)|Kazimierz Czarnecki]], who encourages Mary Jackson)
* [[Saniyya Sidney]] as Constance Johnson
* Lidya Jewett as young Katherine Coleman ([[Katherine Johnson|Katherine Goble Johnson]])
}}
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=== Music ===
{{Main|Hidden Figures (soundtrack){{!}}''Hidden Figures'' (soundtrack)|Hidden Figures (score){{!}}''Hidden Figures'' (score)}}
==Historical accuracy==
The film, set at NASA [[Langley Research Center]] in 1961, depicts segregated facilities such as the West Area Computing unit, where an all-Black group of female mathematicians were originally required to use separate dining and bathroom facilities. However, in reality, Dorothy Vaughan was promoted to supervisor of West Computing much earlier, in 1949, becoming the first Black supervisor at the [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics| National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)]] and one of its few female supervisors. In 1958, when NACA became NASA, segregated facilities, including the West Computing office, were abolished.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Loff |first1=Sarah |title=Dorothy Vaughan Biography |url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/dorothy-vaughan-biography |website=NASA |date=November 22, 2016 |access-date=24 September 2019 |archive-date=June 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625171042/https://www.nasa.gov/content/dorothy-vaughan-biography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Vaughan and many of the former West computers transferred to the new Analysis and Computation Division (ACD), a racially and gender-integrated group.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/dorothy-vaughan-biography |title=Dorothy Vaughan Biography | NASA |date=November 22, 2016 |publisher=Nasa.gov |access-date=January 30, 2017 |archive-date=June 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625171042/https://www.nasa.gov/content/dorothy-vaughan-biography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
It was Mary Jackson, not Katherine Johnson, who had difficulty finding a colored bathroom — in a 1953 incident she experienced while on temporary assignment in the East Area, a region of Langley unfamiliar to her and where few Blacks worked.<ref>{{harnvb|Shetterly|2016|p=[https://archive.org/details/hiddenfiguresame0000shet/page/107 107-8]}}</ref> Katherine Johnson, for her part, was initially unaware that the bathrooms at Langley were segregated (in both its East and West areas during the NACA era), and used the "whites-only" bathrooms (many were not explicitly labeled as such) for years before anyone complained. She ignored the complaint, and the issue was dropped.<ref name="Khan">{{cite news |last=Khan |first=Amina |date=February 26, 2017 |title=Q&A: Our interview with Katherine G. Johnson, the real-life mathematician who inspired 'Hidden Figures' |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-oscars-2017-89th-academy-awards-q-a-our-interview-with-katherine-g-1488161846-htmlstory.html |newspaper=LA Times |location=Los Angeles |access-date=March 1, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{harnvb|Shetterly|2016|pp=[https://archive.org/details/hiddenfiguresame0000shet/page/129 129 ]}}</ref>
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=== Charity screenings ===
After ''Hidden Figures'' was released on December 25, 2016, certain charities, institutions and independent businesses who regard the film as relevant to the cause of improving youth awareness in education and careers in the [[science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]] (STEM) fields, organized free screenings of the film in order to spread the message of the film's subject matter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.glamour.com/story/hidden-figures-inspiring-young-women-science-and-technology|title=The Hidden Figures Effect Is Real: How It's Inspiring Young Women to Seek Careers in Science and Technology|first=Marissa G.|last=Muller|date=January 30, 2017|work=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]|access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> A collaborative effort between Western New York STEM Hub, [[AT&T]] and the [[Girl Scouts of the USA]] allowed more than 200 [[Buffalo Public
Also, the film's principal actors (Henson, Spencer, Monáe and Parsons), director (Melfi), producer/musical creator (Williams), and other non-profit outside groups have offered free screenings to ''Hidden Figures'' at several cinema locations around the world. Some of the screenings were open to all-comers, while others were arranged to benefit girls, women and the underprivileged. The campaign began as individual activism by Spencer, and made a total of more than 1,500 seats for ''Hidden Figures'' available, free of charge, to poor individuals and families. The result was seven more screenings for people who otherwise might not have been able to afford to see the film - in Atlanta (sponsored by Monáe), in Washington, D.C. (sponsored by Henson), in Chicago (also Henson), in Houston (by Parsons), in Hazelwood, Missouri (by Melfi and actress/co-producer Kimberly Quinn), and in Norfolk and Virginia Beach, Virginia (both sponsored by Williams).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/hidden-figures-free-screenings-1201971825/|title=Free Screenings of 'Hidden Figures' Go Wide: From L.A. to Australia|first=James|last=Rainey|date=January 27, 2017|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>
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In February 2017, [[AMC Theatres]] and 21st Century Fox announced that free screenings of ''Hidden Figures'' would take place in celebration of [[Black History Month]] in up to 14 select U.S. cities (including Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles and Miami). The statement described the February charity screenings as building broader awareness of the film's true story of Black women mathematicians who worked at NASA during the Space Race.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Hidden-Figures-Free-Screening-413750893.html|title=Free Screening of 'Hidden Figures' Offered for Black History Month|agency=Associated Press|date=February 14, 2017|work=[[NBC Southern California]]|access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> 21st Century Fox and AMC Theatres also invited schools, community groups and non-profit organizations to apply for additional special screenings to be held in their towns. "As we celebrate [[Black History Month]] and look ahead to [[Women's History Month]] in March, this story of empowerment and perseverance is more relevant than ever," said Liba Rubenstein, 21st Century Fox's Senior Vice President of Social Impact, "We at 21CF were inspired by the grassroots movement to bring this film to audiences that wouldn't otherwise be able to see it - audiences that might include future innovators and barrier-breakers - and we wanted to support and extend that movement".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/hidden-figures-free-screenings-black-history-month-1201988170/|title='Hidden Figures' Set for Free Screenings in 14 Cities for Black History Month|first=Dave|last=McNary|date=February 14, 2017|work=Variety |access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>
Philanthropic non-profit outside groups and other local efforts by individuals have offered free screenings of ''Hidden Figures'' by using [[crowdfunding]] platforms on the Internet, that allow people to raise money for free film screening events.<ref name="motto.time.com">{{cite web|url=http://motto.time.com/4639215/astronaut-hidden-figures-screening-gofundme/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127184034/http://motto.time.com/4639215/astronaut-hidden-figures-screening-gofundme/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 27, 2017|title=This 7th Grader Wants to Send All the Young Girls in Her City to See 'Hidden Figures'|author=Lasher, Megan|date=January 27, 2017|work=Time.com|access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gofundme.com/mvc.php?route=category&term=hidden%20figures|title=Donate Online - Make Online Donations to People You Know!|work=[[gofundme.com]]|access-date=February 27, 2017|archive-date=February 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212165434/https://www.gofundme.com/mvc.php?route=category&term=hidden%20figures|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dozens of other [[GoFundMe]] free screening campaigns have appeared since the film's general release, all by people wanting to raise money to pay for students to see the film.<ref name="motto.time.com"/>
In 2019, The Walt Disney Company partnered with the U.S. Department of State on the third annual "Hidden No More" exchange program, which was inspired by the film and brings to the United States 50 women from around the world who have excelled in STEM careers such as spacecraft engineering, data solutions and data privacy, and STEM-related education.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewaltdisneycompany.com/the-walt-disney-company-partners-with-u-s-state-department-on-hidden-no-more-exchange-program/|title=The Walt Disney Company Partners with U.S. State Department on "Hidden No More" Exchange Program|date=2019-10-28|website=The Walt Disney Company|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-16}}</ref> The exchange program began in 2017 after local US embassies screened the film to their local communities. The support for the screenings was so positive that 48 countries decided to each nominate one women in STEM to represent their country on a three-week [[International Visitor Leadership Program|IVLP]] exchange program in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.pond5.com/17488-hollywood-inspires-global-exchange-women-stem/|title=Hidden No More: A Global Exchange Program Inspired by 'Hidden Figures'|date=2017-11-09|website=Pond5 Blog|access-date=2019-11-16}}</ref>
===Merchandising===
Following the 2017 ''Lego Ideas Contest'', Denmark-based toy maker [[The Lego Group]] announced plans to manufacture a fan-designed ''Women of NASA'' figurine set of five female scientists, engineers and astronauts, as based on [[Women in NASA|real women who have worked for NASA]]. The [[Lego minifigure|minifigures]] planned for inclusion in the set were Katherine Johnson, computer scientist [[Margaret Hamilton (scientist)|Margaret Hamilton]]; astronaut, physicist and educator [[Sally Ride]]; astronomer [[Nancy Grace Roman]]; and astronaut and physician [[Mae Jemison]] (who is also African American). The finished set did not include Johnson. The ''Women of NASA'' set was released November 1, 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/mar/01/hidden-figures-no-more-female-nasa-staff-to-be-immortalised-in-lego |title=Hidden figures no more: female Nasa staff to be immortalised in Lego |last=Malkin |first=Bonnie |date=February 28, 2017 |website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wsbtv.com/news/trending-now/lego-set-to-honor-women-of-nasa-including-katherine-johnson-of-hidden-figures_/498510195 |title=Lego set to honor women of NASA, including Katherine Johnson of 'Hidden Figures' |last=Ewing |first=Michelle |date=March 1, 2017 |publisher=[[WSB-TV]] |access-date=August 29, 2017 |archive-date=August 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830003402/http://www.wsbtv.com/news/trending-now/lego-set-to-honor-women-of-nasa-including-katherine-johnson-of-hidden-figures_/498510195 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ideas.lego.com/content/blog_post/link/543b47ec-781a-4f32-a2f6-ca605c91f48b|title=Introducing LEGO
</ref>
[[The Miracles
===Home media===
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=== Critical response ===
[[File:"Hidden Figures" Film Celebration (NHQ201612100017).jpg|thumb|[[Octavia Spencer]]'s performance as Dorothy Vaughan garnered critical acclaim, earning her a nomination for the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]].]]
On review aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has an approval rating of 93% based on 325 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "In heartwarming, crowd-pleasing fashion, ''Hidden Figures'' celebrates overlooked—and crucial—contributions from a pivotal moment in American history."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/hidden_figures/ |title=Hidden Figures (2017) |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango
Simon Thompson of [[IGN]] gave the film a rating of nine out of ten, writing, "''Hidden Figures'' fills in an all too forgotten, or simply too widely unknown, blank in US history in a classy, engaging, entertaining and hugely fulfilling way. Superb performances across the board and a fascinating story alone make ''Hidden Figures'' a solid, an accomplished and deftly executed movie that entertains, engages and earns your time, money and attention."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ign.com/articles/2016/12/14/hidden-figures-review|title=Hidden Figures|last=Thompson|first=Simon|date=14 December 2016|website=[[IGN]]|access-date=16 August 2018}}</ref> [[Ty Burr]] of ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' wrote, "the film's made with more heart than art and more skill than subtlety, and it works primarily because of the women that it portrays and the actresses who portray them. Best of all, you come out of the movie knowing who Katherine Johnson and Dorothy Vaughn and Mary Jackson are, and so do your daughters and sons."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2017/01/04/hidden-figures-history-lesson-with-math-appeal/GPfea4Sr2lqUDdJAwT09jI/story.html|title='Hidden Figures' is a crowd-pleaser with math appeal|last=Burr|first=Ty|date=4 January 2017|website=[[The Boston Globe]]|access-date=16 August 2018}}</ref>
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=== Accolades ===
{{Main|List of accolades received by Hidden Figures{{!}}List of accolades received by ''Hidden Figures''}}
Among its many achievements, [[Octavia Spencer]] was particularly lauded for her portrayal of [[Dorothy Vaughan]] and was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]], [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture|Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress {{ndash}} Motion Picture]] and [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role]]. The film's ensemble cast won the [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]]. The film itself garnered a nomination for the [[Academy Award for Best Picture]] and several nominations its screenplay (including for the [[Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay|Oscar]] and [[BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay|BAFTA]]), [[Hidden Figures (soundtrack)|soundtrack]] and [[Hidden Figures (score)|score]].
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== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}
* {{Official website}}
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{{ScreenActorsGuildAward CastMotionPicture 2011–2020}}
}}
{{Portal bar|1960s|United States|Film|Spaceflight}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:2010s English-language films]]
[[Category:2010s American films]]
[[Category:English-language historical drama films]]
[[Category:English-language biographical drama films]]
[[Category:English-language buddy films]]
[[Category:Saturn Award–winning films]]
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