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{{Short description|Australian mathematician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
'''Robert Bartnik''' (1956 – 2022) was an Australian [[mathematician]] based at [[Monash University]]. He iswas known for his contributions to the rigorous mathematical study of [[general relativity]]. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from [[Melbourne University]] and a PhD in mathematics from [[Princeton University]] in 1983, where his advisor was [[Shing-Tung Yau]]. In 2004 he was [[list of Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science|elected to the Australian Academy of Science]], with citation:
{{blockquote|Professor Bartnik is renowned internationally for the application of geometric analysis to mathematical problems arising in Einstein's theory of general relativity. His work is characterised by his ability to uncover new and anticipated phenomena in space-time geometry, often employing sophisticated tools from linear and nonlinear partial differential equations as well as elaborate numerical computations. He has contributed greatly to our understanding of the properties of the Einstein equations and gravitation.}}
His work with John McKinnon has been widely studied in the physics literature. They show that there is a discrete set of static solutions to the coupled Einstein/Yang-Mills equations which are geodesically complete and asymptotically flat. This is interesting since such solutions are known not to exist in the cases of the Einstein vacuum equations, the coupled Einstein/Maxwell equations, and the Yang-Mills equations. Although Bartnik and McKinnon's work was numerical, their observed phenomena has been mathematically justified by [[Joel Smoller]], Arthur Wasserman, [[Shing-Tung Yau]], and Joel McLeod.<ref>Smoller, Joel A.; Wasserman, Arthur G.; Yau, S.-T.; McLeod, J.B. ''Smooth static solutions of the Einstein/Yang-Mills equations.'' Comm. Math. Phys. 143 (1991), no. 1, 115–147.</ref>
 
In the mathematics literature, he iswas known for his work with [[Leon Simon]] on solving the Dirichlet problem for prescribed [[mean curvature]], in the setting of spacelike hypersurfaces of [[Minkowski space]]. His most widely cited work is on the geometric and analytic study of the ADM mass. He showsshowed that it is geometrically defined by constructing [[harmonic coordinates|"optimal"]] asymptotically flat coordinates, and gives an extension of [[Edward Witten]]'s proof of the time-symmetric [[positive energy theorem]] to the higher-dimensional spin setting.
 
He was a visiting scholar at the [[Institute for Advanced Study]] in 1980–81.<ref>[http://www.ias.edu/people/cos/frontpage?page=10 Institute for Advanced Study: A Community of Scholars] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527171235/http://www.ias.edu/people/cos/frontpage?page=10 |date=2010-05-27 }}</ref>
 
==Major publications==
As of 2022, Bartnik hashad been the author of around 30 research articles. The following publications are among the best-known:
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite journal|first1=Robert|last1=Bartnik|first2=Leon|author-link2=Leon Simon|last2=Simon|title=Spacelike hypersurfaces with prescribed boundary values and mean curvature|journal=[[Communications in Mathematical Physics]]|volume=87|year=1982|zbl=0512.53055|issue=1|pages=131–152|doi=10.1007/bf01211061|bibcode=1982CMaPh..87..131B |url=https://projecteuclid.org/journals/communications-in-mathematical-physics/volume-87/issue-1/Spacelike-hypersurfaces-with-prescribed-boundary-values-and-mean-curvature/cmp/1103921909.full|mr=0680653|s2cid=55672824 }}
*{{cite journal|first1=Robert|last1=Bartnik|title=Existence of maximal surfaces in asymptotically flat spacetimes|journal=[[Communications in Mathematical Physics]]|volume=94|year=1984|issue=2|zbl=0548.53054|pages=155–175|doi=10.1007/BF01209300|bibcode=1984CMaPh..94..155B |url=https://projecteuclid.org/journals/communications-in-mathematical-physics/volume-94/issue-2/Existence-of-maximal-surfaces-in-asymptotically-flat-spacetimes/cmp/1103941280.full|mr=0761792|s2cid=120000484 }}
*{{cite journal|first1=Robert|last1=Bartnik|title=The mass of an asymptotically flat manifold|journal=[[Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics]]|volume=39|year=1986|issue=5|pages=661–693|doi=10.1002/cpa.3160390505|citeseerx=10.1.1.625.6978|mr=0849427|zbl=0598.53045}}
*{{cite journal|first1=Robert|last1=Bartnik|first2=John|last2=McKinnon|title=Particlelike solutions of the Einstein–Yang–Mills equations|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]|volume=61|year=1988|issue=2|pages=141–144|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.141|pmid=10039043 |bibcode=1988PhRvL..61..141B |mr=0948143}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|mr=2098912|last1=Bartnik|first1=Robert|last2=Isenberg|first2=Jim|title=The constraint equations|encyclopedia=The Einstein equations and the large scale behavior of gravitational fields: 50 years of the Cauchy problem in general relativity|editor-first1=Piotr T.|isbn=3-7643-7130-7|zbl=1073.83009|editor-last1=Chruściel|editor-first2=Helmut|editor-last2=Friedrich|pages=1–38|publisher=[[Birkhäuser]]|location=Basel|year=2004|author-link2=James Isenberg|doi=10.1007/978-3-0348-7953-8_1|arxiv=gr-qc/0405092|s2cid=118082763 }}
{{refend}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartnik, Robert}}
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:Living2022 peopledeaths]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science]]
[[Category:Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars]]
[[Category:Mathematicians from Melbourne]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Melbourne alumni]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:1956 births]]