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A '''Joint Powers Authority''' ('''JPA''') is an entity permitted under the laws of some states of the [[USA]], whereby two or more public authorities (e.g. [[local government]]s, or utility or transport districts) can operate collectively. Joint Powers Authorities may be used where:▼
*an activity naturally transcends the boundaries of existing public authorities. An example would be the Transbay JPA, set up to promote the construction of a new transit center in [[San Francisco]], with several transportation boards and counties around the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] as members;▼
*by combining their commercial efforts, public authorities can achieve economies of scale or market power. An example is U.S. Communities, a purchasing consortium of local government agencies.▼
▲A '''
Joint powers authorities are particularly widely used in [[California]] (where they are permitted under Section 6500 of the State Government Code), but they are also found in other states.▼
▲*an activity naturally transcends the boundaries of existing public authorities. An example would be the [[Transbay
▲*by combining their commercial efforts, public authorities can achieve [[economies of scale]] or market power. An example is
▲Joint powers authorities are particularly widely used in [[California]] (where they are permitted under [[Marks-Roos|Section
A joint powers authority is distinct from the member authorities; they have separate operating boards of directors. These boards can be given any of the powers inherent in all of the participating agencies. The authorizing agreement states the powers the new authority will be allowed to exercise. The term, membership, and standing orders of the board of the authority must also be specified. The joint authority may employ staff and establish policies independently of the constituent authorities.
Joint powers authorities receive existing powers from the creating governments; thus, they are distinct from [[Special district (United States)|special districts]], which receive new delegations of [[sovereignty|sovereign]] power from the [[U.S. state|state]].
== See also ==
*[[Local federation]], a similar entity in [[Sweden]].
*[[Mancomunidad]], a similar entity in [[Spain]].
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061215223531/http://www.transbaycenter.org/TransBay/content.aspx?id=41 Details of the Transbay JPA on the Transbay project website]▼
*[http://www.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090628221917/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=06001-07000&file=6500-6536 Section 6500 et seq. of the California State Government code]▼
▲*[http://www.transbaycenter.org/TransBay/content.aspx?id=41 Details of the Transbay JPA on the Transbay project website]
▲*[http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=06001-07000&file=6500-6536 Section 6500 of the California State Government code]
[[Category:Local government in the United States]]
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