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[[File:View of Amalfi.JPG|thumb|left|View of Amalfi.]]
Amalfi held{{clarify|reason=Not mentioning when is sloppy and confusing even without talking about slaves.|date=July 2022}} importance as a maritime power, trading grain from its neighbours, salt from Sardinia and slaves from the interior, and even timber, in exchange for the [[gold]] [[dinar]]s minted in [[Egypt]] and [[Syria]], in order to buy the [[Byzantine silk]]s that it resold in the West. Grain-bearing Amalfi traders enjoyed privileged positions in the Islamic ports, [[Fernand Braudel]] notes. The Amalfi tables (''{{Interlanguage link multi|Tavole amalfitane|it}}'') provided a maritime code that was widely used by the Christian port cities. Merchants of Amalfi were using gold coins to purchase land in the 9th century, while most of Italy worked in a [[barter]] economy. In the 8th and 9th century, when Mediterranean trade revived it shared with [[Gaeta]] the Italian trade with the East, while [[Venice]] was in its infancy, and in 848 its fleet went to the assistance of [[Pope Leo IV]] against the [[Saracens]].
An independent republic from the 7th century until 1073, Amalfi extracted itself from Byzantine vassalage in 839<ref>Barbara M. Kreutz, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=P-ucSSZrJ0YC&pg=PA81 Before the Normans – Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517104553/https://books.google.com/books?id=P-ucSSZrJ0YC&pg=PA81 |date=17 May 2016 }}'', p. 81</ref> and first elected a duke in 958; it rivalled [[Pisa]] and [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]] in its domestic prosperity and maritime importance before the rise of the [[Republic of Venice]]. In spite of some devastating setbacks it had a population of some 70,000 to 80,000 reaching a peak about the turn of the millennium, during the reign of [[Manso I, Duke of Amalfi|Duke Manso]] (966–1004).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVUvAczJgsYC&pg=PT910|title=501 Must-Visit Destinations|access-date=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426152940/https://books.google.com/books?id=zVUvAczJgsYC&pg=PT910|archive-date=26 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg7JYZO_nEMC&pg=PA161|title=Cities and Economic Development|access-date=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722195346/http://books.google.com/books?id=Cg7JYZO_nEMC&pg=PA161|archive-date=22 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=PA270|title=Urban World History|access-date=30 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521160721/https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=PA270|archive-date=21 May 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Catholic/> Under his line of dukes, Amalfi remained independent, except for a brief period of [[Salerno|Salernitan]] dependency under [[Guaimar IV of Salerno|Guaimar IV]].
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