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It is inside an eponymous larger [[caldera]] Ijen, which is about {{convert|20|km|mi}} wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex. The name "Gunung Merapi" means 'mountain of fire' in the Indonesian language; [[Mount Merapi]] in central [[Java]] and [[Marapi]] in Sumatra have the same etymology.
'''Ijen [[Geopark]]''' stretches across the entire [[Banyuwangi]] district, with specific areas located on Mount Ijen, Pantai Pulau Merah and TN Alas Purwo. It has various geological, biological and cultural sites.It became part of [[UNESCO Global Geoparks]] at 10th conference held in [[Marrakesh]].
West of Gunung Merapi is the Ijen volcano, which has a {{convert|1|km|mi|spell=in|adj=mid|-wide}} turquoise-coloured acidic [[Volcanic crater lake|crater lake]]. The lake is the site of a labour-intensive [[sulfur]] mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is paid well considering the cost of living in the area, but is very onerous.<ref>{{cite news |first=Megan |last=Lane |title=Sulphur mining in an active volcano |work=BBC News |date=9 February 2011 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-12301421}}</ref> Workers earn around US$13 per day and, once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Paltuding Valley to get paid.<ref>{{cite news |first=Indra |last=Harsaputra |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/12/19/kawah-ijen-between-potential-threat.html |title=Kawah Ijen: Between potential and threat |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |date=19 December 2011}}</ref>
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