Beta-lactamase: Difference between revisions

AmpC type β-lactamases are commonly isolated from extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. AmpC β-lactamases (also termed class C or group 1) are typically encoded on the chromosome of many Gram-negative bacteria including ''[[Citrobacter]]'', ''[[Serratia]]'' and ''[[Enterobacter]]'' species where its expression is usually [[Regulation of gene expression#Inducible vs. repressible systems|inducible]]; it may also occur on ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' but is not usually inducible, although it can be hyperexpressed. AmpC type β-lactamases may also be carried on plasmids.<ref name="pmid11751104"/> AmpC β-lactamases, in contrast to ESBLs, hydrolyse broad and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (cephamycins as well as to oxyimino-β-lactams) but are not typically inhibited by the β-lactamase inhibitors such as [[clavulanic acid]] and [[tazobactam]], whereas [[avibactam]] can maintain inhibitory activity against this class of β-lactamases.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2015/206494Orig1s000MedR.pdf |title=Clinical Review, NDA 206494, Ceftazidime-avibactam |publisher=Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |date=2015-02-18 }}</ref> AmpC-type β-lactamase organisms are often clinically grouped through the acronym, "SPACE": ''[[Serratia]], [[Pseudomonas]]'' or ''[[Proteus bacteria|Proteus]], [[Acinetobacter]], [[Citrobacter]]'', and ''[[Enterobacter]]''.