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I edited the lead section, adding information about what causes the yips and different treatment options. I also added a section that talks about Brain Activity in regards to the yips. I also talked about the presence of yips in other areas outside of sports.
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In [[sports]], the '''yips''' are a sudden and unexplained loss of ability to execute certain skills in experienced athletes. Symptoms of the yips are losing [[Motor coordination|fine motor skills]] and [[psychology|psychological]] issues that impact on the [[muscle memory]] and decision-making of athletes, leaving them unable to perform basic skills of their sport.
 
CommonThe treatmentsexact includecause clinicalof [[sportthe psychology]]yips therapyis still not fully understood, but it's largely seen as a mix of task-specific focal dystonia (type I yips) and choking (type II yips) in most existing literature. Task-specific focal dystonia involves involuntary movements during well-practiced astasks refocusing(putting, attentionpitching, onvaulting), thewhereas underlyingchoking [[biomechanics]]refers to performance failure under pressure.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mine |first=Koya |last2=Ono |first2=Kenta |last3=Tanpo |first3=Nobuhito |date=2018 |title=Effectiveness of theirmanagement physicalfor yips in sports: A systematic actionsreview. The|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.35841/physical-therapy.2.1.17-25 impact|journal=Journal variesof widelyPhysical Therapy and Sports Medicine |volume=02 |issue=01 |doi=10.35841/physical-therapy.2.1.17-25}}</ref> A yips eventepisode may last a short time before the athlete regains their composureabilities or it can require longer term adjustments to technique before recovery occurs. The worst cases are those where the athlete does not recover at all, forcing the player to abandon the sport at the highest level.
 
There have been a plethora of treatment options tested to help with cases of the yips, including clinical [[sport psychology]] therapy, motor imagery, pre-performance routines, medication, botulinum toxin, acupuncture, and emotional freedom technique. With that being said, the success of the aforementioned treatments is primarily based on personal experiences rather than well-founded research evidence and there is little to no formal evidence to regarding the effectiveness.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mine |first=Koya |last2=Ono |first2=Kenta |last3=Tanpo |first3=Nobuhito |date=2018 |title=Effectiveness of management for yips in sports: A systematic review. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.35841/physical-therapy.2.1.17-25 |journal=Journal of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine |volume=02 |issue=01 |doi=10.35841/physical-therapy.2.1.17-25}}</ref> Early intervention with a complete and thorough treatment plan is imperative for the ideal recovery of athletes with yips.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lenka |first=Abhishek |last2=Jankovic |first2=Joseph |date=2021-12-21 |title=Sports-Related Dystonia |url=https://tremorjournal.org/article/10.5334/tohm.670/ |journal=Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=54 |doi=10.5334/tohm.670 |issn=2160-8288 |pmc=PMC8698216 |pmid=35036047}}</ref>
 
== Brain Activity and the Yips ==
A specific 2021 study using EEG recordings to measure found that athletes with the yips showed increased brain activity in the alpha band when initiating movements, especially when increasing force output to match a target.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Watanabe |first=Tatsunori |last2=Yoshioka |first2=Kiyoshi |last3=Matsushita |first3=Kojiro |last4=Ishihara |first4=Shin |date=2021-05-14 |title=Modulation of sensorimotor cortical oscillations in athletes with yips |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89947-1 |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41598-021-89947-1 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=PMC8121935 |pmid=33990687}}</ref> In this particular study, increased brain activity in the alpha and beta bands for the treatment group after the movement compared to the control group, suggested that heightened brain activity might indicate problems with inhibitory systems or increased focus on the body part involved in the task. Further research must be conducted with a larger sample size, more diverse populations, and more than two EEG electrodes in order to further establish the validity of this claim.
 
==In golf==
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In [[trampoline gymnastics]], the condition is typically referred to as "lost move syndrome".<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262907232 |doi=10.1080/10413200600653782|title=The Causes of and Psychological Responses to Lost Move Syndrome in National Level Trampolinists |year=2006 |last1=Day |first1=Melissa Catherine |last2=Thatcher |first2=Joanne |last3=Greenlees |first3=Iain |last4=Woods |first4=Bernadette |journal=Journal of Applied Sport Psychology |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=151–166 |s2cid=143928074 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.ijsp-online.com/abstract/view/46/61|title = Yips and lost move syndrome: Exploring psychological symptoms, similarities, and implications for treatment &#124; IJSP Online| journal=International Journal of Sport Psychology | volume=46 | issue=1 | pages=61–82 | last1=Bennett | first1=J. | last2=Hays | first2=K. | last3=Lindsay | first3=P. | last4=Olusoga | first4=P. | last5=w. Maynard | first5=I. }}</ref> Olympic trampoline gymnast [[Bryony Page]] has discussed her personal experience with the condition while preparing to compete in the [[2016 Olympics]].<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/YLY79ELaPJo Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20190709134326/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLY79ELaPJo&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLY79ELaPJo| title = The Gymnast who Lost Her Moves – Bryony Page {{!}} Against All Odds | website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
 
== In otherOther Areas sports==
The yips also affects players in other sports. Examples include [[Markelle Fultz]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gonzalez |first1=John |title=The End of the Affair: Markelle Fultz and the Sixers Are Probably Breaking Up |url=https://www.theringer.com/nba/2018/11/26/18113541/markelle-fultz-sixers-trade-value-injury |access-date=5 February 2019 |agency=The Ringer}}</ref> and [[Chuck Hayes]]'s respective free throw shots<ref>{{cite web |author=bballvideos |date=2007-12-21 |title=Chuck Hayes Ugly Free Throws vs Denver 12/20 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wQq9YWZ568 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/0wQq9YWZ568 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Chuck Hayes Ugly Free Throws vs Denver 12/20 |publisher=YouTube |date=2007-12-21 |access-date=2011-11-29 |publisher=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> in [[basketball]]. In darts, the yips are known as [[dartitis]], with five-time world champion [[Eric Bristow]] an example of a sufferer.<ref>{{cite web | urldate=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/other-sport/eric-bristow-reveals-how-dealt-8657585.amp17 February 2015 | title=Eric Bristow reveals how he dealt his yips – something all sports stars dread | dateurl=17 February 2015 https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/other-sport/eric-bristow-reveals-how-dealt-8657585.amp}}</ref> In the [[National Football League]] (NFL), a normally reliable [[placekicker]] who starts struggling is also said to have the yips.
 
[[Stephen Hendry]], seven times [[snooker]] World Champion, said after his loss to [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]] in the 2010 UK Championship that he had been suffering from the yips for ten years, and that the condition had affected his ability to cue through the ball, causing him great difficulty in regaining his old form.<ref>{{cite web |urldate=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/snooker/9267691.stm2010-12-08 |title=BBC Sport – Snooker – Hendry reveals 10-year battle with the 'yips' |publisherurl=BBC News |date=2010-12-08http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/snooker/9267691.stm |access-date=2011-11-29 |publisher=BBC News}} |</ref>▼
 
The yips also occur in areas outside of sports, such as with musicians and writers. A yips event in one of these fields is the result of type I yips with focal dystonia occuring.
▲[[Stephen Hendry]], seven times [[snooker]] World Champion, said after his loss to [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]] in the 2010 UK Championship that he had been suffering from the yips for ten years, and that the condition had affected his ability to cue through the ball, causing him great difficulty in regaining his old form.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/other_sports/snooker/9267691.stm |title=BBC Sport – Snooker – Hendry reveals 10-year battle with the 'yips' |publisher=BBC News |date=2010-12-08 |access-date=2011-11-29}} |</ref>
 
==See also==
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