1936 Summer Olympics: Difference between revisions

Hitler saw the 1936 Games as an opportunity to promote his government and ideals of racial supremacy and [[antisemitism]], and the official [[Nazi Party]] paper, the ''[[Völkischer Beobachter]]'', wrote in the strongest termssuggested that Jews should not be allowed to participate in the Games.<ref name="Hitlerland. p. 188">[[Andrew Nagorski|Nagorski, Andrew]]. ''[[Hitlerland: American Eyewitnesses to the Nazi Rise to Power]]''. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012, p. 188.</ref><ref name="David Clay Large p. 58">David Clay Large, ''Nazi Games: The Olympics of 1936'', p. 58.</ref> German Jewish athletes were barred or prevented from taking part in the Games by a variety of methods,<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nazi Olympics Berlin 1936 |url=https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005680 |website=Ushmm.org|publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|access-date=7 October 2016}}</ref> although some female swimmers from the Jewish sports club [[Hakoah Vienna]] did participate. Jewish athletes from other countries were said to have been sidelined to avoid offending the Nazi regime.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jewish Athletes – Marty Glickman & Sam Stoller|url=https://www.ushmm.org/exhibition/olympics/?content=jewish_athletes_more|website=Ushmm.org|publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|access-date=7 October 2016 |quote=A controversial move at the Games was the benching of two American Jewish runners, Marty Glickman and Sam Stoller. Both had trained for the 4x100-meter relay, but on the day before the event, they were replaced by Jesse Owens and Ralph Metcalfe, the team's two fastest sprinters. Various reasons were given for the change. The coaches claimed they needed their fastest runners to win the race. Glickman has said that Coach Dean Cromwell and Avery Brundage were motivated by antisemitism and the desire to spare the Führer the embarrassing sight of two American Jews on the winning podium. Stoller did not believe antisemitism was involved, but the 21-year-old described the incident in his diary as the "most humiliating episode" in his life.}}</ref> [[Lithuania]] was expelled from the Olympic Games due to Berlin's position regarding Lithuanian anti-Nazi policy, particularly because of the 1934–35 [[Trial of Neumann and Sass]] in Klaipėda.<ref>{{cite web|title=Trial of Neumann and Sass|url=https://annaberger-annalen.de/jahrbuch/2009/6_Jenkis.pdf}}</ref>