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In early 2022, in what became known as [[Lettergate]], Khan alleged that the United States encouraged his removal from office. In April, during the ensuing [[2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis|constitutional crisis]], Khan became the first Pakistani prime minister to be removed from office through [[No-confidence motion against Imran Khan|a no-confidence motion]]. In August, he was charged under anti-terror laws after accusing the police and judiciary of detaining and torturing an aide. In October, Khan was disqualified by the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] from taking office for the current term of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]], regarding the [[Toshakhana reference case]]. In November, he survived [[attempted assassination of Imran Khan|an assassination attempt]] during a political rally in [[Wazirabad]], Punjab.
On 9 May 2023, Khan [[Arrest of Imran Khan|was arrested]] on [[Al-Qadir Trust case|corruption charges]] at the [[Islamabad High Court]] by paramilitary troops who smashed their way into the courthouse. [[2023 Pakistani protests|Protests broke out throughout Pakistan]], resulting in the arrests of thousands of Khan's supporters along with military installations being ransacked. After his release, he blamed the [[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Army Staff]] [[Asim Munir]] for his arrest. He was sentenced to a three-year jail term on 5 August 2023 after being found guilty of misusing his premiership to buy and sell gifts in state possession that were received during diplomatic visits abroad.<ref name="Walsh 2023" /><ref name=":0" /> On 29 August 2023, a Pakistani appeals court suspended Khan's three-year prison term and granted him bail,<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /> but he remained incarcerated in connection with the [[Lettergate]] diplomatic cypher, for which he was accused of leaking state secrets and violating the [[Official Secrets Act (Pakistan)|Official Secrets Act]].<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10" /> On 30 January 2024, a special court sentenced Khan to 10 years in prison after finding him guilty of those charges.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2024 |title=Imran Khan, Shah Mahmood handed 10-year sentence in cipher case |url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/30-Jan-2024/imran-khan-handd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240130080351/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/30-Jan-2024/imran-khan-shah-mahmood-handed-10-year-sentence-in-cipher-case |archive-date=30 January 2024 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=[[Daily Pakistan|Daily Pakistan Global]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/former-pakistan-pm-imran-khan-gets-10-year-jail-term-leaking-state-secrets-geo-2024-01-30/|title=Pakistan court jails ex-PM Imran Khan for 10 years ahead of election|first1=Gibran Naiyyar|last1=Peshiman|first2=Ariba|last2=Shahid|publisher=Reuters|date=30 January 2024|accessdate=30 January 2024}}</ref> On 3 February, Khan and his wife [[Iddat case|were convicted and sentenced]] to an additional seven years in prison for a breach of the Islamic marriage laws. The decision of the special court relating to the diplomatic cable was overturned by the [[Islamabad High Court]] on 3 June 2024. Khan's conviction for a breach of the marriage laws was overturned on appeal on 13 July 2024. Khan remained in prison and was then arrested on charges related to the 2023 riots.
== Early life and family ==
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{{Main articles|Prime ministership of Imran Khan}}
[[File:President Trump Meets with the Prime Minister of Pakistan (48348803926).jpg|thumb|260x260px|Khan (center) with his foreign minister, [[Shah Mehmood Qureshi]] (right) and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] (left) in 2019.]]
Following a populist campaign against corruption in the 2018 elections, Imran Khan became the 22nd Prime Minister of Pakistan on 17 August 2018 after his [[Oath of office ceremony of Imran Khan|Oath of office ceremony]]. Upon taking office, he laid out a [[First 100 days of Imran Khan's prime ministership|100-day plan]] to rapidly reform the country in a short time span. He made significant changes in the country's bureaucracy and military leadership, including appointing [[Sohail Mahmood]] as [[Foreign Secretary (Pakistan)|Foreign Secretary]] and [[Lieutenant general (Pakistan)|Lieutenant General]] [[Asim Munir]] as [[Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence]]. [[Khan's cabinet]] included many ministers from the [[Musharraf]] era and former members of the [[Pakistan People's Party]]. His government undertook major cabinet reshuffles and faced economic challenges, resulting in seeking an IMF bailout, as well as implementing austerity measures. By 2020, Pakistan's balance of payments improved, fiscal deficit narrowed, and tax collection reached record highs.
Khan's foreign policy followed primarily a "Pakistan first" ideology, in which he sought to establish Pakistan as a respected player on the international stage. He emphasized Islamic unity through his efforts against [[Islamophobia]] and leadership in the [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|OIC]]. Him and his close foreign minister, [[Shah Mehmood Qureshi]] established good relations with Saudi Arabia, though he stated that he sought to mediate between Iran and Saudi Arabia amidst [[Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict|their proxy-conflict]]. Khan maintained a strong stance on the [[Kashmir issue]], refusing talks with India until autonomy was restored in Indian-held Kashmir. Khan also criticized the [[Drone strikes in Pakistan|American drone campaign in Pakistan]], as well as declared that the [[Taliban]]-led government in [[Afghanistan]] should be recognized and not isolated.
He was removed from office in March 2022, amidst a [[No-confidence motion against Imran Khan|motion of no-confidence against his government]] where many of his coalition partners left his government resulting in his ousting, being the first prime minister of Pakistan successfully overthrown by a no-confidence motion. The motion was controversial as some alleged a foreign conspiracy called [[Lettergate]] was behind it, while many alleged that it was due to Imran Khan’s worsening relations with the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|Pakistani Armed Forces]], which allegedly pushed for Khan’s removal following political tensions between Khan and the military.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haqqani |first=Husain |date=2024-08-07 |title=Pakistan’s Military Won’t Loosen Its Grip |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/08/09/pakistan-military-imran-khan-prison-politics/ |access-date=2024-08-07 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref>▼
Domestically, Khan's government launched an [[anti-corruption]] campaign, improved security, and banned certain extremist groups. In social policy, his administration restored minority religious sites, reformed education and healthcare, and established large welfare programs most prominently the [[Ehsaas Programme]]. His government passed the [[Zainab Alert Bill]] as an attempt to increase [[Women's rights in Pakistan]]. His environmental initiatives, primarily the [[Plant for Pakistan]] increased renewable energy and attempted to reforest Pakistan at a large scale.
▲Khan faced criticism for certain comments and policies, though he was praised for handling the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], rolling out a large welfare program, and achieving a V-shaped economic recovery. He was removed from office in March 2022, amidst a [[No-confidence motion against Imran Khan|motion of no-confidence against his government]] where many of his coalition partners left his government resulting in his ousting, being the first prime minister of Pakistan successfully overthrown by a no-confidence motion. The motion was controversial as some alleged a foreign conspiracy called [[Lettergate]] was behind it, while many alleged that it was due to Imran Khan’s worsening relations with the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|Pakistani Armed Forces]], which allegedly pushed for Khan’s removal following political tensions between Khan and the military.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haqqani |first=Husain |date=2024-08-07 |title=Pakistan’s Military Won’t Loosen Its Grip |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/08/09/pakistan-military-imran-khan-prison-politics/ |access-date=2024-08-07 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref> The motion came following the [[2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis]].
Despite his ousting at the three-and-a-half-year mark, his prime ministership saw large-scale reforms in many sectors, espousing a [[welfarist]] domestic policy, a foreign policy active in many global issues and an [[anti-corruption]] political policy.
== Post-premiership ==
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On 5 August 2023, Khan was arrested for the second time and sentenced to three years in prison after being found guilty of misusing his premiership from 2018 to 2022 to buy and sell gifts in state possession that were received during visits abroad and worth more than 140 million [[Pakistani rupees|rupees]].<ref name="Walsh 2023">{{Cite news |last=Walsh|first=Aoife|date=5 August 2023 |title=Pakistan ex-PM Khan given three-year jail sentence |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66414696 |access-date=5 August 2023}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's Imran Khan sentenced to three years in prison, arrested |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/5/pakistan-court-sentences-ex-pm-imran-khan-to-3-years-in-prison-state-tv |access-date=17 December 2023 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref> On 29 August 2023, an appeals court suspended Khan's corruption conviction and three-year prison term, and granted bail.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news |date=23 August 2023 |title=Pakistani court suspends former Prime Minister Imran Khan's conviction, sentencing |work=Fox News |url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/pakistani-court-suspends-former-prime-minister-imran-khans-conviction-sentencing |access-date=29 August 2023}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite news |last=Goldbaum |first=Christina |date=29 August 2023 |title=Imran Khan's 3-Year Sentence Is Suspended by Pakistan Appeals Court |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/29/world/asia/pakistan-imran-khan-appeal.html |access-date=29 August 2023}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news |last=Adil |first=Hafsa |date=29 August 2023 |title=Imran Khan live news: Ex-Pakistan PM to remain in jail for 'cypher' hearing |work=AlJazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/8/29/imran-khan-live-updates-pakistan-court-orders-ex-pms-release |access-date=29 August 2023}}</ref> Despite the suspended conviction in the corruption case, a special court in Islamabad ordered that he remain incarcerated in connection with the "cypher case": Khan has repeatedly alleged that he received a cypher, or diplomatic cable, which contained proof that there was a US led conspiracy with Pakistan's military establishment to oust him from office. The [[Federal Investigation Agency]] registered a case against Khan for sharing information on the alleged cypher and leaking state secrets, and thereby violating the [[Official Secrets Act (Pakistan)|Official Secrets Act]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Abid |title=Despite bail order, Imran Khan remains in jail over 'cypher case' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/29/despite-bail-order-imran-khan-remains-in-jail-over-cypher-case |access-date=17 December 2023 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Pakistan court indicts jailed ex-PM Imran Khan in state secrets case |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/13/pakistan-court-indicts-jailed-ex-pm-imran-khan-in-state-secrets-case |access-date=17 December 2023 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref>
On 30 January 2024, Khan was convicted and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment over the case. Khan reacted by urging voters to "take revenge for every injustice with your vote" in the [[2024 Pakistani general election]] on 8 February. One of his lawyers called the decision illegal, and his legal team planned to appeal the decision.<ref name="BBC-68138591" /> Many observers alleged that the sentence was part of a campaign to sideline Khan and the PTI before the 2024 elections;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shahid |first=Ariba |date=30 January 2024 |title=Reaction to Pakistan ex-PM Imran Khan's 10-year jail term |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/reaction-pakistan-ex-pm-imran-khans-10-year-jail-term-2024-01-30/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Khan himself described all the charges against him as "politically motivated". His then-foreign minister and deputy in the PTI, [[Shah Mahmood Qureshi]], was also sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment over the case.<ref name="BBC-68138591">{{cite news |title=Imran Khan: Pakistan former PM jailed for 10 years in state secrets case |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-68138591 |access-date=30 January 2024 |agency=BBC News |date=30 January 2024}}</ref> Khan's sister Aleema said that prosecutors had sought the death penalty for her brother.<ref>{{cite news |title=Former Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan gets 10 years in prison ahead of elections |url=https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-imran-khan-sentenced-e2305d25c8b81f031a47507063e3b745 |access-date=31 January 2024 |work=Associated Press News |date=30 January 2024}}</ref> The next day, Khan was convicted and sentenced to 14 years' imprisonment for the [[Toshakhana case]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shahid |first1=Ariba |last2=Shahzad |first2=Asif |date=31 January 2024 |title=Pakistan ex-PM Imran Khan jailed for 14 years a day after 10-year sentence |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-ex-pm-imran-khan-sentenced-14-years-state-gifts-case-dawn-2024-01-31/ |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> which involved the illegal sale of state gifts given to him and his wife, Bushra Bibi, when he was prime minister.<ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan: Former Pakistan PM jailed another 14 years for graft |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-68150959 |access-date=31 January 2024 |agency=BBC News |date=31 January 2024}}</ref> The sentence was suspended on 1 April pending an appeal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/1/pakistan-court-suspends-imran-khans-prison-sentence-in-state-gifts-case |title=Pakistan court suspends Imran Khan's prison sentence in state gifts case |work=Al Jazeera |date=1 April 2024}}</ref> On 3 February, Khan and his wife [[Iddat case|were convicted and sentenced]] to an additional seven years in prison and fined 500,000 rupees ($1,800) each following a criminal complaint by Bushra Bibi's former husband, Khawar Maneka, saying that Bushra did not complete her [[Iddat]] before marrying Khan in 2018.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan's ex-PM Imran Khan, wife get seven-year jail term for unlawful marriage |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240203-pakistan-s-ex-pm-imran-khan-wife-get-seven-year-jail-term-for-unlawful-marriage |access-date=3 February 2024 |agency=France 24 |date=3 February 2024}}</ref> On 16 February, his legal team filed an appeal against the three consecutive convictions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-imran-khan-convictions-appeal-1a45815d3c64bcd60253041ea521d8d8 |title=Imprisoned former Pakistani premier Khan appeals 3 recent convictions |work=Associated Press |date=17 February 2024 |first1= Munir |last1=Ahmed |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319021751/https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-imran-khan-convictions-appeal-1a45815d3c64bcd60253041ea521d8d8 |archive-date= Mar 19, 2024 }}</ref>
Since his arrest in August, Khan has been held in the [[Adiala Jail]] in [[Rawalpindi]], where his trial was also held.<ref name="BBC-68138591" /> On 8 February, a PTI official said Khan had been allowed to vote in prison for the [[2024 Pakistani general election]] using a postal ballot.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240208-polls-open-in-pakistan-with-khan-in-jail-and-sharif-tipped-to-win |title=Polls close in Pakistan after millions vote in election marred by violence |work=France 24 |date=8 February 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229094116/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240208-polls-open-in-pakistan-with-khan-in-jail-and-sharif-tipped-to-win |archive-date= Feb 29, 2024 }}</ref> On 12 March 2024, the [[Government of Punjab, Pakistan|Government of Punjab]] imposed a two-week ban on visits to the prison.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-imran-khan-prison-visits-banned-b848f594221a44dd59d8d594ffe55462 |title=Pakistani authorities bar visitors for imprisoned ex-Prime Minister Imran Khan for 2 weeks |work=Associated Press |date=12 March 2024 |first1= Munir |last1=Ahmed |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312160017/https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-imran-khan-prison-visits-banned-b848f594221a44dd59d8d594ffe55462 |archive-date= Mar 12, 2024 }}</ref>
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