Alan Turing: Difference between revisions

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==University and work on computability==
Turing'sAfter unwillingness to work as hard on his classical studies as on science and mathematics caused him to fail to win a scholarship to [[Trinity CollegeSherbone, Cambridge]], and heTuring went on to thestudy college of his second choice,at [[King's College, Cambridge]].{{Citation needed|Oct 2009|date=October 2009}} He was an undergraduate there from 1931 to 1934, graduating with a first -class honours degreein [[Mathematics]], and in 1935 was elected a [[fellow]] at King's on the strength of a dissertation on the [[central limit theorem]].
 
In his momentous paper "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the ''[[Entscheidungsproblem]]''"<ref>{{ Cite news | last= Turing | first= A.M. | publication-date = 1937 | year = 1936 | title = On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem | periodical = Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society | series = 2 | volume = 42 | pages = 230–65 | doi= 10.1112/plms/s2-42.1.230 | url = http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/activities/ieg/e-library/sources/tp2-ie.pdf}} (and {{Cite news | last = Turing | first = A.M. | publication-date = 1937 | title = On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem: A correction | periodical = Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society | series = 2 | volume = 43 | pages = 544–6 | doi = 10.1112/plms/s2-43.6.544 | year = 1938 }})</ref> (submitted on 28 May 1936), Turing reformulated [[Kurt Gödel]]'s 1931 results on the limits of proof and computation, replacing Gödel's universal arithmetic-based formal language with what are now called [[Turing machine]]s, formal and simple devices. He proved that some such machine would be capable of performing any conceivable mathematical computation if it were representable as an [[algorithm]].