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An attempt by some of the Muslims of Lucera, in 1239, to return to Sicily was prevented with the use of force from the imperial authorities, who sent back to Lucera as many as those who managed to disembark in the island of their birth.<ref>''Codice diplomatico dei saraceni di Lucera'', Pietro Egidi ed., Naples: Pierro e Figlio, 1917, vol. 5, part 1, pp. 588–592 (esp. p. 590).</ref> From 1240 the resettlement in continental Italy was considered completed, for in 1239 a chronicle reports, possibly exaggerating, there were no more than 12 Christians in the whole city of Lucera.
The Muslim colony of Lucera was evangelized by the [[Dominican Order|Dominican friars]] who, under Imperial licence, as requested by the Pope, were authorized to preach and to attempt to convert the ''infedeli'' (unbelievers), including the [[Jews]], in the city. The results were, usually, decidedly disappointing, in spite of the attempt by the [[Roman Catholic Church|Church]] in 1215 to carry out highly discriminatory measures, in the [[Fourth Council of the Lateran]], that Muslims and [[Jews]] (defined as ''servi camerae'', that is personal property of the Crown <ref>A social condition that was a sort of equivalent to that one of ''[[dhimmi]]'' in the ''[[Divisions of the world in Islam#Dar al-Islam .28House of Islam.29|Dār al-Islām]]''.</ref>) wear [[Jewish hat|clothes that allowed for their easy identification]].<ref>Cesare Colafemmina, "Federico II e gli ebrei", in: ''Federico II e l'Italia. Percorsi, luoghi, segni e strumenti'', Roma, Ed. De Luca-Editalia, 1995, p. 70.</ref> This measure was however accompanied in the Sicilian Kingdom by the Emperor’s permission to the
The Muslim community of Lucera had full freedom to practice its own religion and rites. It had a mosque-cathedral (''[[jamiʿ]]'') of its own, [[Koranic]] schools (''Agarenorum gymnasia'') and a ''[[qadi]]'', able to judge litigation between Muslims, using Islamic ''[[shari'a]]'' law.
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