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CNT may be used as a photovoltaic device not only as an add-in material to increase carrier transport, but also as the photoactive layer itself.<ref name="H6">{{cite journal|journal=Small|year=2008|volume=4|pages=1313–1318|doi=10.1002/smll.200701309|pmid=18702123|title=Nanowelded carbon-nanotube-based solar microcells|issue=9|last1=Chen|first1=Changxin|last2=Lu|first2=Yang|last3=Kong|first3=Eric S.|last4=Zhang|first4=Yafei|last5=Lee|first5=Shuit-Tong}}</ref> The semiconducting single walled CNT (SWCNT) is a potentially attractive material for photovoltaic applications for the unique structural and electrical properties. SWCNT has high electric conductivity (100 times that of copper) and shows ballistic carrier transport, greatly decreasing carrier recombination.<ref name="H7">{{cite book|title=Topics in Applied Physics|volume=80|publisher=Springer|author=Dresselhaus, M. S.|isbn=3-540-72864-3|year=2008}}</ref> The bandgap of the SWCNT is inversely proportional to the tube diameter,<ref name="H7"/> which means that SWCNT may show multiple direct bandgaps matching the solar spectrum.
A strong built-in electric field in SWCNT for efficient photogenerated electron-hole pair separation has been demonstrated by using two asymmetrical metal electrodes with high and low [[work
====Challenges====
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