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A '''detection dog''' or '''sniffer dog''' is a [[dog]] that is trained to use its [[sense]]s to detect substances such as [[explosive]]s, [[illegal drug]]s, wildlife scat, currency, [[blood]], and [[contraband]] electronics such as illicit mobile phones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/kplu/news.newsmain/article/0/1/1533129/KPLU.Local.News/Dogs.Used.to.Sniff.Out.Cell.Phones.in.NW.Prisons|title=KPLU: Dogs Used to Sniff Out Cell Phones in NW Prisons|last=Jenkins|first=Austin|date=22 July 2009|publisher=Publicbroadcasting.net|accessdate=11 November 2010|archivedate=19 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919141516/http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/kplu/news.newsmain/article/0/1/1533129/KPLU.Local.News/Dogs.Used.to.Sniff.Out.Cell.Phones.in.NW.Prisons}}</ref> The sense most used by detection dogs is [[olfaction|smell.]] [[Hunting dog]]s that search for [[Game (food)|game]], and [[search dog]]s that work to find missing humans are generally not considered detection dogs. There is some overlap, as in the case of [[cadaver dog]]s, trained to search for human remains. A [[police dog]] is essentially a detection dog that is used as a resource for police in specific scenarios such as conducting drug raids, finding missing criminals, and locating stashed currency.
Frequently, detection dogs are thought to be used for law enforcement purposes; however, they're also used as a valuable research tool for wildlife biologists. In [[California]], detection dogs are trained to discover [[quagga mussel|quagga mussels]] on boats at public boat ramps because they are a harmful [[invasive species]] for the environment. Detection dogs also tend to be employed for the purposes of finding and collecting the [[feces]] of a diverse array of species, including [[caribou]],<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1890/100071 |title=The influences of wolf predation, habitat loss, and human activity on caribou and moose in the Alberta oil sands |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |volume=9 |issue=10 |pages=546–51 |year=2011 |last1=Wasser |first1=Samuel K |last2=Keim |first2=Jonah L |last3=Taper |first3=Mark L |last4=Lele |first4=Subhash R }}</ref> [[black-footed ferret]], [[killer whale]]<ref>{{cite journal|last2=Booth|first2=Rebecca K.|last3=Hempelmann|first3=Jennifer A.|last4=Koski|first4=Kari L.|last5=Emmons|first5=Candice K.|last6=Baird|first6=Robin W.|last7=Balcomb-Bartok|first7=Kelley|last8=Hanson|first8=M. Bradley|last9=Ford|first9=Michael J.|year=2012|title=Distinguishing the Impacts of Inadequate Prey and Vessel Traffic on an Endangered Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Population|journal=PLoS ONE|volume=7|issue=6|pages=e36842|bibcode=2012PLoSO...736842A|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0036842|pmc=3368900|pmid=22701560|last1=Ayres|first1=Katherine L.|last10=Wasser|first10=Samuel K.}}</ref>, and [[Oregon spotted frog]]. This process is known as wildlife scat detection.
Detection dogs are also seeing use in the medical industry, as studies have revealed that canines are able to detect specific odours associated with numerous medical conditions, such as [[cancer]].
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