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The laboratory moved to its present site in [[West Cambridge]] in 1974.
{{As of|2019}}, 30 Cavendish researchers have won [[Nobel Prize]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/resources/nobel/about.php|title=Nobel Prize Winners who have worked for considerable periods of time at the Cavendish Laboratory|url-status=dead|
==Founding==
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The Cavendish Laboratory was initially located on the [[New Museums Site]], [[Free School Lane]], in the centre of Cambridge. It is named after British chemist and physicist [[Henry Cavendish]]<ref name=history>{{cite web |url=http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/history/ |title=The History of the Cavendish |publisher=University of Cambridge |accessdate=17 August 2015}}</ref><ref name=ahisotry>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofcavendi00londuoft|title=A history of the Cavendish laboratory, 1871-1910}}</ref> for contributions to science<ref>[http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/laboratory/laboratory4_1.htm "Professor and Laboratory "] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118091305/http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/laboratory/laboratory4_1.htm |date=2012-01-18 }}, Cambridge University</ref> and his relative [[William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire]], who served as chancellor of the university and donated funds for the construction of the laboratory.<ref>''The Times'', 4 November 1873, p. 8</ref>
Professor [[James Clerk Maxwell]], the developer of [[electromagnetic theory]], was a founder of the laboratory and the first [[Cavendish Professor of Physics]].<ref>Dennis Moralee, [http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/history/old_maxwell.php "Maxwell's Cavendish"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915013523/http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/history/old_maxwell.php |date=2013-09-15 }}, from the booklet "A Hundred Years and More of Cambridge Physics"</ref> The Duke of Devonshire had given to Maxwell, as head of the laboratory, the manuscripts of Henry Cavendish's unpublished ''Electrical Works''. The editing and publishing of these was Maxwell's main scientific work while he was at the laboratory. Cavendish's work aroused Maxwell's intense admiration and he decided to call the Laboratory (formerly known as the Devonshire Laboratory) the Cavendish Laboratory and thus to commemorate both the Duke and Henry Cavendish.<ref>[http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/museum/area1/maxwell.htm "James Clerk Maxwell"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224014615/http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/museum/area1/maxwell.htm# |date=2015-02-24 }}, Cambridge University</ref><ref name=austin>{{cite web|url=http://www.austinmemories.com/page160/page160.html|title=Austin Wing of the Cavendish Laboratory|url-status=dead|
==Physics==
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==Biology==
The Cavendish Laboratory has had an important influence on [[biology]], mainly through the application of [[X-ray crystallography]] to the study of structures of biological molecules. [[Francis Crick]] already worked in the Medical Research Council Unit, headed by [[Max Perutz]]<ref name=perutz>{{Cite journal | last1 = Blow | first1 = D. M. |
The discovery was made on 28 February 1953; the first Watson/Crick paper appeared in ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' on 25 April 1953. Sir [[Lawrence Bragg]], the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, where Watson and Crick worked, gave a talk at [[Guy's Hospital]] Medical School in London on Thursday 14 May 1953 which resulted in an article by Ritchie Calder in the ''[[News Chronicle]]'' of London, on Friday 15 May 1953, entitled "Why You Are You. Nearer Secret of Life." The news reached readers of ''[[The New York Times]]'' the next day; Victor K. McElheny, in researching his biography, ''Watson and DNA: Making a Scientific Revolution'', found a clipping of a six-paragraph ''New York Times'' article written from London and dated 16 May 1953 with the headline "Form of `Life Unit' in Cell Is Scanned." The article ran in an early edition and was then pulled to make space for news deemed more important. (''The New York Times'' subsequently ran a longer article on 12 June 1953). The Cambridge University undergraduate newspaper ''[[Varsity (Cambridge)|Varsity]]'' also ran its own short article on the discovery on Saturday 30 May 1953. Bragg's original announcement of the discovery at a [[Solvay Conference]] on [[proteins]] in Belgium on 8 April 1953 went unreported by the British press.
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# [[Charles Glover Barkla]] (Physics, 1917)
# [[Francis William Aston]] (Chemistry, 1922)
# [[Charles Thomson Rees Wilson]]<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Blackett | first1 = P. M. S. |
# [[Arthur Compton]] (Physics, 1927)
# Sir [[Owen Willans Richardson]] (Physics, 1928)
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# Sir [[Edward Victor Appleton]] (Physics, 1947)
# [[Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett]] (Physics, 1948)
# Sir [[John Cockcroft]]<ref name=cockcroft>{{Cite journal | last1 = Oliphant | first1 = M. L. E.|
# [[Ernest Walton]] (Physics, 1951)
# [[Francis Crick]] (Physiology or Medicine, 1962)
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# [[Max Perutz]] (Chemistry, 1962)
# Sir [[John Kendrew]] (Chemistry, 1962)
# [[Dorothy Hodgkin]]<ref name=hodgkin>{{Cite journal | last1 = Dodson | first1 = Guy|
# [[Brian Josephson]] (Physics, 1973)
# Sir [[Martin Ryle]] (Physics, 1974)
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# [[Allan McLeod Cormack]] (Physiology or Medicine, 1979)
# [[Mohammad Abdus Salam]] (Physics, 1979)
# Sir [[Aaron Klug]]<ref name=klug>{{Cite journal | last1 = Amos | first1 = L. | last2 = Finch | first2 = J. T. | title = Aaron Klug and the revolution in biomolecular structure determination | doi = 10.1016/j.tcb.2004.01.002 | journal = Trends in Cell Biology | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 148–152 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15003624
# [[Didier Queloz]] (Physics, 2019)
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* Theory of Condensed Matter,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/|title=Theory of Condensed Matter group}}</ref> which is the dominant theoretical group.
* Electron Microscopy Group <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-hrem.msm.cam.ac.uk/|title=Electron Microscopy Group}}</ref> led by [[Archibald Howie|Archie Howie]]
* [[Radio Astronomy]] (led by [[Martin Ryle]]<ref name=ryle>{{Cite journal | last1 = Graham-Smith | first1 = F. |
*Semiconductor Physics<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sp.phy.cam.ac.uk/|title=Semiconductor Physics Group}}</ref>
* Atomic, Mesoscopic and Optical Physics (AMOP) Group<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amop.phy.cam.ac.uk |title=AMOP group}}</ref> led by Zoran Hadzibabic
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==Cavendish staff==
{{As of|2015}} the laboratory is headed by Andy Parker <ref name=parker>{{cite web |url=http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/directory/parkera |title=Andy Parker FInstP, CPhys, Professor of High Energy Physics |publisher=University of Cambridge |
===Notable senior academic staff===
{{As of|2015}} senior academic staff ([[Professor]]s or [[Reader (academic rank)|Reader]]s) include:<ref name=staff>{{cite web |
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