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Dibutyl phthalate

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Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a commonly used plasticizer. It is also used as an additive to adhesives or printing inks. It is soluble in various organic solvents, e.g. in alcohol, ether and benzene.

Dibutyl phthalate
File:DibutylPhthalate.png
Names
IUPAC name
Dibutyl phthalate
Other names
Di-n-butyl phthalate, Butyl phthalate, n-Butyl phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester, o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester, DBP, Palatinol C, Elaol
Identifiers
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.416 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 201-557-4
RTECS number
  • TI0875000
Properties
C16H22O4
Molar mass 278.35 g/mol
Appearance Colorless oily liquid
Density 1.05 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Melting point -35 °C
Boiling point 340 °C
0.013 g/l
log P 4.72
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Dangerous for the environment (N), Harmful (Xi)
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
1
0
Flash point 157 °C c.c.
Explosive limits 0.5 - 3.5%
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Health Risks and Legislative Control

European Union
The use of this substance in cosmetics, including nail polishes is banned in the European Union under Directive 76/768/EEC 1976. [1]. [2]

The use of DBP has been restricted in the European Union for use in children's toys since 1999.[3]
United States of America (California)
DBP was added to the California Proposition 65 (1986) List of suspected teratogens in November 2006. It is a suspected endocrine disruptor. It was used in some nail polishes; all major producers began eliminating this chemical from nail polishes in the Fall of 2006.

Production

Production of DBP by direct esterification of n-butanol and phthalic anhydride

Exposure

Based on urine samples from people of different ages, the European Commission Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) concluded that total exposures to individual phthalates in the general population are below tolerable daily intakes (TDI), except in the case of DBP for which efforts to further reduce exposures are needed.[4]

Obesity

A study on CDC data published in Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP), revealed that American men with abdominal obesity or insulin resistance (a precursor to diabetes) were more likely to have high levels of DEHP and DBP metabolites in their urine than men without those problems.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ [1] EU Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products]
  2. ^ Example of a nail polish recall in Ireland of nail polish containing dibutyl phthalate
  3. ^ Ban of phthalates in childcare articles and toys, press release IP/99/829, 10 November 1999
  4. ^ "Phthalates in school supplies". GreenFacts Website. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  5. ^ Fat's Hidden Trigger


 

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