Lady Grizel Baillie, née Hume, (25 December 1665 – 6 December 1746) was a Scottish gentlewoman and songwriter. Her accounting ledgers, in which she kept details about her household for more than 50 years, provide information about social life in Scotland in the eighteenth century.
Lady Grizel Baillie | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Grizel Hume 25 December 1665 |
| Died | 6 December 1746 (aged 80) |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Occupation | songwriter |
| Notable work | Were na my heart licht I wad die |
Biography
edit
Born at Redbraes Castle, Berwickshire, Grizel Hume was the eldest daughter of Grisell Ker and Sir Patrick Hume (later Earl of Marchmont).[1][2] When she was twelve years old, she carried letters from her father to a Scottish conspirator in the Rye House Plot, Robert Baillie of Jerviswood, who was then in prison. Hume's sympathy for Baillie made him a suspected man and the king's troops occupied Redbraes Castle. He remained in hiding for some time in the crypt of Polwarth Church, where his daughter smuggled food to him; but on hearing of the execution of Baillie (1684), he fled to the United Provinces, where his family joined him soon after. They returned to Scotland after the Glorious Revolution.[3]
In 1692, Lady Grizel married George Baillie, son of Robert.[3] The couple had first met when they were twelve and supposedly, fell in love at that point. What is known for certain is that after returning to Scotland, Lady Grizel turned down the offer to be one of Queen Mary's maids of honour,[1] and insisted to her parents on marrying Baillie over a more advantageous match. The couple had two daughters: Grizel (1692–1759), who married British Army officer Sir Alexander Murray of Stanhope in 1710; and Rachel (1696–1773), who married Charles Lord Binning in 1717 (and whose son Thomas became the seventh Earl of Haddington).[3] They also had a short-lived son, Robert (23 February 1694 – 28 February 1696).
She died in London on 6 December 1746, and was buried at Mellerstain on 25 December, her eighty-first birthday.[4][5]
Works
editSongs
editHer elder daughter, Lady Grizel Murray of Stanhope, had in her possession a manuscript in prose and verse of her mother's songs. Some of them had been printed in Allan Ramsay's, Tea-Table Miscellany. The most famous of Lady Grizel's Scots songs, "And werena my heart light I wad dee", originally appeared in William Thomson's Orpheus Caledonius, or a Collection of the Best Scotch Songs (1725).[3]
Household books
editLady Grizel Baillie's account books, meticulously kept from 1692 to 1746, reveal information about social life in Scotland in the eighteenth century. Her entries begin late into her first year of marriage and end just before her death. They consist of more than a thousand pages of entries. In 1911 the Scottish Historical Society published a 400-page scholarly edition of Lady Grizel Baillie's accounts, edited by Robert Scott-Moncrieff. This edition focused mainly on the entries from 1692 to 1718, which give extensive details about the early years of the Baillies’ marriage, the births and upbringing of their children, and the marriages of their daughters.[6] Historians have cited these accounts to demonstrate cost of goods and to provide evidence for the caloric intake of servants during this period.[7]
Legacy
editA great deal is known about George and Grizel Baillie's marriage and family thanks to the biography written by their daughter, Grizel Baillie, Lady Murray. Although not intended for publication, the biography appeared in print in 1809 in Observations on the Historical Work of the Right Honorable Charles James Fox under the title, "Lady Murray's Narrative". George Baillie's Correspondence (1702-1708) was edited by Lord Minto for the Bannatyne Club in 1842.[3]
Lady Grizel also was memorialized by a Scottish poet who claimed to be a distant relative,[8][9] Joanna Baillie, in a poem first published in 1821 in Metrical Legends of Exalted Characters.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Ewan, Elizabeth, ed. (2017). The new biographical dictionary of Scottish women. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 23. ISBN 9781474436298. OCLC 1057237368.
- ^ Tytler, Sarah; Watson, J.L. (1871). The songstresses of Scotland. Vol. 1. London: Strahan & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433067282479. OCLC 991471905.
- ^ a b c d e One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Baillie, Lady Grizel". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 219.
- ^ Grosart, Alexander Balloch (1885). . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 413–14.
- ^ Lang, Jean; Lang, John (1916). Stories of the Border Marches. T. C. & E. C. Jack Ltd. p. 64.
- ^ House Book of Lady Grisell Baillie at Archive.org
- ^ Gibson, A. J. S.; Smout, T. C. (1995). Prices, Food and Wages in Scotland, 1550-1780. Cambridge University Press. pp. 235–36. ISBN 978-0-521-34656-6.
- ^ Carlyle, Thomas (2020). Essays on literature. Oakland, California: University of California Press. p. 385. ISBN 978-0-520-33984-2. OCLC 1122692456.
- ^ "Lady Grizel Baillie, 25 December 1665 – 6 December 1746, Songwriter". Saltire Society Scotland. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ Baillie, Joanna (1821). Metrical Legends of exalted characters: By Joanna Baillie, Author of Plays ... Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown. pp. 249–316.
Further reading
edit- Abernethy, Lesley (2020), Lady Grisell Baillie, Mistress of Mellerstain, Matador, Leicestershire, ISBN 978-1-83859-367-4
- Baillie, Grizel. The Household Book of Lady Grisell Baillie (1692–1733), edited with notes and introduction by Robert Scott-Moncrieff. Edinburgh: Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society, 1911.
- MacDonald, Jasmine. The Baillies of Mellerstain: The Household Economy in an Eighteenth-Century Elite Household. Masters Thesis, University of Saskatchewan, 2010.