Wikipedia

M56 motorway

(Redirected from M56 motorway (Great Britain))

The M56 motorway serves the Cheshire and Greater Manchester areas of England. It runs east to west from junction 4 of the M60 at Gatley, south of Manchester, to Dunkirk, approximately four miles (six kilometres) north of Chester. With a length of 33.3 miles (53.6 km), it connects North Wales and the Wirral peninsula with much of the rest of North West England, serves business and commuter traffic heading towards Manchester, particularly that from the wider Cheshire area, and provides the main road access to Manchester Airport from the national motorway network.[citation needed]

M56 shield
M56
North Cheshire Motorway

Shown in North West England

Shown with the UK motorway network
M56 motorway from A5117.JPG
Looking east from Junction 14
Route information
Part of E22
Maintained by National Highways
Length33.3 mi (53.6 km)
Existed1971–present
History
  • Opened: 1971
  • Completed: 1981
Major junctions
East endCheadle
Major intersections
West endMollington
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
CountiesGreater Manchester, Cheshire
Primary
destinations
Road network
← M55→ M57

Between junctions 9 and 16, the motorway forms part of the unsigned European route E22 on its route in the UK between Holyhead in Anglesey and Immingham in Lincolnshire.

Route

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Although the main line of the motorway starts as a continuation of the A5103 Princess Parkway, the M56 begins on the Sharston Spur (also known as the Sharston Bypass)[according to whom?] where it leaves the M60 motorway at its junction 4 (clockwise exit and anticlockwise entry), adjacent to where the slip roads for the A34 to and from Manchester merge and diverge. After passing through junctions 1 and 2, the spur joins the main line at junction 3, increasing the motorway from two lanes to four in each direction.

The motorway then heads south to the west of Wythenshawe and Manchester Airport until it reaches junction 6, where it turns west before crossing into Cheshire at the River Bollin underbridge. It runs to the south of Hale before reaching junctions 7 and 8 which are part of the same interchange complex. Junction 8 was planned to be used by the proposed A556(M),[citation needed] but is now a single 270-degree loop between the southbound onslip from Bowdon roundabout to the westbound carriageway since the A556 towards the M6 motorway was upgraded to dual carriageway in 2017.[1] Traffic destined for the southbound M6 is directed to leave here (because there are no corresponding slip roads at its own junction) and so the junction can suffer from congestion.[according to whom?] Traffic levels on the mainline drop significantly as the motorway begins to assume a more traditional feel (three lanes and a hard shoulder per direction) whilst passing between Broomedge and High Legh.

After meeting the M6 at junction 9, the motorway passes south of Appleton Thorn and Stretton before reaching the outskirts of Runcorn at junction 11, near to where it also crosses over the Bridgewater Canal and the West Coast Main Line. On the other side of the town lies junction 12, whose northern roundabout morphed into a signalised hamburger junction[clarification needed] when the Mersey Gateway bridge was built.[2] The concrete multi-span Weaver Viaduct (crossing both the river and its navigation course) immediately follows junction 12 and offers views of the town of Frodsham and its railway viaduct, along with the INEOS chemical plant and Rocksavage Power Station on the opposite side. Between junctions 12 and 14, it runs parallel to the River Mersey, Manchester Ship Canal, a 400 kV overhead power line and the Chester-Warrington railway. After meeting the M53 motorway, the road finally returns to two lanes, it proceeds between Chester to the south and Ellesmere Port to its termination at Dunkirk, Cheshire, where it becomes the A494.

Traffic destined for North Wales can use either the M53 or the A494 to reach the A55.

The motorway is fully lit between the M60 and junction 6 (including all of its spurs) along with the junctions with both the M6 and M53.

There are two motorway service areas on the M56: Chester (operated by Roadchef) and Lymm (operated by Moto, which is also accessible from the M6).

History

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The first proposal for a motorway across north Cheshire was mooted in 1947 in a report commissioned by Cheshire County Council,[3] with a line for the route of the motorway being agreed in 1958 between the council and the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation.[4] The first section, announced in November 1963 by the transport minister Ernest Marples, was a southwards extension of the Princess Parkway from Wythenshawe in Manchester to the A56 and A556 at Bowdon which entered the Trunk Road Programme for 1967/1968.[4] Construction began in 1968,[5] and the motorway opened in stages between 1971 and 1981:[citation needed]

Proposals existed for an extension into North Wales across the proposed Dee Barrage,[6][7] but these have never materialised.

The carriageway between junctions 4 and 6 was widened from the original dual three-lane configuration to dual four lanes during the 1990s as part of a nationwide motorway widening programme first proposed in the 1989 Roads to Prosperity white paper.[8] Junction 5 became a lane drop/gain[clarification needed] in both directions whereas junction 4 was reconfigured from a two-bridge roundabout to a signalised half-diamond[clarification needed] with a single bridge.[9]

Prior to 2008, the western end of the motorway terminated at a roundabout on the A5117. Work began in 2006 to grade-separate[clarification needed] this junction (and others) to allow free-flowing traffic between the motorway and the A550 at Deeside in North Wales, meaning that the mainline motorway no longer connects to the roundabout (it meets the extended A494 head-on 235 m (771 ft) east),[10] with the former eastbound carriageway retained as an on-slip.[11]

Construction

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Wythenshawe to Gatley

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Junctions 1 to 3. The route was fixed in April 1970.[12] The contract for the western section was given in February 1973 to Peter Lind & Company for £1,245,700.[13] The eastern section contract, for around £5 million, was given to Leonard Fairclough & Son in December 1971. The western section opened in May 1975, and the eastern section opened in March 1974.

Bowdon to Wythenshawe

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Junctions 3a to 7, 7 miles (11 km). The route was fixed in early April 1968, to start at the end of 1968.[14] The contract was given at the end of July 1969, for £6,727,920 to Holland, Hannen & Cubitts.[15] It opened in January 1972. [16] The tensioned central reservation barrier was made by Hill & Smith of Brierley Hill, then in Staffordshire.[17]

Preston Brook to Bowdon

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Junctions 7 to 11, 11 miles (18 km). The draft route was announced December 1969 by Fred Mulley.[18] The inquiry was at Stockton Heath in July 1970.[19] The route was fixed in September 1971 by Peter Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester.[20] In October 1972, contracts were given by Graham Page for £6.3 million to Marples Ridgway for Preston Brook to Lymm, and to Robert McGregor & Sons for 5.2 miles (8.4 km) from Lymm to Bowdon for £4.65 million.[21][22] The Croft Interchange (junction 9), with the M6, took up 180 acres (73 ha) of land.[23] Bowdon to Lymm (7 to 9) opened in December 1974.[24][25] Preston Brook to Lymm (9 to 11) was opened in July 1975 by Gordon Oakes; the section should have opened in the autumn of 1974, but was held up by bad weather.[26][27]

Hapsford to Preston Brook

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Junctions 11 to 14, 8 miles (13 km). The 200-foot (61 m) bridge over the Chester–Warrington line, at Clifton, was built with PTFE joints and rolled into place in October 1968, known as incremental launch; it was built by Leonard Fairclough & Son, and designed by Husband & Company.[28] The contract for the Hapsford to Preston Brook section was given on in November 1968, for £6.07 million to Christiani-Shand, for 8 miles to take 24 months, and to be finished by December 1970, with main work started in December 1968.[29][30] Hapsford to Sutton Weaver (12 to 14) opened in February 1971 at 11 am. The A557 to Preston Brook (11 to 12), 3 miles (4.8 km), opened in September 1971.[31]

Lea-by-Backford to Hapsford

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Junctions 14 to 16. Plans were extended eastwards 6 miles (9.7 km) to Lea-by-Backford.[32] It had originally been planned as a trunk road corridor, that was belatedly upgraded to be built as a motorway, and the western section had only two lanes, much like a trunk road. The first two were contracts awarded in February 1978.[33] The last contract of the M56 from Stoak to Lea-by-Backford was awarded in September 1978. The contract for the southerly M531 to Hoole had not yet been given.[34][35]

The last section was started October 1978 by Alfred McAlpine. Percy Bilton Ltd of Stone, Staffordshire, built the Stoak Interchange itself. The M56 section opened in March 1981. The section from Stoak to Lea-by-Backford was two-lane only. The one-mile section of the two-lane M531 from the A5117 south to the M56 Stoak Interchange, was also opened on 18 March 1981, being built by Leonard Fairclough & Son. The M531 would become the M53, when it fully opened in 1982.[36][37] This £18 million section was three months late, as construction of the Stoak Interchange had caused the hold up. Hapsford to east of Stoak cost £5.42 million; the Stoak Interchange cost £4.84 million; Stoak to Lea-by-Backford cost £4.32 million. The M531 from Little Stanney to Stoak cost £3.46 million.[38] The final section of the M531 was to open in 1982, from south of Stoak to the A56 near Chester, built by Monk. The M531 was originally planned to be extended to cross the Chester bypass, and terminate on the A41 at Upton-by-Chester, west of Hoole.[39] The M531 extension was planned to open mid-July 1982;[40] the remaining 2.5 miles (4.0 km) M531 section opened in July 1982, costing £14 million.[41]

This contains the only section of the motorway paved with concrete, between junctions 15 and 16. Where it crosses the floodplain of the River Gowy, the carriageway sits on an embankment made of sandstone from a special-purpose quarry, which was constructed to replace existing peat deposits. The junction with the M53 at Stoak was also included in the construction contracts.[42] The M53 Mid Wirral Motorway was mostly built in 1971; it was originally planned to terminate on the A41 at Great Sutton, with a continuation of the Chester bypass to cross an east-west trunk dual carriageway, east of the present western terminus of the M56.[43]

Junctions

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Ceremonial
county 		Location mi km Junction Destinations Notes
Greater Manchester Wythenshawe 0 0 1[coord 1]   M60 – Stockport, Sheffield, Leeds

  A34 – Manchester city centre, Didsbury

Exits to M60 Eastbound and A34 Northbound only
Entrance from M60 Westbound and A34 southbound only
1.2 1.9 2[coord 2]   A560 – Wythenshawe, Cheadle, Wilmslow, Altrincham, Baguley No Eastbound exit or Westbound entrance
1.9 3.1 3[coord 3]   M56 – Stockport, Didsbury, Sheffield, Leeds No Northbound entrance or Southbound exit
Small spur going to junction 3a
— 3a[coord 4]   A560 – Altrincham, Wythenshawe, Cheadle

  A5103 – Manchester city centre, Liverpool, Bolton

2.8 4.5 4[coord 5] Sharston, Newall Green No Southbound entrance or Northbound exit
Hale Barns 3.4 5.4 5[coord 6]   A555 – Manchester Airport
4.3 6.9 6[coord 7]   A538 – Wilmslow, Hale, Macclesfield
Cheshire Bowdon 7.9 12.8 7[coord 8]   A56 – Lymm, Altrincham

  A556 – Northwich,   M6 – Birmingham

Warrington 13.2 21.2 9[coord 9]   M6 – Birmingham, Preston, Leeds, Manchester

  A50 – Warrington, Appleton, Knutsford

16.3 26.2 10[coord 10]   A49 – Whitchurch, Warrington

  A559 – Northwich

Runcorn 19.3 31.1 11[coord 11]   A56 – Northwich, Warrington
22.3 35.8 12[coord 12]   A557 – Frodsham, Runcorn
Ellesmere Port 27.4 44.2 14[coord 13]   A5117 – Helsby, Frodsham, Stanlow
30.6 49.3 15[coord 14]   M53 – Chester, Wrexham, Ellesmere Port, Birkenhead No Eastbound exits or Westbound entrances
34.0 54.8 16[coord 15]   A494 – Queensferry

  A540 – Chester   A5117 – Ellesmere Port

1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
Coordinate list
  1. ^ 53°23′55″N 2°14′04″W / 53.3985°N 2.2344°W / 53.3985; -2.2344 (Junction 1 of M56)
  2. ^ 53°23′47″N 2°15′26″W / 53.3965°N 2.2572°W / 53.3965; -2.2572 (Junction 2 of M56)
  3. ^ 53°23′37″N 2°16′14″W / 53.3937°N 2.2706°W / 53.3937; -2.2706 (Junction 3 of M56)
  4. ^ 53°23′57″N 2°16′14″W / 53.3993°N 2.2706°W / 53.3993; -2.2706 (Junction 3a of M56)
  5. ^ 53°22′54″N 2°16′41″W / 53.3816°N 2.2781°W / 53.3816; -2.2781 (Junction 4 of M56)
  6. ^ 53°22′29″N 2°17′14″W / 53.3748°N 2.2872°W / 53.3748; -2.2872 (Junction 5 of M56)
  7. ^ 53°21′46″N 2°17′46″W / 53.3628°N 2.2961°W / 53.3628; -2.2961 (Junction 6 of M56)
  8. ^ 53°21′46″N 2°23′08″W / 53.3627°N 2.3856°W / 53.3627; -2.3856 (Junction 7 of M56)
  9. ^ 53°21′09″N 2°30′10″W / 53.3525°N 2.5029°W / 53.3525; -2.5029 (Junction 9 of M56)
  10. ^ 53°20′05″N 2°34′16″W / 53.3346°N 2.5712°W / 53.3346; -2.5712 (Junction 10 of M56)
  11. ^ 53°19′37″N 2°38′36″W / 53.3270°N 2.6432°W / 53.3270; -2.6432 (Junction 11 of M56)
  12. ^ 53°18′40″N 2°42′18″W / 53.3110°N 2.7050°W / 53.3110; -2.7050 (Junction 12 of M56)
  13. ^ 53°15′59″N 2°48′13″W / 53.2663°N 2.8036°W / 53.2663; -2.8036 (Junction 14 of M56)
  14. ^ 53°15′01″N 2°52′07″W / 53.2502°N 2.8687°W / 53.2502; -2.8687 (Junction 15 of M56)
  15. ^ 53°14′34″N 2°56′36″W / 53.2427°N 2.9432°W / 53.2427; -2.9432 (Junction 16 of M56)
M56 motorway junctions
mile km Eastbound exits (B Carriageway) Junction Westbound exits (A Carriageway)
Motorway merges onto M60 continuing towards Stockport M60 J4 Start of motorway
(Sharston Spur)
Manchester City Centre, Didsbury A34 J1 No access (on-slip only)
No access (on-slip only) J2 Altrincham, Wythenshawe A560, Liverpool (M62), Bolton (M61) (M60)
Manchester City Centre, (M60(N&W)), (M62(W)), (M61) (A5103) J3
(TOTSO EB) 		No access (on-slip only)
7.2 11.6 No access (on-slip only) J4 Wythenshawe
7.8 12.6 Manchester   J5 Manchester  , Quarry Bank Mill
8.9 14.3 Hale, Wilmslow, Macclesfield A538 J6 Wilmslow, Hale, Macclesfield, Manchester Airport Freight Terminal A538
Entering Greater Manchester River Bollin
River Bollin Entering Cheshire
12.4 19.9 Northwich A556, Altrincham A56 J7 Birmingham (M6(S)), Northwich A556,

Lymm A56

No access J8 No access (on-slip only)
17.6 28.3 Preston, Birmingham M6, Leeds, Manchester (N) (M62), Lymm (A50)
Lymm Truck Stop 		J9
Services 		Preston M6, Liverpool (M62), Warrington, Lymm (A50)
Lymm Truck Stop
20.8 33.4 Warrington, Northwich A49 J10 Northwich, Warrington A49
23.8 38.3 Runcorn (East), Warrington A56 J11 Preston Brook, Daresbury A56
26.8 43.1 Liverpool  , Runcorn, Widnes A557 J12 Liverpool  , Frodsham, Runcorn, Widnes A557
Weaver Viaduct
31.9 51.4 Stanlow, Helsby A5117
Chester services 		J14
Services 		Helsby, Stanlow, Chester Zoo A5117
Chester services
34.5 55.6 No access (on-slip only) J15 Chester, Wrexham M53
No access (on-slip only) Ellesmere Port, Birkenhead M53
Start of motorway   J16 No access
Ellesmere Port A5117, Whitchurch (A41)
Non-motorway traffic 		End of motorway  
Road continues as A494 towards North Wales
Princess Parkway Spur
End of motorway  
Road continues as A5103 towards Manchester 		J3A Sharston, Altrincham, Baguley A560
Altrincham, Wythenshawe, Wythenshawe  , Cheadle A560 Start of motorway
(Princess Parkway Spur)  
Airport Spur
End of motorway  
Wilmslow, Wythenshawe A555 (B5166), Business Park, Terminal 3
Terminal 1, 		  Start of motorway
(Airport Spur)  
Terminal 2 No access (on-slip only)
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi


Data from driver location signs is used to provide distance information.[44]

Junction 7 slip closures

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At junction 7 in July 2009, the slip road letting traffic come in southbound along the M56 and turn onto the A556 southbound was closed while the bridge where it crosses the M56 (the Bowdon View Bridge), which for many years had had a weight restriction, was worked on; traffic intending to use it had to carry on to junction 10 and there turn round, or go through the centre of Altrincham; traffic for the nearby Tatton Park Flower Show, and the resulting closure to through traffic of the minor road along the southwest edge of Tatton Park from Ashley, Cheshire to Mere, Cheshire (which would otherwise have acted as a bypass for people living in the area), added to the resulting congestion.

In October and November 2010, the bridge was demolished and replaced.[45][46][47][48]

Thorley Lane bridge replacement

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On Saturday 28 February and Sunday 1 March 2015, the new concrete girders of the Thorley Lane bridge a little north of Manchester Airport were put in. (The old bridge was demolished because it was found to be cracking.) The M56 was closed over that weekend for this. This caused much traffic congestion from M56 traffic diverted through Altrincham and Wythenshawe and along Styal Road and Kingsway, starting on Thursday 26 March because of work putting cones on the carriageway.

Traffic counts

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[49]

Section Capacity AADT (2019) Count point data
J1-J2 D2 96,643   6046, 73773
J2-J3 72,019   36045
J3-J3A
(Princess Parkway Spur) 		D3 102,674   99833
J3-J4 D4 174,693   26047
J4-J5 150,675   6047
Airport Spur D2 67,863   89289
J5-J6 D4 138,257   16044
J6-J7 D3 118,528   46044
J7-J8 82,528   8025
J8-J9 87,582   6048
J9-J10 117,996   56047, 73275
J10-J11 107,049   16045, 73448
J11-J12 100,488   46045
J12-J14 113,408   26049, 73282
J14-J15 120,523   7831
J15-J16 D2 44,042   37919

Upgrades

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Junction J6 to J8 Smart Motorway

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The government announced in August 2015[50] that the motorway between junctions 6 and 8 would be upgraded to a smart motorway as part of its Northern Powerhouse strategy; work began in 2020 and was completed in early 2023, originally anticipated for late 2021.[51] The project will with the exception of the slip roads at the airport junction give the motorway four running lanes on each carriageway between junctions 6 and 8, with an already existing standard motorway with 4 lanes from junction 6 to junction 3. As the work on the lanes is finished, the temporary speed limit was increased to 60mph in March 2023, with all lanes open. The 70mph national speed limit was to be reapplied when National Highways systems finished final commissioning work.

Junction 11a

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There was also to be a new junction 11a at Runcorn between the existing junctions 11 and 12 to relieve heavy congestion on this stretch and serve the new Mersey Gateway bridge. However, this project was cancelled by Highways England in Spring 2020 as it didn't represent value for money.[52][53]

M56 corridor

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"The M56 corridor" is a term used by estate agents and social geographers to describe what is considered to be a relatively affluent area of North West England, within easy reach of the M56. The area includes the cities of Manchester and Chester, and commuter towns and villages in rural Cheshire. It also includes Warrington and Runcorn, where the chemical and pharmaceutical industries are prominent.[54]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "New £192m bypass opens linking M6 and M56 motorways". BBC News. BBC. 6 March 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
  2. ^ "Section 8: M56 Junction 12". www.merseygateway.co.uk. Mersey Gateway Project. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  3. ^ Chapman, W. Dobson (1947). County Palatine: A Survey and Plan for Cheshire.
  4. ^ a b "The Motorway Archive - M56 Scheme Introduction". Iht.org. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  5. ^ "The Motorway Archive - M56 Dates Page". Iht.org. Archived from the original on 21 August 2008. Retrieved 1 January 2012.[dead link‍]
  6. ^ "The Motorway Archive - M56 J16 to J14". Iht.org. Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 1 January 2012.[dead link‍]
  7. ^ Department of the Official Report (Hansard) House of Commons Westminster. "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 23 July 1993 - Column 403". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  8. ^ John Bourn (21 October 1993). "Progress on the Department of Transport's Motorway Widening Programme" (PDF). www.nao.org.uk. National Audit Office. p. 35. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  9. ^ "Wythenshawe Junction". www.sabre-roads.org.uk. The Society for All British and Irish Road Enthusiasts. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  10. ^ "The M56 Motorway (Hapsford to Lea-by-Backford Section) and Connecting Roads Scheme 1976 (Partial Revocation) Scheme 2006". www.legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  11. ^ "Highways Agency - A5117 / A550 Deeside Park Junctions Improvement". Highways.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  12. ^ Runcorn Guardian Thursday 9 April 1970, page 10
  13. ^ Runcorn Guardian Friday 16 February 1973, page 17
  14. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 4 April 1968, page 5
  15. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 24 July 1969, page 5
  16. ^ Liverpool Echo Tuesday 28 December 1971, page 12
  17. ^ Runcorn Guardian Friday 7 January 1972, page 14
  18. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 4 December 1969, page 8
  19. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 28 May 1970, page 2
  20. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 9 September 1971, page 2
  21. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 5 October 1972, page 7
  22. ^ Liverpool Echo Friday 29 September 1972, page 10
  23. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 26 April 1974, page 14
  24. ^ Liverpool Echo Friday 6 December 1974, page 7
  25. ^ Cheshire Observer Friday 13 December 1974, page 6
  26. ^ Liverpool Echo Thursday 3 July 1975, page 3
  27. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 10 July 1975, page 4
  28. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 3 October 1968, page 16
  29. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 7 November 1968, page 8
  30. ^ Derby Evening Telegraph Monday 11 November 1968, page 7
  31. ^ Runcorn Weekly News Thursday 23 September 1971, page 22
  32. ^ Liverpool Echo Tuesday 8 May 1973, page 7
  33. ^ Cheshire Observer Friday 17 February 1978, page 12
  34. ^ Cheshire Observer Friday 15 September 1978, page 7
  35. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 15 September 1978, page 1
  36. ^ Cheshire Observer Friday 13 March 1981, page 30
  37. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 20 March 1981, page 21
  38. ^ Runcorn Guardian Friday 20 March 1981, page 7
  39. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 16 July 1971, page 6
  40. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 26 March 1982, page 3
  41. ^ Chester Chronicle Friday 30 July 1982, page 21
  42. ^ "M56 Lea-by-Backford to Hapsford (J16 to J14)". www.iht.org. The Motorway Archive Trust. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  43. ^ Cheshire Observer Friday 16 January 1970, page 29
  44. ^ Driver Location Signs, Highway Agency Area 10 (map) - Highway Authority, 2009
  45. ^ "Bridge repair work on M56 extended to three weekends". BBC News. 18 October 2010. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  46. ^ "M56 Bowdon View Bridge successfully demolished". Fidgetwith.com. 18 October 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  47. ^ "M56 Junction 7 Bowdon View Bridge Replacement and Junction Improvement". Highways.gov.uk. 4 July 2011. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  48. ^ "M56 bridge repair works continue near Bowdon". BBC News. 23 October 2010.
  49. ^ "Stockport Traffic counts". dft.gov.uk. Department for Transport. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
  50. ^ Clay, Oliver (11 August 2015). "Government confirms M56 will be upgraded to smart motorway with extra junction in Runcorn". CheshireLive. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  51. ^ "M56 junction 6 to 8 smart motorway". www.highwaysengland.co.uk. Highways England. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  52. ^ "Building of new M56 junction in Cheshire to start in less than three years - Cheshire Live".
  53. ^ "A Highways England road project - M56 new junction 11a". highways.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  54. ^ "M56 corridor dated 2008-09-17". Property Week article. 19 April 2002. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2012.(subscription required)
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