A national museum can be a museum maintained and funded by a national government.[1] In many countries it denotes a museum run by the central government, while other museums are run by regional or local governments.[2] In the United States, most national museums are privately funded and operated, but have been designated by Congress as national institutions that are important to the country. In other countries a much greater number of museums are run by the central government.[3]
The following is an incomplete list of national museums:
Afghanistan
editAlbania
editThe Albanian government operates several national museums, including:
Algeria
editAngola
editArgentina
editThe Argentinian Ministry of Culture operates several national museums, including:
Armenia
editAustralia
editThe Australian Government operates several national museums through its various departments, including:
- Australian National Maritime Museum
- Australian War Memorial
- National Gallery of Australia
- National Museum of Australia
- National Portrait Gallery (Australia)
- Questacon
In addition, a number of states in Australia also operate "national museums". These include:
- National Motor Museum, Birdwood, operated by the government of South Australia
- National Gallery of Victoria, operated by the government of Victoria
Austria
editAzerbaijan
editBahamas
editBahrain
editBangladesh
editBarbados
editBelarus
editBelgium
editThe Federal Public Service for Science Policy Programming in Belgium operates several museum associations:
Belize
editBhutan
editBolivia
editBosnia and Herzegovina
editBotswana
editBrazil
edit- National Historical Museum, Brazil (Museu Histórico Nacional)
- National Museum of Brazil (Museu Nacional)
- National Museum of Fine Arts (Museu Nacional de Belas Artes)
- National Museum of the Republic (Museu Nacional da República)
Brunei
editThe government of Brunei operates several museums including:
Bulgaria
editBurkina Faso
editBurundi
editCambodia
editCanada
editThe following are national museums of Canada, established by the federal government of Canada and operated through an autonomous Crown corporation:
- Canada Agriculture and Food Museum
- Canada Aviation and Space Museum
- Canada Science and Technology Museum
- Canadian Museum for Human Rights
- Canadian Museum of History
- Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21
- Canadian Museum of Nature
- Canadian War Museum
- National Gallery of Canada
- Virtual Museum of New France
Former national museums that were later shut down includes:
In addition to institutions established or operated by the Government of Canada, several provinces and territories have established their own provincial and territorial museums.
Central African Republic
editChad
edit- Chad National Museum (Musee National N'Djamena)
Chile
edit- National Air and Space Museum (Santiago)
- National History Museum[4]
- National Museum of Fine Arts (Santiago)
- National Museum of Natural History (Santiago)
China
editColombia
editComoros
editCongo, Democratic Republic of the
editCosta Rica
editCroatia
editCuba
editCyprus
editCzech Republic
editDenmark
editDjibouti
editDominica
editDominican Republic
editEgypt
editEritrea
editEstonia
editEthiopia
editFiji
editFinland
editFrance
edit- Centre Georges Pompidou (Musée National d'Art Moderne)
- Musée de l'Armée
- Musée Camille Claudel
- Musée de Cluny - National Museum of the Middle-Ages (Musée National du Moyen-Age)
- Musée du Louvre
- Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations (MuCEM)
- Musée d'Orsay
- Museum of Air and Space (Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace)
- Museum of Natural History (Muséum national d'histoire naturelle)
- Museum of Science and Industry (Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie)
- National Navy Museum (Musée national de la Marine)
- National Railway Museum (Musée Français du Chemin de Fer)
Gambia
editGeorgia
edit- Georgian National Museum. Branches:
- Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi
- Samtskhe-Javakheti History Museum, Akhaltsikhe
- Open Air Museum of Ethnography, Tbilisi
- Art Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi
- Museum of the Soviet Occupation, Tbilisi
- Dmanisi Museum-Reserve of History and Archaeology, Dmanisi
- Vani Museum-Reserve of Archaeology, Vani
- Museum of History of Tbilisi, Tbilisi
- Museum of History and Ethnography of Svaneti, Mestia
- Institute of Palaeobiology, Tbilisi[5][6]
- Sighnaghi Museum, Sighnaghi
- Bolnisi Museum, Bolnisi[7]
- Art Palace of Georgia - Museum of Cultural History
Germany
edit- Bavarian National Museum
- German Historical Museum
- German Museum of Technology (Deutsches Technikmuseum Berlin)
- German National Museum (Germanisches Nationalmuseum)
- Glyptothek
- The Max Planck Institutes
- Modern Art Museum (Pinakothek der Moderne)
- National Gallery
- National Museum of Germany (Deutsches Museum)
- New Pinakothek (Neue Pinakothek)
- Old Pinakothek (Alte Pinakothek)
Ghana
editGreece
editGrenada
editGuatemala
editGuinea
editGuinea-Bissau
editGuyana
editHaiti
editHoly See (Vatican City)
editHong Kong
editHungary
editIceland
editIsle of Man
edit- Manx National Heritage (Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin)
India
editNational-level museums in India come directly under the administrative control of Ministry of Culture, Government of India.[8]
- National Museum, New Delhi
- Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
- Indian Museum
- Government Museum, Mathura
- National Gallery of Modern Art
- Allahabad Museum
- Government Museum, Chennai
- Salar Jung Museum
- Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum
- Government Museum and Art Gallery, Chandigarh
- City Palace, Jaipur
- City Palace, Udaipur
- National Handicrafts and Handlooms Museum
- Victoria Memorial
- Jaisalmer War Museum
- Hazarduari Palace
- Sabarmati Ashram
- Cavalry Tank Museum, Ahmednagar
- National Rail Museum, New Delhi
- Railway Museum, Mysore
- Albert Hall Museum
- Madame Tussauds Delhi
- 23 science centers under the National Council of Science Museums
- 44 site museums under the Archaeological Survey of India
Indonesia
editMuseums listed below are operated by Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology and other ministries.
Iran
edit- Abgineh Museum of Tehran (Glassware and Ceramics Museum of Iran)
- Arg-é Bam
- Carpet Museum of Iran
- Golestan Palace
- Iranian National Museum of Medical Sciences History
- Malik National Museum of Iran
- Naghsh-i Jahan Square
- National Car Museum of Iran
- National Museum of Iran
- Niavaran Palace Complex
- Pars Museum of Shiraz
- Pearl Palace (Morvarid Palace)[9]
- Reza Abbasi Museum
- Sadabad Palace
Iraq
editIreland
editIsrael
editItaly
edit- Bargello National Museum (Museo Nazionale del Bargello)
- Galleria degli Uffizi
- National Archeological Museum of Naples (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli)
- National Archaeological Museum of Nuoro
- National Etruscan Museum (Museo Nazionale Etrusco)
- National Gallery of Ancient Art (Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica)
- National Gallery of Modern Art (Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna)
- National Museum of Capodimonte (Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte)
- National Museum of Magna Grecia (Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia)
- National Museum of Oriental Art
- National Museum of Rome
- Pinacoteca di Brera
Japan
editJordan
editKazakhstan
editKenya
editKiribati
editNorth Korea
editSouth Korea
editKosovo
editKuwait
editKyrgyzstan
editLaos
editLatvia
editLebanon
editLiberia
editLibya
editLiechtenstein
editLithuania
editLuxembourg
editMacau
editMalawi
editMalaysia
editMaldives
editMali
editMalta
editMarshall Islands
editMauritania
editMexico
edit- Museo Nacional de Antropología (National Museum of Anthropology)
- Museo Nacional de Historia (National Museum of History)
- Museo Nacional de Arte (National Museum of Art)
- Museo Nacional de las Culturas (National Museum of Cultures)
- Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones (National Museum of the Interventions)
- Museo Nacional del Virreinato (National Museum of the Viceroyalty)
Moldova
editMonaco
editMongolia
editMontenegro
editMorocco
editMyanmar
editNamibia
editNauru
editNepal
editNetherlands
edit- Dordrechts Museum
- EYE Film Institute Netherlands
- Huis Doorn
- Kröller-Müller Museum
- Loevestein
- Mauritshuis
- Muiderslot
- Museum Boerhaave
- Museum Catharijneconvent
- Museum Meermanno
- Museum Mesdag
- National Museum of Ethnology
- Naturalis
- Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum
- Paleis het Loo
- Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
- Rijksmuseum Twenthe
- Rijksmuseum van Oudheden
- Openluchtmuseum
- Van Gogh Museum
- Zuiderzeemuseum
New Zealand
edit- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - commonly known as Te Papa or Our Place in English translation
Niger
edit- Musée National Boubou Hama, formerly National Museum of Niger
Nigeria
editNorth Macedonia
editNorway
editOman
editPakistan
edit- National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi
- Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Islamabad
- National Art Gallery, Islamabad
- Lok Virsa Museum, Islamabad
Palau
editPanama
editPapua New Guinea
editParaguay
editPeru
editPhilippines
editThe National Museum of the Philippines (NMP), a government organization, operates several national museums, including:
The National Museum Complex in Manila which consists of the central museums of the NMP namely the:
The NMP also operates the following satellite museums:
- National Museum Dumaguete
- National Museum Western Visayas
- National Museum Cordillera
- National Museum Ilocos
- National Museum Cagayan Valley
- National Museum Bicol
- National Museum Eastern-Northern Mindanao
- National Museum Western-Southern Mindanao
- National Museum Batanes
- National Museum Marinduque-Romblon
- National Museum Bohol
- National Museum Sulu
- National Museum Kabayan
- National Museum Tabon Caves Site Museum
- National Museum Angono-Binangonan
Poland
editPortugal
edit- Air Museum, part of the Portuguese Air Force
- Grão Vasco National Museum
- Porto Military Museum, part of the Portuguese Army
- National Archaeology Museum
- National Azulejo Museum
- National Coach Museum
- National Museum of Ancient Art
- National Museum of Contemporary Art of Chiado
- National Museum of Costume and Fashion
- National Museum of Ethnology, it includes the Popular Art Museum
- National Museum of Natural History and Science, part of the University of Lisbon
- National Museum Machado de Castro
- National Museum Soares dos Reis
- National Music Museum
- National Railway Museum
- National Theatre and Dance Museum
- Navy Museum, part of the Portuguese Navy
Qatar
editRomania
edit- ASTRA Museum of Traditional Folk Civilization (Muzeul Civilizaţiei Populare Tradiţionale)
- ASTRA Museum of Transylvanian Civilisation (Muzeul Civilizaţiei Transilvane)
- Brukenthal National Museum
- Emil Sigerus Museum of Saxon Ethnography and Folk Art (Muzeul de Etnografie şi Artă Populară Săsească ASTRA)
- Franz Binder Museum of Universal Ethnography (Muzeul de Etnografie Universală ASTRA)
- National History Museum of Romania
- National Military Museum, Romania (Muzeul Militar Naţional)
- National Museum of Art of Romania
Russia
editRwanda
editSaint Kitts and Nevis
editSamoa
editSaudi Arabia
editSenegal
editSerbia
editSierra Leone
editSingapore
editSlovakia
editSlovenia
editSolomon Islands
editSomalia
editSouth Africa
editSouth Sudan
editSpain
edit- National Archaeological Museum, Madrid
- Cervantes' House Museum, Valladolid
- Museum of the Royal Mint, Madrid
- Museum Cerralbo, Madrid
- Aeronautical and Astronautical Museum, Madrid
- Museum of the Americas, Madrid
- Museum of the Army, Toledo
- Catalonia Railway Museum, Vilanova i la Geltrú (Barcelona)
- Railway Museum, Madrid
- El Greco Museum, Toledo
- National Museum of Romanticism, Madrid
- Museum of Garment - Ethnologic Heritage Research Center, Madrid
- Geomineral Museum, Madrid
- Lázaro Galdiano Museum, Madrid
- Queen Sofía Art Center National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum of Anthropology, Madrid
- National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology, Cartagena (Murcia)
- National Museum of Roman Art, Mérida (Badajoz)
- National Museum of Decorative Arts, Madrid
- González Martí National Museum of Ceramics and Decorative Arts, Valencia
- National Museum of Science and Technology, La Coruña and Alcobendas (Madrid)
- National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid
- National Museum of Sculpture, Valladolid
- Prado National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum of Theatre, Almagro (Ciudad Real)
- Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum and Research Center of Altamira, Santillana del Mar (Cantabria)
- Naval Museum, Madrid
- Sephardic Museum, Toledo
- Sorolla Museum, Madrid
- Royal Botanical Garden, Madrid
- National Art Museum of Catalonia (MNAC), Barcelona
- National Museum of Science and Industry of Catalonia (mNACTEC), Terrassa
- Archaeological Museum of Catalonia (MAC), Barcelona, Empúries, Girona, Olèrdola and Ullastret
Sri Lanka
editSudan
editSuriname
editSweden
editSwitzerland
editSyria
editTaiwan
edit- Chunghwa Postal Museum
- National Museum of History
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium
- National Museum of Marine Science and Technology
- National Museum of Natural Science
- National Museum of Prehistory
- National Museum of Taiwan History
- National Museum of Taiwan Literature
- National Palace Museum
- National Radio Museum
- National Science and Technology Museum
- National Taiwan Museum
- National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts
- Republic of China Air Force Museum
- Republic of China Armed Forces Museum
- Southern Branch of the National Palace Museum
Tajikistan
editTanzania
editThailand
editTogo
editTonga
editTrinidad and Tobago
editTunisia
editTurkey
editTurkmenistan
editTurks and Caicos
editUganda
editUkraine
editUnited Arab Emirates
editUnited Kingdom
editEngland
editSponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport
- British Museum
- Victoria & Albert Museum
- Victoria and Albert Museum in London
- V&A Museum of Childhood in London
- Also see 'Scotland' below
- Horniman Museum and Gardens
- Imperial War Museum
- Imperial War Museum London
- Imperial War Museum Duxford
- HMS Belfast (C35)
- Churchill War Rooms
- Imperial War Museum North
- National Museums Liverpool
- Royal Armouries
- Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds
- Tower of London in London
- Fort Nelson in Portsmouth
- Science Museum Group
- The Science Museum in South Kensington, London
- The Science and Industry Museum in Manchester
- The National Railway Museum in York
- The National Railway Museum Shildon in County Durham ("Locomotion")
- The National Science and Media Museum (formerly the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television) in Bradford, and
- The Science Museum at Wroughton in Swindon, Wiltshire.
- Sir John Soane's Museum
- Tate
- The Box, Plymouth in Plymouth, Devon
- Wallace Collection
- Natural History Museum, London
- Geffrye Museum
- National Coal Mining Museum for England, Wakefield
- National Gallery
- National Portrait Gallery
- Royal Museums Greenwich
Sponsored by Ministry of Defence
Sponsored by the Home Office
Northern Ireland
editScotland
edit- National Museums Scotland
- National Museum of Costume
- National Museum of Flight
- National Museum of Rural Life
- National War Museum of Scotland
- Museum of Scotland
- Royal Museum
- V&A Dundee
Wales
editUnited States
edit- Atomic/Nuclear
- Department of Defense:
- Air Force:
- Army:
- Navy:
- National Security Agency:
- National Museum of Intelligence and Special Operations
- Central Intelligence Agency:
- Department of Homeland Security
- National Gallery of Art
- Smithsonian Institution:
- American Art Museum
- Anacostia Community Museum
- Arts and Industries Building
- Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
- Freer Gallery of Art
- Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
- National Air and Space Museum
- National Museum of African American History and Culture
- National Museum of African Art
- National Museum of the American Indian
- National Museum of American History[11]
- National Museum of Natural History
- National Portrait Gallery
- National Postal Museum
- National Zoological Park
- Presidential library system
- Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum
- Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
- Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum
- Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home
- John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
- Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
- Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
- Gerald R. Ford Museum
- Jimmy Carter Library and Museum
- Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
- George H. W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum
- Clinton Presidential Center
- George W. Bush Presidential Center
- Transportation
- Mariners' Museum and Park - National Maritime Museum
- National Railroad Museum
- South Street Seaport Museum - National Maritime Museum
- War Museums/Memorials
- Other
- National Airmail Museum
- National American Museum of Visionary Art
- National Aquarium
- National Building Museum
- National Children’s Museum
- National Civil Rights Museum
- National Constitution Center
- National Law Enforcement Museum
- National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum
- National Museum of Dentistry
- National Museum of Wildlife Art
- National Nordic Museum
- National Quilt Museum
Uruguay
editUzbekistan
editVanuatu
editVenezuela
editVietnam
editYemen
editZambia
editZimbabwe
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Types Of Museums". Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- ^ Culture, Media and Sport - Sixth Report (Report). The Culture, Media and Sport Committee. 2007.
- ^ Grosvenor, Bendor (25 November 2019). "Could national museums in the UK do more to be truly national?". Apollo. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- ^ "Inicio - Museo Histórico Nacional". mhn.gob.cl. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
- ^ Manuvera (2014-09-09). "The Last Iranian Tiger in Georgia". kavehfarrokh.com. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
- ^ Farrokh, K. (2015-03-21). "Turan Tiger Hunted in Central Asia in the 1930s". kavehfarrokh.com. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
- ^ "Bolnisi Museum is open!". National Museum Website. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
- ^ ANI (27 December 2015). "Museum Reform: Ministry of Culture starts 14-point agenda". Business Standard India – via Business Standard.
- ^ "Shams Palace Not Yet Under ICHHTO Ownership". Financial Tribune. 2017-05-07. Retrieved 2021-04-07.
- ^ "National Museums" (in Catalan). Government of Catalonia. Department of Culture.
- ^ "Home | National Museum of American History". americanhistory.si.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
Further reading
edit- Silverman, Raymond; Abungu, George; Probst, Peter (2021). National museums in Africa. Identity, history and politics. Milton: Routledge. p. 284. ISBN 978-1-000-42864-3. OCLC 1259323561.