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'{{short description|American attorney|bot=PearBOT 5}} '''Rachel Kunjummen Paulose''' (born March 12, 1973, [[Kerala]], [[India]]) is an American attorney. She was the first Indian-American ever nominated by the President and unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate to serve as a United States Attorney. She was the youngest person, the first Asian American, and the first woman to lead the District of Minnesota.<ref name="wc">[http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_343160333.html Senate Confirms U.S. Attorney For Minnesota] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704191948/http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_343160333.html |date=2007-07-04 }} WCCO - December 9, 2006</ref> ==Early life== Paulose's parents are Joseph, buidings and grounds superintendent for the [[Hopkins, Minnesota]] [[Hopkins Public Schools (Minnesota)|school district]], and Lucy, a software engineer.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-03-29|url=https://www.rivertowns.net/955107-home-electronics-keeps-pace|title=Home electronics keeps pace|date=2007-08-24|publisher=Rivertowns.net}}</ref> She had one younger sister, Elizabeth Goulette, who died in 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aapress.com/community/obituary-elizabeth-lisa-sarah-paulose-goulette-1975-2019/|accessdate=2021-03-29|date=2019-09-12|title=Obituary: Elizabeth “Lisa” Sarah (Paulose) Goulette (1975-2019)|publisher=Asian American Press}}</ref> In 1994, she earned a B.A. ([[summa cum laude]]) from the [[University of Minnesota]] where she was [[Phi Beta Kappa]] and a [[Harry S. Truman Scholar]]. She earned national recognition and honors as the Chair of the Student Representatives to the Board of Regents. She also served as the Commencement Speaker at the University of Minnesota. She earned her [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] from the [[Yale Law School]], where she was a Coker Fellow.<ref name="USA">[http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2006/February/06_opa_087.html Justice Department Announces Appointment of Rachel K. Paulose as United States Attorney for the District of Minnesota] U.S. Department of Justice - February 17, 2006</ref> ==Career== Paulose's legal career began in 1997 when she worked as a [[law clerk]] under Judge James B. Loken of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit|U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit]]. She then worked as a trial attorney in the [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]]'s Honors Program from 1998 to 1999. There, she prosecuted violations of the federal civil rights laws in the Voting Section of the Civil Rights Division. From 1999 until 2002, she worked as an Assistant United States Attorney. She first-chaired many trials in federal district court. She also briefed and argued many appeals before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. Cases involved narcotics, violent crime, economic crime. Jury trial and Eighth circuit appellate highlights: precedent-setting detention of suspect based on economic threat alone; precedent-setting appellate work rejecting expansion of alien criminal defendants' claims of rights under Vienna Convention. She worked in private practice after 2002 with the [[Williams & Connolly]] law firm in [[Washington D.C.]] until 2003, where her work focused on health care litigation and business.<ref name="news">Rachel Paulose Confirmed as U.S. Attorney for Minn. District (2007, January 12). India-West, p. A1, A37.</ref> Work also included defense against class action suit demanding slavery reparations. She was with the Dorsey & Whitney law firm in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]] from 2003 until December, 2005. Work included defense of health care providers, commercial litigation, and constitutional advocacy. Paulose was appointed as the United States Attorney for the District of Minnesota in August 2006 and remained in that position until November 2007. Paulose subsequently worked as a senior counsel at the [[Securities and Exchange Commission]].<ref name="sec">[https://www.sec.gov/news/press/2012/2012-118.htm] SEC Press Release: SEC Charges Florida Broker in Astrology-Based Ponzi Scheme] U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission - June 21, 2012</ref> In 2015 she became a partner with the [[DLA Piper]] law firm<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.corporatecrimereporter.com/news/200/rachel-paulose-joins-dla-piper-in-minneapolis/|accessdate=2021-03-29|title=Rachel Paulose Joins DLA Piper in Minneapolis|publisher=Corporate Crime Reporter|date=2015-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-03-29|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachel-paulose-b60502ba/|title=Rachel Paulose|publisher=LinkedIn}}</ref>. She is also a Visiting Professor at the [[University of St. Thomas (Minnesota)]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-03-29|url=https://www.stthomas.edu/law/facultystaff/a-z-index/rachel-paulose.html|title=Rachel Paulose}}</ref> === Appointment as U.S. Attorney === In January 2006, Paulose returned to the Justice Department where she served briefly as Senior Counsel to Acting Deputy Attorney General [[Paul McNulty]] and she was the Department's Special Counsel for Health Care Fraud. She assisted with the formulation of guidelines for health care fraud and corporate fraud prosecution. She was a special assistant to Attorney General [[Alberto Gonzales]].<ref name="news" /> The following month, on February 17, [http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2006/February/06_opa_087.html], she was appointed to serve as interim US Attorney for the District of Minnesota. The incumbent U. S. Attorney, [[Thomas Heffelfinger]] had announced his resignation effective February 28. On August 3, 2006, while serving as interim U.S. Attorney in Minnesota,<ref name="USA" /> Paulose's nomination was sent to the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] by President [[George W. Bush]] [https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/08/20060803-9.html]. She was unanimously confirmed by the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070704191948/http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_343160333.html] on December 9, 2006, the last day of the 109th Congress. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070704191948/http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_343160333.html]. The confirmation occurred after a hearing by the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary and the approval of both home state senators, including Senator Mark Dayton. Paulose pledged to fight child pornographers, stating that they were becoming "more graphic, more heinous, and frankly appalling." She also spoke out against [[Crime in the United States#Large cities|urban crime]] and in favor of holding public officials accountable for their actions. During her tenure in office, Paulose tripled child pornography prosecutions, doubled gun prosecutions, and initiated the first ever prosecutions of human trafficking and aggravated identity theft. Paulose resigned in November 2007 after several members of her staff themselves resigned in protest over her leadership.[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/20/washington/20cnd-justice.html] ==Controversies== ===Swearing-in ceremony=== Paulose's investiture was held before 300 people in the atrium of the University of St. Thomas School of Law in Minneapolis, MN on Friday, March 9, 2007. Subsequently, Leah McLean of the Minneapolis television station KSTP ran a piece likening it to a "coronation", showing a program that referred to a "processional" and included a [[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marine]] [[color guard]], professional photographer and [[choir]]. Paulose has dismissed the criticism, saying the program KSTP based its report on was inaccurate and had been discarded long before the ceremony, although the color guard and choir were indeed present. She also added that the cost to taxpayers was minimal since the school donated the use of their atrium (which they normally rent for $1,500) for the investiture ceremony at her request, she paid for everything and the total government cost of the ceremony was only $225,<ref name="KSTP swearing-in story">McLean, Leah; "[http://www.kstp.com/article/stories/s39841.shtml Was U.S. Attorney's swearing-in ceremony too extravagant?]"; [[KSTP-TV|KSTP]], Minneapolis-St. Paul. 23 March 2007.</ref> less than half the $500 she was budgeted.<ref name="Minnesota lawyer">Cohen, Mark; April 2, 2007; [http://minnlawyer.blogspot.com/2007/04/making-federal-case-over-225-coronation_01.html Making a federal case over a $225 'coronation']" Minnesota Lawyer; retrieved from blogspot.com April 7, 2007.</ref> Representatives of government watchdog groups said the donation was inappropriate and that the money spent didn't include the cost to taxpayers of [[event planning]] by Paulose's employees.<ref name="KSTP swearing-in story" /> In addition the Minneapolis Star Tribune reported that it was unusual that "the former U.S. attorney for Minnesota, [[Thomas Heffelfinger]], was not invited" to the ceremony, Paulose's spokesperson, Jeanne Cooney, said "It was a public event. Anybody who wanted to go could have gone."<ref name=startrib-heff>http://www.startribune.com/357/story/1092041.html</ref> The article speculates that Heffelfinger, a moderate Republican, could have been a candidate for a purge list, had he not stepped aside to make way for a more conservative candidate. ===Staff resignations=== On April 5, 2007, three of her top administrators — First Assistant U.S. Attorney [[John Marti]], second in command; civil division head [[Erika Monzangue]] and criminal division head [[James Lackner]] — voluntarily resigned those positions, reverting to simple assistant U.S. attorney status, reportedly in protest over Paulose's management style. According to the ''[[Minneapolis Star Tribune]]'', she was noted for dressing down underlings and quoting [[Bible]] verses on the job.<ref name="CBS2Chicago">[http://cbs2chicago.com/national/US.attorney.paulose.2.591981.html Minnesota's U.S. Attorney Being Moved To D.C.] CBS2Chicago. 20 November 2007.</ref><ref name="CBS">[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/11/20/national/main3524872.shtml U.S. Attorney "Kicked Out And Kicked Up"] CBS News. 20 November 2007.</ref> The resignations occurred after a visit from a representative of the Executive Office of the U.S. Attorney in Washington.<ref name="Star-Trib">[http://www.startribune.com/462/story/1104033.html 3 federal prosecutors quit manager posts] Minneapolis Star Tribune. 5 April 2007.</ref> A later report said that the visit had been a last-ditch attempt by the Bush administration to persuade the three not to resign, and that a fourth official declined to comment on whether he had resigned or not.<ref name="WCCO report">Murphy, Esme; April 6, 2007; [http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_095231032.html 4 In U.S. Attorney's Office Resign In Protest]; [[WCCO-TV]]; retrieved April 8, 2007.</ref> Paulose's defenders say that three simply had trouble changing their ways to accommodate an aggressive young prosecutor determined to bring the office more into line with the Attorney General's policies, and it has nothing to do with politics.<ref name="NYTimes story">Johnston, David; April 7, 2007; [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/07/washington/07attorneys.html Deputies to a U.S. Attorney Step Down]; ''[[The New York Times]]''; retrieved April 8, 2007.</ref> ===US Attorney dismissal controversy=== {{main|Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy}} {{Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy small}} On April 17, the AP reported that Ms. Paulose had been contacted for voluntary questioning by the US House Judiciary Committee in relation to the "firings of 8 U.S. federal prosecutors"<ref name="latimes.com">{{cite news| url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-usatty31may31,0,7660086,full.story?coll=la-home-center | work=Los Angeles Times | first=Tom | last=Hamburger | date=May 31, 2007 | title=A targeted prosecutor, a pattern}} {{Dead link|date=August 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> On May 31, 2007, the ''Los Angeles Times'' published an article stating that Paulose's predecessor was removed from his post for failing to pursue voter fraud cases that would prevent a significant number of Native Americans in Minnesota from casting ballots in the 2004 election, and that Paulose's appointment stemmed not only from her credentials, but from her work in private law filing "election lawsuits on behalf of the Minnesota GOP."<ref name="latimes.com"/> Heffelfinger and an assistant US Attorney, Rob Lewis, had previously expressed their concern "about possible voter discrimination against Indians," according to the ''Times'' article. Also reported is the observation that one of Paulose's "first acts in office was to remove Lewis, who had written the 2004 e-mails to Washington expressing concern about Native American voting rights in Minnesota, from overseeing voting rights cases." On September 24 the Washington Post reported that Paulose "is the subject of an investigation by the U.S. Office of Special Counsel into allegations that she mishandled classified information, retaliated against those who crossed her, and made racist remarks about a support staff employee, said multiple sources in Minnesota and Washington, who declined to be identified because the probe is still under way. In addition, an internal Justice Department audit completed last month said her employees gave her very low marks, alleging that she treats subordinates harshly and lacks the requisite experience for the job, said several sources familiar with the audit. Her performance review was so poor that [[Kenneth E. Melson]], head of the department's Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys, took the unusual step of meeting with her in Minnesota several weeks ago, two sources said." The U.S. Office of Special Counsel released its findings on December 3, 2008 and found that there "were reasonable grounds to believe that a prohibited personnel practice had occurred that warranted corrective action".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osc.gov/documents/press/2008/pr08_11.htm|title=Office of Special Counsel Settles Whistleblower Reprisal Complaint Against Minnesota U.S. Attorneys' Office|date=2008-12-03|publisher=U.S. Office of Special Counsel|accessdate=2008-12-03}}</ref> She did indeed retaliate inappropriately against her top subordinate after he reported her for those transgressions. The OSC noted, however, that the settlement agreement "was entered into by the Department of Justice as a no-fault agreement and was not to be construed as an admission of liability by DOJ." The office and home of the OSC official who led the investigation against Paulose were raided "as part of an investigation into whether he himself mixed politics with official business."<ref>[[David Stout]] (2008-05-07). "F.B.I. Raids Office of Special Counsel". New York Times.</ref> ===Resignation from U.S. Attorney office=== Palouse resigned her position on November 19, 2007, to work at the Justice Department. [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/20/washington/20cnd-justice.html?hp] In reaction, Senator [[Norm Coleman]] said: "I support Rachel Paulose's decision today to step down from her duties as Minnesota's U.S. attorney. I have made it clear that I have had concerns about the office of the U.S. attorney under her watch, and I believe this decision will allow the office to move forward." [[Amy Klobuchar]], the other U.S. Senator from Minnesota, also welcomed the resignation. ==Memberships== Paulose is a contributing author for the [[American Bar Association]] focusing on [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] cases and a guest writer for the Asian-American Press. She is Vice President for the Minnesota chapter of the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association and for the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit|Eighth Circuit]] chapter of the [[Federal Bar Association]]. She also serves on the boards of directors of the [[League of Women Voters]], the [[Yale Law School|Yale Law School Fund]], and the [[Trust for Public Land]], in addition to being a scholarship selection judge for the [[Harry S. Truman]] Scholarship Foundation. ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== *[http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/mn/ United States Attorney's Office] *[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/13/washington/13justice.html?hp New York Times article from November 13, 2007] {{s-start}} {{s-legal}} {{succession box | title=[[United States District Court for the District of Minnesota|U.S. Attorney for the District of Minnesota]] | before=[[Thomas B. Heffelfinger]] | years=2006-2007 | after= [[B. Todd Jones]]}} {{s-end}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Paulose, Rachel}} [[Category:1973 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:American people of Malayali descent]] [[Category:American women lawyers]] [[Category:Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy]] [[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]] [[Category:United States Attorneys for the District of Minnesota]] [[Category:University of Minnesota alumni]] [[Category:Women in Kerala politics]] [[Category:Yale Law School alumni]] [[Category:American politicians of Indian descent]] [[Category:Minnesota Republicans]]'