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===Religion===
[[File:Doctor's Headdress (guk-tsu-shua), Pomo (Native American), 1906-1907C.E., 08.491.8952.jpg|thumbnail|''Doctor's Headdress (guk-tsu-shua)'', Pomo (Native American), 1906-1907, [[Brooklyn Museum]]]]
The Pomo people participated in [[shamanism]]; one form this took was the [[Kuksu religion]], which was held by people in Central and Northern California. It included elaborate acting and dancing ceremonies in traditional costume, an annual [[mourning]] ceremony, puberty [[rites of passage]], shamanic intervention with the [[Spirit|spirit world]], and an all-male society that met in [[subterranea (geography)|subterranean]] dance rooms.<ref name="Kroeber07">Kroeber, Alfred. [http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/ca/ric ''The Religion of the Indians of California''], 1907, Vol. 4 #6, sections titled "Shamanism", "Public Ceremonies", "Ceremonial Structures and Paraphernalia", and "Mythology and Beliefs".</ref><ref>[http://www.maidu.com/maidu/maiduculture/kuksu.html The Kuksu Cult paraphrased from Kroeber.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061011234014/http://www.maidu.com/maidu/maiduculture/kuksu.html |date=2006-10-11 }}</ref> The Pomo believed in a supernatural being, the ''Kuksu'' or ''Guksu'' (depending on their dialect), who lived in the south and who came during ceremonies to heal their illnesses. [[Medicine men]] dressed up as ''Kuksu'', their interpretation of a healer spirit.
A later shamanistic movement was the "Messiah Cult", introduced by the [[Wintun]] people. It was practiced through 1900. This cult believed in prophets who had dreams, "waking visions" and revelations from "presiding spirits", and "virtually formed a priesthood". The prophets earned much respect and status among the people.<ref>Barrett 1917: 398, 440-441.</ref>
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====Tolay Lake site====
Over 1,000 prehistoric [[charmstone]]s and numerous [[arrowheads]] have been unearthed at [[Tolay Lake]], in southern Sonoma County. These are attributed to both Pomo and [[Coast Miwok]] people. As a [[sacred]] site, the lake was a ceremonial gathering and healing place.<ref name="Tolay">[http://www.friendsoftolay.org/cultural.html ''Tolay Lake Park: Natural and Cultural History''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403203132/http://www.friendsoftolay.org/cultural.html |date=2008-04-03 }}, [http://www.sonoma-county.org/parks/pk_tolay_history.htm County of Sonoma Regional Parks Department: Tolay Lake Regional Park], August 20, 2007.</ref>
====Lake Sonoma sites====
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===Post contact===
[[File:Ras k dee pomo.jpg|thumb|left|210px|Ras K'Dee, [[Dry Creek Pomo]] singer and editor of ''SNAG Magazine'',<ref>[http://www.poormagazine.org/index.cfm?L1=news&story=2375 "Indigenous Youth SkolaZ from Southern Ute."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323032810/http://www.poormagazine.org/index.cfm?L1=news&story=2375 |date=2014-03-23 }} ''Poor Magazine.'' Retrieved 21 Dec 2009.</ref> performing in [[Point Arena, California]]]]
In 1800 there were estimated to be 10,000 to 18,000 Pomo in total among 70 tribes speaking seven Pomo languages.<ref name="bro">[http://www.upperlakepomo.com/brochure.pdf Clear Lake's First People.] (pdf) ''Habematolel Pomo of Upper Lake.'' Retrieved 27 Feb 2009.</ref> The way of life of the Pomo changed with the arrival of [[Russians]] at [[Fort Ross]] (1812 to 1841) on the Pacific coastline, and [[Spanish people|Spanish]] [[missionaries]] and European-American [[colonists]] coming in from the south and east. The Pomo native to the coastline and Fort Ross were known as the [[Kashaya language|Kashaya]]. They interacted and traded with the Russians.
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