Draft:Near-surface solar fusion/Quiz

The image shows the cooling post-flare arcade (rotated by -90 degrees so that north is to the right) 6h after the flare (at 00:11 UT on September 8. Credit: TRACE/NASA.

Near-surface solar fusion is a lecture. Although a research project on its own, it is also part of the radiation astronomy department course on the principles of radiation astronomy.

You are free to take this quiz based on near-surface solar fusion at any time.

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Quiz

Point added for a correct answer:
Points for an incorrect answer:
Ignore the questions' coefficients:

1 Complete the text:

Match up the item letter with each of the possibilities below:

Hydrogen - H, or D

Helium - He

Lithium - Li

Beryllium - Be

Boron - B

Carbon - C

Nitrogen - N

Oxygen - O

Fluorine - F

Neon - Ne

consumed in chromosphere fusion to produce lithium and neutrinos .

isotope fusion in the chromosphere producing neutrinos

fusion in the chromosphere producing the most neutrinos .

a factor of ~200 below meteorite abundance in the Sun's photosphere .

detected with X-rays on the Moon .

an organic form detected in Allan Hills 84001 probably from Mars .

detected marginally on Venus with Chandra .

found in the X-ray spectra of comets .

consumed to produce beryllium and neutrinos .

a surface impurity on meteorites .

2 Complete the text:

Match up the type of stellar surface fusion with each of the possibilities below:

symbiotic nova - A

recurrent nova - B

flare star (flaring) - C

accretion - D

coronal loops - E

amplitude of between 9 and 11 magnitudes .

a close companion star that overflows its Roche lobe .

about every 20 years .

unpredictable dramatic increases in brightness for a few minutes .

the basic structure of the lower corona and transition region

3 Complete the text:

One example of a nova is V1016 Cygni, whose in 1971–2007 clearly indicated a explosion.

4 The source above the photosphere of the Sun for reactions producing neutrinos is likely to be which of the following?

	a neutrino emitting isotope created in the photosphere
	the Small Magellanic Cloud
	blue rays emitted by the photosphere through the reverse Compton effect
	reactions during or preceding a solar flare
	accretion of gas from its stellar companion

5 Yes or No, In a cyclotron on Earth ²⁶¹Rg can be created using about 290 MeV to accelerate say ⁶⁴Ni into bismuth, in a coronal loop or flare in the atmosphere of the Sun where up to about 400 MeV expenditures have been detected, nickel can be accelerated up to about 290 MeV into bismuth to create roentgenium.

	Yes
	No

6 Nuclear physics phenomena associated with the atmosphere of the Sun are

	symbiotic novae
	coronal loops acting like particle accelerators
	nanoflares
	high atmospheric pressure
	deuterium
	emitted neutrons

7 Which of the following is not a phenomenon usually associated with solar wanderers?

	green aurora
	oxygen
	production of 7Be
	carbon or C2
	airglow
	nitrogen
	olivine

8 True or False, Elements above iron in atomic number cannot be created by accelerator fusion in the atmosphere of the Sun.

	TRUE
	FALSE

9 Which of the following is not characteristic of a neutrino?

	neutrinos are affected by the weak nuclear force
	produced by a positron annihilating an electron
	a decay product of a neutron
	produced by the near surface fusion on the Sun
	may have a mass
	comes in mutable varieties

10 True or False, Elements above iron or nickel in atomic number cannot be created by fusion in the core of the Sun.

	TRUE
	FALSE

11 Beta particles may be the key to?

12 True or False, Current (2014) neutrino detectors here on Earth are sophisticated enough to differentiate neutrinos generated in the core of the Sun from those generated above the photosphere of the Sun.

	TRUE
	FALSE

13 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Sun?

	a core which emits neutrinos
	a solar wind which emanates out the polar coronal holes
	gravity
	the barycenter for the solar system
	polar coronal holes
	coronal clouds
	its position

14 Which of the following are radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Sun?

	ultraviolet emission
	X-ray emission
	gamma-ray emission
	neutron emission
	7Be emission
	meteor emission

15 True or False, The dependence of the hydrogen fusion rate on temperature and pressure means that it is only when it is compressed and heated at the surface of the white dwarf to a temperature of some 20 million kelvin that a nuclear fusion reaction occurs.

	TRUE
	FALSE

16 Which of the following are theoretical radiation astronomy phenomena associated with a star?

	possible orbits
	a hyperbolic orbit
	nuclear fusion at its core
	nuclear fusion in its chromosphere
	near the barycenter of its planetary system
	accretion
	electric arcs
	impact craters
	radar signature

17 Complete the text:

Match up the likely surface fusion activity with the image:

CME - A

coronal clouds - B

solar flare - C

neutrinos from the solar octant - D

coronal loops - E

prominences - F

File:Neusun1 superk1.jpg .

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File:Sun in X-rays Recovered.png .

Hypotheses

Main article: Hypotheses

1. Surface fusion occurs because the interstellar electron influx has high enough energy to cause fusion of lighter nuclei.

See also

• Green astronomy/Quiz
• Radiation astrochemistry/Quiz
• Radiation astrogeography/Quiz
• Radiation astrohistory/Quiz
• Radiation astronomy/Quiz
• Theoretical radiation astronomy/Quiz

External links

• International Astronomical Union
• NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database - NED
• NASA's National Space Science Data Center
• The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
• SDSS Quick Look tool: SkyServer
• SIMBAD Astronomical Database
• SIMBAD Web interface, Harvard alternate
• Spacecraft Query at NASA
• Universal coordinate converter

{{Radiation astronomy resources}}{{Principles of radiation astronomy}}