Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱewh₁-: difference between revisions

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Revision as of 09:09, 13 November 2017 edit Victar (talk \| contribs) Autopatrollers, Extended movers 68,136 edits →Derived terms: actually a consonant root ← Go to previous edit		Latest revision as of 19:35, 10 November 2024 edit undo Exarchus (talk \| contribs) Autopatrollers 13,562 edits →Proto-Indo-European: a 3sg. infinitive ?...
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Line 3: ===Root=== {{ine-root\|pf}}<ref name="IEW">{{R:ine:IEW\|head=k̑eu-, k̑eu̯ə-, k̑ū-, k̑u̯ā-\|pages=592-594~~\|volume=II}}</ref><ref name="LIV">{{R:ine:LIV\|head=k̑u̯eh₁-\|pages=339~~}}</ref> # to [[swell]] # to be [[strong]] ====Alternative reconstructions==== ** {{~~desc~~l\|~~cel~~ine-pro\|\|~~kawaros\|\|hero~~ḱweh₁-}}<ref name="~~Matasovic~~LIV">{{R:~~cel~~ine:~~Matasovic 2009~~LIV\|head=~~kawaro~~k̑u̯eh₁-\|~~page~~pages=~~196~~339}}</ref>▼ ====Derived terms==== {{~~PIE root see~~rootsee}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱéwh₁-t ~ ḱuh₁-~~énti~~ént\|pos=athematic root aorist}}<ref name="LIV" /> {{desc\|grk-pro}} * {{desc\|grc\|~~κῡσαμένη~~ἔκῡσᾰ}} ** {{desc\|iir-pro\|ĉwáHt}} ** {{desc\|inc-pro\|śwáHt}} * {{desc\|sa\|अश्वत्\|tr=áśvat}} {{q\|possible innovation based on {{l\|sa\|ह्वयते\|tr=hváyati}}/{{l\|sa\|अह्वत्\|tr=áhvat}}}} * {{desc\|ira-pro\|}} **** {{desc\|ae\|𐬯𐬏𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌\|pos=inf.}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱe-ḱówh₁-e ~ ḱe-ḱuh₁-ḗr\|pos=reduplicated stative}}<ref name="LIV" />▼ *** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHsás~~ćućáwHa}}▼ {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-éye-ti ~ ḱuh₁-éy-onti\|pos=zero-grade éye-present}}<ref name="LIV" /><ref>{{R:grc:Beekes\|head=κυέω\|page=797}}</ref><ref name="Kroonen" />▼ **** {{desc\|inc-pro\|~~śuHsás~~śuśáwHa}}▼ *** {{desc\|sa\|शूशुवुर्\|t=are swollen\|pos=3pl.perf.}}▼ * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱí-ḱewh₁-ti ~ ḱí-ḱuh₁-n̥ti\|pos=i-reduplicated athematic root present}}▼ ** {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱiḱh₁-ú-s}}<ref>{{R:ine:EWAia\|head=śíśu-\|page=641\|passage=ḱi-ḱuh₁-}}</ref>▼ *** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHrás~~ćíćHuš}}▼ *** {{desc\|inc-pro\|~~śuHrás~~śíśHuṣ}}▼ **** {{desc\|sa\|शिशु\|tr=śíśu\|t=child, infant}}▼ ▲* {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-éye-ti ~~~ ḱuh₁-éy-onti~~\|pos=zero-grade éye-present}}<ref name="LIV" /><ref>{{R:grc:Beekes\|head=κυέω\|page=797}}</ref><ref name="Kroonen" /> {{desc\|grk-pro}} * {{desc\|grc\|~~κυέω~~κῠ́ω\|alt=κυέω\|t=to be pregnant, become pregnant}} ** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHáyati~~ćuHáyati}} {{see desc}} ** {{desc\|~~inc~~itc-pro\|~~śuHáyati~~kīje-\|unc=1}} {{q\|< (Thurneysen's rule) {{l\|itc-pro\|kūje-}}}} ** {{desc\|sala\|~~श्वयति\|tr=śváyati~~inciēns\|t=~~to swell,~~big ~~increase,~~with ~~grow~~young}} * {{desc\|ira-pro\|fraĉuHáyatī\|fra-ĉuHáyatī}}▼ ** {{desc\|kho\|tr=ha-sviṃdä\|pos=3p.}} {{q\|possibly}} {{desc\|itc-pro\|kīje-}} {{q\|< (Thurneysen's rule) {{l\|itc-pro\|kūje-}}}} *** {{desc\|la\|inciēns\|\|big with young}} ▲* {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱe-ḱówh₁-e ~ ḱe-ḱuh₁-ḗr\|pos=reduplicated stative}}<ref name="LIV" /> {{desc\|iir-pro}}▼ * {{desc\|inc-pro}}▼ ▲**** {{desc\|sa\|शूशुवुर्\|t=are swollen}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-yé-ti\|pos=yé-present}}<ref name="LIV" /> * {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHyáti~~ćuHyáti}} ** {{desc\|ira-pro\|~~fraĉuHyátī\|fra-ĉuHyátī~~cuHyáti}} ** {{desc\|os\|-}} : Digor: {{l\|os\|рӕсуйун}} *: Iron: {{l\|os\|рӕсыйын}} {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱwéh₁-dʰ-o-h₁ or ḱuh₁-o-dʰ-ó-h₁\|pos=dual}}▼ ** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉwáHdʰaH~~ćwáHdʰaH}} or {{l\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHādʰáH~~ćuHādʰáH}}▼ ▲* {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱí-ḱewh₁-ti ~ ḱí-ḱuh₁-n̥ti\|pos=i-reduplicated athematic root present}} ▲*** {{desc\|ira-pro\|~~fraĉuHáyatī~~cwáHdaH\|fra-ĉuHáyatīt=army}} {{see desc}} ▲** {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱiḱh₁-ú-s}}<ref>{{R:ine:EWAia\|head=śíśu-\|page=641\|passage=ḱi-ḱuh₁-}}</ref> *** {{~~desc~~l\|~~iir~~ine-pro\|\|~~ĉíĉHuš~~ḱéwh₁-mn̥ ~ ḱuh₁-mén-s}} **** {{~~desc~~desctree\|~~inc~~grk-pro\|~~śíśHuṣ~~kūmə\|t=a swell, wave}} {{l\|ine-pro\|\|n̥-ḱéwh₁-mō ~ n̥-ḱuh₁-mén-s}} ▲*** {{desc\|sa\|शिशु\|t=child, infant}} * {{~~desc~~desctree\|grk-pro\|əkūmōn}}▼ {{ldesc\|ine-pro\|\|alt=ḱéwh₁-~~mn̥ ~ ḱuh₁-méns~~neh₂\|unc=1\|nolb=1}} ** {{desc\|~~grk~~cel-pro\|~~kūmə\|\|a swell, wave~~kawanā}} ** {{desc\|~~grc~~sga\|~~κῦμᾰ~~cúan\|t=troop}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-nó-s}}<ref name="Kroonen" /> * {{desc\|gem-pro\|hūną\|\|t=top of a stick\|unc=1}}<ref name="Kroonen">{{R:gem:~~Kroonen 2013~~EDPG\|head=hūna(n)-\|page=255}}</ref> *** {{desc\|ang\|hūn}} * {{desc\|ang\|hūnþyrel\|der=1}} Line 62: {{desc\|fo\|húnn}} {{desc\|no\|hun}}, {{l\|no\|hune}} {{q\|dialectical}} {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉuHnás~~ćuHnás}} ** {{desc\|inc-pro\|śuHnás}} *** {{desc\|sa\|शुन\|tr=śuná\|t=thriving}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱewh₁-ró-s}}, {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-ró-s\|strong}}<ref name="IEW" /> {{q\|or the nouns are thematicized from {{m\|ine-pro\|\|ḱéwh₁-r̥}}?}} ** {{desc\|~~ira~~cel-pro\|~~ĉwáHdaH~~kawaros\|t=hero\|~~army~~pos=n}} {{see desc}}▼ * {{desc\|~~cel~~grk-pro\|~~kawanā~~kūrós\|pos=n}}▼ * {{desc\|grc\|κῦρος\|\|t=supremacy}}▼ {{desc\|iir-pro\|ćuHrás\|t=strong\|pos=a}} {{see desc}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|~~ḱuh₁r-ó~~ḱuh₁-sryós}}▼ ~~~~ {{desc\|~~grc\|κύριος~~grk-pro\|kúrios\|t=lord, master~~\|der=1~~}}▼ ** {{desc\|grc\|κύριος\|t=lord, master\|der=1}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|~~ḱḗwh₁~~ḱéwh₁-s ~ ~~ḱúh₁~~ḱuh₁-s-és}}▼ ** {{~~q\|possibly}} {{l~~desc\|ine-pro\|\|alt=ḱéwh₁-~~neh₂~~os\|der=1\|nolb=1}}▼ ▲** {{desc\|iir-pro\|ćáwHas}} ▲*** {{desc\|inc-pro\|śáwHas}} ** {{desc\|sa\|~~शूष~~शवस्\|tr=śávas\|t=strength, power}}▼ ** {{desc\|ira-pro\|~~ĉuHháh~~cáwHah}}▼ ** {{desc\|ae\|𐬯𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀~~\|g=n~~}}▼ {{desc\|ine-pro\|\|alt=ḱéwh₁s-mn̥ ~ ḱuh₁-s-méns\|der=1\|nolb=1}} *** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉúHras~~ćúšma}}▼ *** {{desc\|~~ira~~inc-pro\|~~śúHras~~śúṣma}}▼ ** {{desc\|sa\|शुष्म\|tr=śúṣma\|t=strong}}▼ {{ldesc\|ine-pro\|\|alt=ḱuh₁s-ó-s\|der=1\|nolb=1}}<ref>{{R:ine:EWAia\|head=śūṣá-\|page=652\|passage=ḱuh₁-s-ó-}}</ref>▼ **** {{desc\|~~cel-bry~~iir-pro\|ćuHsás}}▼ **** {{desc\|~~oco~~inc-pro\|~~caur~~śuHsás}}▼ **** {{desc\|sa\|~~शूर~~शूष\|tr=śūṣá\|t=~~strong~~strength}}▼ * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁-yó-s}} * {{desc\|cel-pro\|kuwyos\|\|t=young animal}}<ref>{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009\|head=kuwyo-\|page=231}}</ref> * {{desc\|~~wlm~~cel-bry-pro\|~~cyw~~}} ** {{desc\|~~sga~~wlm\|~~cúar~~cyw}}▼ * Unsorted formations: ▲* {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱḗwh₁-s ~ ḱúh₁-s-és}} ** {{desc\|iir-pro\|~~ĉáwHas~~ćwamH-}} ** {{desc\|inc-pro\|~~śáwHas~~śwamH-}} *** {{desc\|sa\|~~शवस्\|tr=śávas\|t=strength, power~~śvám}} **** {{desc\|~~ira-pro~~sa\|ĉáwHahशम्}} * {{ldesc\|~~ine~~iir-pro\|~~\|ḱéwh₁s-mn̥ ~ ḱuh₁-méns~~}} *** {{desc\|~~iir~~ira-pro\|ĉúHsma}} *** {{desc\|~~inc-pro~~ae\|śúHsma𐬯𐬞𐬇𐬧\|t=beneficial}} ▲** {{desc\|sa\|शुष्म\|\|strong}} ▲ {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁s-ó-s}}<ref>{{R:ine:EWAia\|head=śūṣá-\|page=652\|passage=ḱuh₁-s-ó-}}</ref> ▲*** {{desc\|iir-pro\|ĉuHsás}} ▲*** {{desc\|inc-pro\|śuHsás}} ▲** {{desc\|sa\|शूष\|\|strength}} ▲** {{desc\|ira-pro\|ĉuHháh}} ▲**** {{desc\|ae\|𐬯𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀\|g=n}} * {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱówh₁-r̥ ~ ḱuh₁-éns\|strength}}<ref>{{R:ine:EWAia\|head=śū́rá-\|pages=650-651\|passage=ḱuh₁r°}}</ref><!-- I'm not sure I see any reason to posit this r/n heteroclite. There is evidence that sometimes ro-stems are just full-grade. I think that seems simpler. --> ** {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱéwh₁r-o-s\|strong}}<ref name="IEW" /><ref name="Matasovic" /> ▲** {{desc\|cel-pro\|kawaros\|\|hero}}<ref name="Matasovic">{{R:cel:Matasovic 2009\|head=kawaro-\|page=196}}</ref> ▲** {{desc\|cel-bry-pro}} ▲*** {{desc\|oco\|caur}} *** {{desc\|oco\|caurmarch\|\|camel\|der=1}} * {{desc\|wlm\|cawr\|\|giant}} ▲ {{desc\|sga\|cúar}} {{desc\|cel-gau\|Kauaros}} {{q\|personal name}} ▲ {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱuh₁r-ó-s}} ▲ {{desc\|grk-pro}} ▲ {{desc\|grc\|κῦρος\|\|supremacy}} ▲* {{desc\|grc\|κύριος\|\|lord, master\|der=1}} ▲* {{desc\|iir-pro\|ĉuHrás}} ▲*** {{desc\|inc-pro\|śuHrás}} ▲** {{desc\|sa\|शूर\|t=strong}} ▲* {{desc\|iir-pro\|ĉúHras}} ▲*** {{desc\|ira-pro\|śúHras}} **** {{desc\|sa\|शूर\|t=hero}} ▲* {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱwéh₁-dʰ-o-h₁ or ḱuh₁-o-dʰ-ó-h₁\|pos=dual}} ▲** {{desc\|iir-pro\|ĉwáHdʰaH}} or {{l\|iir-pro\|ĉuHādʰáH}} ▲*** {{desc\|ira-pro\|ĉwáHdaH\|\|army}} {{see desc}} ▲ {{q\|possibly}} {{l\|ine-pro\|\|ḱéwh₁-neh₂}} ▲* {{desc\|cel-pro\|kawanā}} ** {{desc\|sga\|cúan\|\|troop}} ===References===