藤

Translingual

Han character

藤 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+15, 19 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 18 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿月火水 (TBFE), four-corner 4423₂, composition ⿱艹滕)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1065, character 46
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32340
Dae Jaweon: page 1531, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3321, character 5
Unihan data for U+85E4

Chinese

trad.		藤/籐
simp.		藤
2nd round simp.		⿱龹小
alternative forms		𣳾 2nd round simp. (1981)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
黱	*l'ɯːs
朕	*l'ɯmʔ
鰧	l'ɯmʔ, l'ɯːŋ
螣	l'ɯmʔ, l'ɯːŋ, *l'ɯːɡ
栚	*l'ɯmʔ
眹	*l'ɯnʔ
騰	*l'ɯːŋ
滕	*l'ɯːŋ
縢	*l'ɯːŋ
儯	*l'ɯːŋ
幐	l'ɯːŋ, l'ɯːŋs
藤	*l'ɯːŋ
謄	*l'ɯːŋ
膡	l'ɯːŋ, hljɯŋs, *lɯŋs
籐	*l'ɯːŋ
勝	hljɯŋ, hljɯŋs
蕂	*hljɯŋs
榺	*hljɯŋs
塍	*ɦljɯŋ
媵	ljɯŋs, lɯŋs
賸	ɦljɯŋs, lɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 滕 (OC *l'ɯːŋ) – a type of plant.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): téng (teng²)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tang⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thèn
Eastern Min (BUC): dìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tîn / têng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ding⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶den

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: téng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: téng
  - Wade–Giles: tʻêng²
  - Yale: téng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: terng
  - Palladius: тэн (tɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: tang⁴
  - Yale: tàhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tang⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: teng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ten^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ten²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰen¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîn / têng
  - Tâi-lô: tîn / tîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diin, deeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tin²⁴/, /tiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tin²⁴/, /tiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tin¹³/, /tiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tin²⁴/, /tiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin²³/, /tiɪŋ²³/

Note:

tîn - vernacular;
têng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ding⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tîng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶den
  - MiniDict: den^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³den
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /dən²³/

Middle Chinese: dong

Rime
Character	藤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒登切
Baxter	dong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dəŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/dəŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dəŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəŋ/
Li Rong	/dəŋ/
Wang Li	/dəŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱəŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	téng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tang⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	藤
Reading #	1/1
No.	17121
Phonetic component	朕
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	騰
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːŋ/

Definitions

藤

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai	藤
Kyūjitai ^[1]^[2]	藤󠄃 藤+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Kyūjitai ^[1]^[2]	藤󠄇 藤+`󠄇`^? (Hanyo-Denshi)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

藤

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: どう (dō)^{←どう (dou, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←とう (tou, historical)}
Kun: ふじ (fuji, 藤, Jōyō)^{←ふぢ (fudi, 藤, historical)}
Nanori: かつら (katsura)、つ (tsu)、と (to)、ひさ (hisa)、ふじ (fuji)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
藤
ふじ Grade: S
kun'yomi

藤 (fuji): Japanese wisteria trees near Daizen-ji Temple in Murayama, Fukushima

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

フジ

Wikipedia ^ja

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

フジ属

Wikipedia ^ja

⟨pudi⟩ → */puⁿdi/ → /ɸud͡ʑi/ → /ɸuʑi/

From Old Japanese 藤 (pudi), from Proto-Japonic *punti.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふじ [fùjí] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ʑi]

Noun

藤(ふじ) or 藤(フジ) • (fuji) ^{←ふぢ (fudi) or フヂ (fudi)^?}

a wisteria, especially the Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda
Short for 藤色 (fujiiro): a light lavender color, akin to wisteria flowers
a type of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “garment-layering color combination”) of light purple over blue
a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with designs of Japanese wisteria flowers, leaves, and/or branches
(card games) the suit of Japanese wisteria in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of April
Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as フジ.

Derived terms

Idioms

二(に)鼠(そ)藤(ふじ)を噛(か)む (niso fuji o kamu)

Proper noun

藤(ふじ) • (Fuji) ^{←ふぢ (Fudi)^?}

a female given name
a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
藤
とう Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 藤 (MC dong).

Affix

藤(とう) • (tō)

wisteria
creeper (plant grown by creeping)
Short for 藤原 (Fujiwara): Fujiwara clan

Derived terms

Proper noun

藤(とう) • (Tō)

a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
藤
かつら Grade: S
nanori

Possibly from 桂 (katsura, “katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum”).

Proper noun

藤(かつら) • (Katsura)

a female given name

References

^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1864 (paper), page 984 (digital)
^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1057 (paper), page 541 (digital)
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 藤 (MC dong). Recorded as Middle Korean 드ᇰ (tung) (Yale: tung) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

藤

Wikisource

藤 (eumhun 등나무 등 (deungnamu deung))

hanja form^? of 등 (“wisteria”)

Compounds

갈등 (葛藤, galdeung)
구등 (鉤藤, gudeung)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *punti.

Noun

藤 (pudi) (kana ふぢ)

a wisteria, especially the Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 19, poem 4201:
  伊佐左可爾念而來之乎多祜乃浦爾開流藤見而一夜可經
  isasaka ni omopi₁te ko₂si wo Tako₁-no₂-ura ni sake₁ru pudi mi₁te pi₁to₂yo₁ pe₂nu be₂si
  A little thought came from seeing those blooming wisterias at the bay of Tako... I'll pass by here for one night.

Derived terms

藤衣 (pudigo₂ro₂mo)
藤白 (Pudisiro₁)
藤浪 (pudinami₁)
藤の花 (pudi no₂ pana)
藤袴 (pudibakama)
藤原 (Pudipara)
藤江の浦 (Pudiye-no₂-ura)
藤井 (Pudiwi)
藤井の浦 (Pudiwi-no₂-ura)

Descendants

Japanese: 藤 (fuji)

Vietnamese

Han character

藤: Hán Nôm readings: đằng

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[1] Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1864 (paper), page 984 (digital)

[2] Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1057 (paper), page 541 (digital)

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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