View source for Cessna 414

{{short description|Pressurized twin-engine general aviation aircraft}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name=Cessna 414
 |image=PH-MZL_Cessna_414_Chancellor_(EHMZ_1990-08-20).jpg
 |caption=Cessna 414
 |type=Six/eight-seat light transport
 |national_origin=United States
 |manufacturer=[[Cessna]]
 |designer=
 |first_flight=November 1, 1968
 |introduction=
 |retired=
 |status=
 |primary_user=
 |more_users=
 |produced=1968–1985
 |number_built=1070
 |developed_from= [[Cessna 402|Cessna 401]] <br> [[Cessna 421]]
 |developed_into= [[Cessna 340]]
 |variants=
}}

The '''Cessna 414''' is an American light, pressurized, twin-engine transport aircraft built by [[Cessna]]. It first flew in 1968 and an improved variant was introduced from 1978 as the '''414A Chancellor'''.

==Design and development==
The pressurized 414 was developed to appeal to owners of unpressurized, twin-engined aircraft, and was based on the fuselage of the [[Cessna 421]] and used the wing design of the [[Cessna 401]]. The 414 is a low-wing cantilever [[monoplane]] with a conventional tail unit and a retractable [[tricycle landing gear]]. It is powered by two wing-mounted 310&nbsp;hp (231&nbsp;kW) [[Continental O-520|Continental TSIO-520-J]] horizontally opposed, six-cylinder engines. The prototype, registered N7170C, first flew on 1 November 1968, and production aircraft were available in a number of optional seating arrangements and avionics packages. The name '''Chancellor''' was used for models marketed from 1976.  An improved variant the '''Cessna 414A Chancellor''' was introduced in 1978 with the major change being a redesigned and increased-span wing with integral fuel tanks and an extended nose to give more baggage space.

===Modifications===
Many [[Supplemental Type Certificate|supplemental type certificates]] exist for the aircraft that allow upgrades to improve performance. Common are engine and aerodynamic modifications, including [[Wingtip device|winglets]].<ref name=RAM>{{cite web |url=http://www.ramaircraft.com/Aircraft-Engine-Upgrade-Packages/Winglets/SM046C4-SM047C4-Winglets.htm |title=RAM Altitude Performance Enhancing Winglets |publisher=Ramaircraft.com |access-date=2012-08-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201024351/http://www.ramaircraft.com/Aircraft-Engine-Upgrade-Packages/Winglets/SM046C4-SM047C4-Winglets.htm |archive-date=2013-02-01 }}</ref>

In 1974, [[American Jet Industries]] built a turboprop-powered conversion of the Cessna 414, named the '''Turbo Star Pressurized 414''', using [[Allison 250|Allison 250-B17B]] engines.<ref name="JAWA 77">Taylor 1977, p. 398</ref> [[Scenic Airlines]] of [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]] purchased the rights to the design in 1977.<ref name="JEA">Taylor 1989, p. 793</ref>

[[Thielert]] has offered engine conversions using their [[Centurion Engines]].<ref name=Centurion>{{cite web|author=Thielert AG |url=http://web.thielert.com/typo3/index.php?id=676&L=1 |title=CENTURION ENGINES - Cessna 340, 414 & 421 |publisher=Thielert AG |date=2007-09-28 |access-date=2012-08-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928140700/http://web.thielert.com/typo3/index.php?id=676&L=1 |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref> This involves the installation of [[FADEC|FADEC-controlled]] aviation [[diesel cycle|diesel]] piston engines that run on commonly available [[jet fuel]]. Thielert claims increased power and improved fuel economy over other available conventional piston engines.

==Variants==
[[File:HR-AWL (7021806547).jpg|thumb|Cessna 414A Chancellor]]
;414
:Initial production variant, 516 built<ref name="gen95p130">Simpson 1995, p. 130</ref>
;414A Chancellor
:Improved 414 with narrower vertical tail, longer span bonded wet wing without tip tanks, a lengthened nose, redesigned landing gear, and powered by two 310 hp (231kW) TSIO-520-N engines, 554 built.<ref name="gen95p130"/>
;Riley Rocket 414
:Conversion of Cessna 414 aircraft by fitting two 400 hp [[Lycoming IO-720]] engines<ref name="JAWA82 p454-5">Taylor 1982, pp. 454–455.</ref>

==Operators==

===Military operators===
;{{BAH}}: {{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
;{{LBN}}:{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}

==Accidents and incidents==
*The American Christian singer [[Keith Green]] and 11 other people were killed on July 28, 1982, in a Cessna 414 shortly after takeoff at the private Garden Valley Airport, near [[Garden Valley, Texas]]. The [[NTSB]] report indicates that the probable cause of the crash was a combination of the aircraft being overloaded (the occupants were four adults and eight children, while the aircraft has only seven seats) and pilot's failure to calculate weight and balance relative to the aircraft's design parameters.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://app.ntsb.gov/pdfgenerator/ReportGeneratorFile.ashx?EventID=20020917X03242&AKey=1&RType=Final&IType=AA|title=National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Final Report Accident Number: FTW82AA299|work=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]|date=July 28, 1983|access-date=July 5, 2017|archive-date=February 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124359/https://app.ntsb.gov/pdfgenerator/ReportGeneratorFile.ashx?EventID=20020917X03242&AKey=1&RType=Final&IType=AA|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<!--

***Please note that most C-414 accidents are not notable and read [[WP:AIRCRASH]] prior to adding any accidents.***

-->

==Specifications (414A Chancellor)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83<ref name="jawa82p3501">Taylor 1982, pp. 350–351</ref>
|prime units?=imp<!-- imp or kts first for US aircraft, and UK aircraft pre-metrification, met(ric) first for all others. You MUST choose a format, or no specifications will show -->
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=

|crew=one or two
|capacity=four to six
|length m=
|length ft=36
|length in=4+1/2
|length sigfig=4
|span m=
|span ft=44
|span in=1+1/2
|span sigfig=4
|span note=
|height m=
|height ft=11
|height in=5+1/2
|height sigfig=3
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=225.8
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=4368
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=6750
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity={{convert|213|USgal|impgal L|abbr=on}} usable
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Continental IO-520|Continental TSIO-520-NB]]
|eng1 type=[[Flat engine|flat-six]] turbocharged piston
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=310<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 note=
|power original=

|prop blade number=3
|prop name=McCauley 3AF32C505/82NEA-5.5 [[constant speed propeller]]s
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->6
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->4+1/5
|prop dia sigfig=3
|prop note=

<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=235
|max speed note= at {{convert|20000|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=183
|cruise speed note=at {{convert|10000|ft|m|abbr=on}} (econ. cruise)
|stall speed kmh=<!-- aerobatic -->
|stall speed mph=<!-- aerobatic -->
|stall speed kts=72
|stall speed note=[[Calibrated airspeed|CAS]] (flaps down, power off)
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=1327
|range note=at {{convert|10000|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=30800
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=1520
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=

|avionics=
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

*{{cite book |last=Simpson |first=R. W. |title=Airlife's General Aviation |year=1995 |edition=Second |location=Shrewsbury, UK |publisher=Airlife Publishing Ltd |isbn=1-85310-577-5}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Taylor|editor-first=John W. R.|title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1977–78 |year=1977 |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |location=London |isbn=0-354-00551-0}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Taylor|editor-first=John W. R.|title=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83|year=1982|publisher=Jane's Yearbooks|location=London|isbn=0-7106-0748-2|editor-link=John W. R. Taylor}}
*{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |year=1989 }}
*{{cite book |title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985) |publisher= Orbis Publishing}}

==Further reading==

*{{cite book |last=Simpson |first= R.W.|title= Airlife's General Aviation |year= 1991|publisher= Airlife Publishing|location= England |isbn=1-85310-194-X|page=190}}



==External links==
{{commons category|Cessna 414}}
*[http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=154 Cessna 421 & 414 photo]

{{Cessna 310 family}}
{{Cessna}}

[[Category:Cessna aircraft|414]]
[[Category:1960s United States business aircraft]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1968]]
[[Category:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft]]