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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| status = LC
⚫
| status_system = iucn3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=103766090 |title=''Calandrella blanfordi'' |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2016.3 |year=2016 |accessdate=12 December 2016}}</ref>
| image = Ammomanes Tephrocorys Gronvold.jpg
| image = Ammomanes Tephrocorys Gronvold.jpg
| image_caption = ''C. blanfordi'' (bottom, right)
| image_caption = ''C. blanfordi'' (bottom, right)
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| status = LC
⚫
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2017 |title=''Calandrella blanfordi'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T103766090A112872569 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103766090A112872569.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>
| classis = [[Aves]]
⚫
| genus = Calandrella
| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
⚫
| species = blanfordi
| familia = [[Alaudidae]]
⚫
| authority = ([[George Ernest Shelley|Shelley]], 1902)
⚫
| genus = ''[[Calandrella]]''
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
⚫
| species = '''''C. blanfordi'''''
⚫
| subdivision = See text
⚫
| binomial = ''Calandrella blanfordi''
⚫
| binomial_authority = ([[George Ernest Shelley|Shelley]], 1902)
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subspecies]]
⚫
| subdivision = see text
| range_map = Calandrella blanfordi distribution map.png
| range_map_caption = range
| synonyms = * '' Calandrella blandfordi''
| synonyms = * '' Calandrella blandfordi''
* ''Tephrocorys blanfordi''
* ''Tephrocorys blanfordi''
⚫
| range_map = Calandrella blanfordi 2 distribution map.png
}}
}}

'''Blanford's lark'''<ref>[http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates-en.html ENGLISH NAME UPDATES - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011)], IOC World Bird List</ref> or '''Blanford's short-toed lark''' (''Calandrella blanfordi'') is a small [[passerine]] [[bird]] of the [[lark]] family, Alaudidae, which is native to north-east [[Africa]] and [[Arabia]]. Its common name commemorates the English zoologist [[William Thomas Blanford]].
'''Blanford's lark'''<ref>[http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates-en.html ENGLISH NAME UPDATES - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107165353/http://www.worldbirdnames.org/updates-en.html |date=November 7, 2011 }}, IOC World Bird List</ref> or '''Blanford's short-toed lark''' ('''''Calandrella blanfordi''''') is a small [[passerine]] [[bird]] of the [[lark]] family, Alaudidae, which is native to north-eastern Africa. Its common name commemorates the English zoologist [[William Thomas Blanford]].


==Taxonomy and systematics==
==Taxonomy and systematics==
Blanford's lark was formerly included in either the [[greater short-toed lark]] (''C. brachydactyla'') or the [[red-capped lark]] (''C. cinerea'') but is now commonly treated as a separate species. [[Erlanger's lark]] was formerly considered as a subspecies of Blanford's lark (as ''C. b. erlangeri'' or ''C. b. fuertesi'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=FE025DB1&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Calandrella erlangeri - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-12}}</ref> Alternate names for Blanford's lark include '''Blandford's lark''', '''Blandford's short-toed lark''' and '''Blanford's red-capped lark'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=533BEDA4&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Calandrella blanfordi - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-12}}</ref>
Blanford's lark was formerly included in either the [[greater short-toed lark]] (''C. brachydactyla'') or the [[red-capped lark]] (''C. cinerea'') but is now commonly treated as a separate species. Alternate names for Blanford's lark include '''Blandford's lark''', '''Blandford's short-toed lark''' and '''Blanford's red-capped lark'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=533BEDA4&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Calandrella blanfordi - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-12}}</ref>


===Subspecies===
===Subspecies===
Three [[subspecies]] are recognized:<ref>{{Cite journal|title=IOC World Bird List 6.4|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ioc-lists/crossref|journal=IOC World Bird List Datasets|doi=10.14344/ioc.ml.6.4}}</ref>
Two [[subspecies]] are recognized:<ref>{{Cite journal|title=IOC World Bird List 6.4|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ioc-lists/crossref|journal=IOC World Bird List Datasets|doi=10.14344/ioc.ml.6.4|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* ''C. b. eremica'' - <small>([[Anton Reichenow|Reichenow]] & [[James L. Peters|Peters, JL]], 1932)</small>: Originally described as a separate species in the genus ''[[Spizocorys]]''. Found in south-western [[Arabia]]
* ''C. b. blanfordi'' - <small>([[George Ernest Shelley|Shelley]], 1902)</small>: Found in northern Eritrea
* ''C. b. blanfordi'' - <small>([[George Ernest Shelley|Shelley]], 1902)</small>: Found in northern Eritrea
* ''C. b. daaroodensis'' - <small>[[Charles Matthew Newton White|White, CMN]], 1960</small>: Found in northern Somalia
* ''C. b. erlangeri'' - [[Erlanger's lark]]- <small>([[Oscar Neumann|Neumann]], 1906)</small>: Found in Ethiopia


==Description==
==Description==
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==References==
==References==
{{wikispecies|Calandrella blanfordi}}
{{Commonscat|Calandrella blanfordi}}
{{Wikispecies|Calandrella blanfordi}}
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* Arlott, Norman (2007) ''Birds of the Palearctic: Passerines'', HarperCollins, London.
* Arlott, Norman (2007) ''Birds of the Palearctic: Passerines'', HarperCollins, London.
* Beolens, Bo & Watkins, Michael (2003) ''Whose Bird?: Men and women commemorated in the common names of birds'', Christopher Helm, London.
* Beolens, Bo & Watkins, Michael (2003) ''Whose Bird?: Men and women commemorated in the common names of birds'', Christopher Helm, London.
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* Sinclair, Ian & Ryan, Peter (2003) ''Birds of Africa south of the Sahara'', Struik, Cape Town.
* Sinclair, Ian & Ryan, Peter (2003) ''Birds of Africa south of the Sahara'', Struik, Cape Town.


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3232961}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:lark}}

[[Category:Calandrella]]
[[Category:Birds of East Africa]]
[[Category:Calandrella|Blanford's lark]]
[[Category:Birds of the Horn of Africa]]
[[Category:Birds of the Middle East]]
[[Category:Birds of the Middle East]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1902|Blanford's lark]]

Latest revision as of 16:12, 27 September 2022

Blanford's lark
C. blanfordi (bottom, right)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Alaudidae
Genus: Calandrella
Species:
C. blanfordi
Binomial name
Calandrella blanfordi
(Shelley, 1902)
Subspecies

See text

Synonyms
  • Calandrella blandfordi
  • Tephrocorys blanfordi

Blanford's lark[2] or Blanford's short-toed lark (Calandrella blanfordi) is a small passerine bird of the lark family, Alaudidae, which is native to north-eastern Africa. Its common name commemorates the English zoologist William Thomas Blanford.

Taxonomy and systematics

[edit]

Blanford's lark was formerly included in either the greater short-toed lark (C. brachydactyla) or the red-capped lark (C. cinerea) but is now commonly treated as a separate species. Alternate names for Blanford's lark include Blandford's lark, Blandford's short-toed lark and Blanford's red-capped lark.[3]

Subspecies

[edit]

Two subspecies are recognized:[4]

Description

[edit]

Blanford's lark is 14–15 centimetres long. The upperparts are pale sandy-brown with some darker streaking and the crown is rufous. The underparts are pale and plain apart from a small dark patch on the side of the neck made up of vertical streaks. The greater short-toed lark is similar but has a greyer, more-streaked crown. Erlanger's and red-capped larks have darker upperparts with more streaking and a darker rufous crown. Erlanger's lark has larger dark neck-patches while in red-capped lark the patches are rufous.

Blanford's lark has a sparrow-like flight-call. The song is given in a circular song-flight and includes a mixture of chew-chew-chew-chew notes and fluid phrases.

Habitat and movements

[edit]

They occur on open stony plains, often with bushes. In Arabia, it breeds between 1800 and 2500 metres above sea-level with some birds dispersing to lower ground in winter. The species is often seen in flocks outside the breeding season.

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Calandrella blanfordi.
Wikispecies has information related to Calandrella blanfordi.
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Calandrella blanfordi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T103766090A112872569. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103766090A112872569.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ ENGLISH NAME UPDATES - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011) Archived November 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, IOC World Bird List
  3. ^ "Calandrella blanfordi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-12.
  4. ^ "IOC World Bird List 6.4". IOC World Bird List Datasets. doi:10.14344/ioc.ml.6.4.
  • Arlott, Norman (2007) Birds of the Palearctic: Passerines, HarperCollins, London.
  • Beolens, Bo & Watkins, Michael (2003) Whose Bird?: Men and women commemorated in the common names of birds, Christopher Helm, London.
  • Hollom, P. A. D.; Porter, R. F.; Christensen, S. & Willis, Ian (1988) Birds of the Middle East and North Africa, T & AD Poyser, Calton, England.
  • Sinclair, Ian & Ryan, Peter (2003) Birds of Africa south of the Sahara, Struik, Cape Town.
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