Bitlis uprising (1914): Difference between revisions

Bitlis uprising
	Bitlis Bitlis uprising (1914) (Turkey)
Date	Early March – 4 April 1914
Location	Bitlis, Ottoman Empire
Result	Ottoman victory Uprising suppressed;
Belligerents
Kurdish rebels; Supported by:; Russian Empire	Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Mullah Selim; Sayyid Ali; Sheikh Şahabeddin	Unknown
Strength
"thousands"	Garrison at Bitlis:; Unknown, but less than the Kurds; Reinforcements:; Unknown

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The Bitlis uprising was a Kurdish uprising in the Ottoman Empire in early 1914.^[2] It was supported by the Russian Empire.^[2] It was fought concurrently with an unrelated Kurdish uprising in Barzan in the Mosul Vilayet, which was also supported by Russia.^[2] Later Kurdish nationalist historiography portrayed the uprising as part of a Kurdish nationalist struggle, but its actual causes laid in opposition to conscription and taxation.^[2] The uprising began in early March, with a skirmish between Kurdish fighters and Ottoman gendarmes, where the latter was forced to retreat.^[2] The Kurds subsequently laid siege to the city of Bitlis, and captured the city on 2 April.^[2] Ottoman forces were then dispatched from Muş and Van and suppressed the uprising.^[2] After the defeat of the uprising on 4 April, one of the rebel leaders, Molla Selim, successfully sought asylum in Russia.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Demirtaş, Mehmet (2018). "1914 Tarihli Bitlis İsyanının Osmanlı Arşiv Belgelerindeki Yansımaları-Cezalar, Mükâfatlar". dergipark.org.tr. p. 433. The leaders of the insurrection were Mullah Selim, Sayyid Ali and Sheikh Şahabeddin who were the religious scholars of Hizan Province.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Henning, Barbara (2018-04-03). Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts: Continuities and Changes. University of Bamberg Press. pp. 322–327. ISBN 9783863095512.

External links

Demirtaş, Mehmet (2018). "1914 Tarihli Bitlis İsyanının Osmanlı Arşiv Belgelerindeki Yansımaları-Cezalar, Mükâfatlar". dergipark.org.tr.

[:1-1] Demirtaş, Mehmet (2018). "1914 Tarihli Bitlis İsyanının Osmanlı Arşiv Belgelerindeki Yansımaları-Cezalar, Mükâfatlar". dergipark.org.tr. p. 433. The leaders of the insurrection were Mullah Selim, Sayyid Ali and Sheikh Şahabeddin who were the religious scholars of Hizan Province.

[:0-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Henning, Barbara (2018-04-03). Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts: Continuities and Changes. University of Bamberg Press. pp. 322–327. ISBN 9783863095512.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Kurdish revolt against the Ottoman Empire}}
 {{Redirect|Bitlis uprising|the uprising in 1907|Bitlis uprising (1907)}}{{Infobox military conflict
 | conflict    = Bitlis uprising
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 | map_label   =
 | territory   =
-| result      = Uprising suppressed
+| result      = Ottoman victory
+*Uprising suppressed
 | status      =
 | combatants_header =
@@ Line 31: / Line 33: @@
 | combatant2  = {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}
 | combatant3  =
-| commander1  = Mullah Selim<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/597494|title=1914 Tarihli Bitlis İsyanının Osmanlı Arşiv Belgelerindeki Yansımaları-Cezalar, Mükâfatlar|last=Demirtaş|first=Mehmet|date=2018|website=dergipark.org.tr|page=433|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|quote=The leaders of the insurrection were Mullah Selim, Sayyid Ali and Sheikh Şahabeddin who were the religious scholars of Hizan Province.}}</ref><br>Sayyid Ali<ref name=":1" /><br>Sheikh Şahabeddin<ref name=":1" />
+| commander1  = Mullah Selim<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/597494|title=1914 Tarihli Bitlis İsyanının Osmanlı Arşiv Belgelerindeki Yansımaları-Cezalar, Mükâfatlar|last=Demirtaş|first=Mehmet|date=2018|website=dergipark.org.tr|page=433|quote=The leaders of the insurrection were Mullah Selim, Sayyid Ali and Sheikh Şahabeddin who were the religious scholars of Hizan Province.}}</ref><br>Sayyid Ali<ref name=":1" /><br>Sheikh Şahabeddin<ref name=":1" />
 | commander2  = Unknown
 | commander3  =
@@ Line 47: / Line 49: @@
 }}
-The '''Bitlis uprising''' was a Kurdish uprising in the Ottoman Empire in early 1914.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=c2tZDwAAQBAJ|title=Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts: Continuities and Changes|last=Henning|first=Barbara|date=2018-04-03|publisher=University of Bamberg Press|year=|isbn=9783863095512|location=|pages=322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327|language=en}}</ref> It was supported by the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name=":0" /> It was fought concurrently with an unrelated Kurdish uprising in [[Barzan, Iraq|Barzan]] in the [[Mosul Vilayet]], which was also supported by Russia.<ref name=":0" /> Later Kurdish nationalist historiography portrayed the uprising as part of a Kurdish nationalist struggle, but its actual causes laid in opposition to conscription and taxation.<ref name=":0" /> The uprising began in early March, with a skirmish between Kurdish fighters and Ottoman gendarmes, where the latter was forced to retreat.<ref name=":0" /> The Kurds subsequently laid siege to the city of Bitlis, and captured the city on 2 April.<ref name=":0" /> Ottoman forces were then dispatched from Muş and Van and suppressed the uprising.<ref name=":0" /> After the defeat of the uprising on 4 April, one of the rebel leaders, Molla Selim, successfully sought asylum in Russia.<ref name=":0" />
+The '''Bitlis uprising''' was a Kurdish uprising in the Ottoman Empire in early 1914.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Henning|first=Barbara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c2tZDwAAQBAJ|title=Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts: Continuities and Changes|date=2018-04-03|publisher=University of Bamberg Press|isbn=9783863095512|pages=322–327|language=en}}</ref> It was supported by the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name=":0" /> It was fought concurrently with an unrelated Kurdish uprising in [[Barzan, Iraq|Barzan]] in the [[Mosul Vilayet]], which was also supported by Russia.<ref name=":0" /> Later Kurdish nationalist historiography portrayed the uprising as part of a Kurdish nationalist struggle, but its actual causes laid in opposition to conscription and taxation.<ref name=":0" /> The uprising began in early March, with a skirmish between Kurdish fighters and Ottoman gendarmes, where the latter was forced to retreat.<ref name=":0" /> The Kurds subsequently laid siege to the city of Bitlis, and captured the city on 2 April.<ref name=":0" /> Ottoman forces were then dispatched from Muş and Van and suppressed the uprising.<ref name=":0" /> After the defeat of the uprising on 4 April, one of the rebel leaders, Molla Selim, successfully sought asylum in Russia.<ref name=":0" />
 == References ==
 [[Category:Conflicts in 1914]]
 [[Category:1914 in the Ottoman Empire]]
-[[Category:Kurdish rebellions in Turkey]]
+[[Category:Kurdish–Turkish conflict]]
+[[Category:Wars involving the Ottoman Empire]]
 <references />