William Stern (businessman): Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.1) (Nintendofan885 - 6080 |
Added categories |
||
| (19 intermediate revisions by 16 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Redirect|Stern Group|the Zionist armed group|Stern Gang}} |
{{Redirect|Stern Group|the Zionist armed group|Stern Gang}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Use British English|date=February 2012}} |
{{Use British English|date=February 2012}} |
||
{{Use dmy dates|date= |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}} |
||
{{Infobox person |
{{Infobox person |
||
| name = William Stern |
| name = William Stern |
||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2020|3|21|1935|7|2|df=y}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|2020|3|21|1935|7|2|df=y}} |
||
| death_place = |
| death_place = |
||
| residence = |
|||
| nationality = Hungarian, British |
| nationality = Hungarian, British |
||
| citizenship = |
| citizenship = |
||
| Line 18: | Line 17: | ||
| occupation = Businessman |
| occupation = Businessman |
||
| known for = Owner of Stern Group, Britain's then biggest bankruptcy with debts of £118 million in 1973 |
| known for = Owner of Stern Group, Britain's then biggest bankruptcy with debts of £118 million in 1973 |
||
| home_town = |
|||
| salary = |
|||
| networth = |
|||
| title = |
| title = |
||
| term = |
| term = |
||
| Line 36: | Line 32: | ||
'''William George Stern''' (born '''Vilmos György Stern''', 2 July 1935 – 21 March 2020)<ref name="shoah1">{{cite web|url=http://dornsife.usc.edu/vhi/cms/?q=node/3298|title=USC Shoah Foundation|website=USC Shoah Foundation|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527160239/http://dornsife.usc.edu/vhi/cms/?q=node%2F3298|archive-date=27 May 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Rabbi Dunner">{{cite news |title=On the Passing of a Titan |url=https://rabbidunner.com/on-the-passing-of-a-titan/ |accessdate=28 March 2020 |work=Rabbi Dunner |date=26 March 2020}}</ref> |
'''William George Stern''' (born '''Vilmos György Stern''', 2 July 1935 – 21 March 2020)<ref name="shoah1">{{cite web|url=http://dornsife.usc.edu/vhi/cms/?q=node/3298|title=USC Shoah Foundation|website=USC Shoah Foundation|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527160239/http://dornsife.usc.edu/vhi/cms/?q=node%2F3298|archive-date=27 May 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Rabbi Dunner">{{cite news |title=On the Passing of a Titan |url=https://rabbidunner.com/on-the-passing-of-a-titan/ |accessdate=28 March 2020 |work=Rabbi Dunner |date=26 March 2020}}</ref> |
||
<!-- Death date of 21 March 2020 is strongly implied by first paragraph of "Rabbi Dunner" --> |
<!-- Death date of 21 March 2020 is strongly implied by first paragraph of "Rabbi Dunner" --> |
||
was a businessman most notable as the owner of the |
was a British businessman most notable as the owner of the '''Stern Group''' of companies. When it collapsed in 1973, Stern became Britain's biggest bankrupt with debts of £118 million.<ref name="standard">{{cite web | title = Not-so-hard times for the celebrity bankrupts |work=[[Evening Standard]] | date = 17 August 2001 | url = http://www.davidrowan.com/2001/08/evening-standard-not-so-hard-times-for.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080517034448/http://www.davidrowan.com/2001/08/evening-standard-not-so-hard-times-for.html|archive-date = 17 May 2008}}</ref><ref name="times">{{cite web | last = Charles | first = James | title = The 10 worst property investments ever | work = The Times | location = UK | date = 25 June 2008 | url = http://timesbusiness.typepad.com/money_weblog/2008/06/post.html | access-date = 20 October 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100707144709/http://timesbusiness.typepad.com/money_weblog/2008/06/post.html | archive-date = 7 July 2010 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="montreal">{{cite news | title = Stern declared bankrupt | newspaper = [[Montreal Gazette]] | date = 2 June 1978 }}</ref> The uninsured losses sustained by thousands of investors led directly to the creation of Britain's first [[Policyholders Protection Act 1975|Policyholders' Protection Act]].<ref name="times"/><ref name="telegraph">{{cite news | title = Stern reminders of earlier property crashes |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK | date = 9 December 2007 | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2820856/Stern-reminders-of-earlier-property-crashes.html }}</ref> He died during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] due to complications brought on by [[COVID-19]]. |
||
==Early life== |
==Early life== |
||
He was born Vilmos György Stern or Ze’ev HaKohen Stern in Budapest, the youngest of three children of Chaim Stern, who owned a textile factory supplying goods to the Hungarian government.<ref name="Rabbi Dunner" /> |
He was born Vilmos György Stern or Ze’ev HaKohen Stern in Budapest, the youngest of three children of Chaim Stern, who owned a textile factory supplying goods to the Hungarian government.<ref name="Rabbi Dunner" /> |
||
When [[Operation Margarethe|Hungary was invaded]] by [[Nazi Germany]] in March 1944, Stern |
When [[Operation Margarethe|Hungary was invaded]] by [[Nazi Germany]] in March 1944, Stern along with his family, escaped on the [[Kastner train]], which carried 1,684 Jews to [[Switzerland during the World Wars|safety in Switzerland]]. |
||
== Career == |
== Career == |
||
During the 1960s, rising economic fortunes in Britain led to the creation of the first [[strategic business unit|unitised]] [[investment fund|property funds]]. Initially, only [[pension fund]]s and charities were permitted to purchase units in these trusts, but these regulations were relaxed under the leadership of Prime Minister [[Edward Heath]] who came to power in 1970, after which time the general public could also invest via [[insurance companies]]. One such intermediary was '''Nation Life Insurance''', part of the Stern Group.<ref name="telegraph"/> |
During the 1960s, rising economic fortunes in Britain led to the creation of the first [[strategic business unit|unitised]] [[investment fund|property funds]]. Initially, only [[pension fund]]s and charities were permitted to purchase units in these trusts, but these regulations were relaxed under the leadership of Prime Minister [[Edward Heath]] who came to power in 1970, after which time the general public could also invest via [[insurance companies]]. One such intermediary was '''Nation Life Insurance''', part of the Stern Group.<ref name="telegraph"/> |
||
As a result of the [[1973–1974 stock market crash|stock market crash and secondary bank crisis of 1973–74]], property prices in Britain tumbled dramatically. Investment fund customers attempted to [[liquidate]] their rapidly devaluing bonds, but the funds had insufficient cash to meet their redemption obligations, leading to their collapse.<ref name="telegraph"/> Nation Life, and its parent company, were forced into [[administration (insolvency)|administration]], and William Stern was declared bankrupt.<ref name="telegraph"/> The scandal was raised in the [[British Parliament]] on several occasions,<ref name="hansard_nov75">{{cite hansard | url = |
As a result of the [[1973–1974 stock market crash|stock market crash and secondary bank crisis of 1973–74]], property prices in Britain tumbled dramatically. Investment fund customers attempted to [[liquidate]] their rapidly devaluing bonds, but the funds had insufficient cash to meet their redemption obligations, leading to their collapse.<ref name="telegraph"/> Nation Life, and its parent company, were forced into [[administration (insolvency)|administration]], and William Stern was declared bankrupt.<ref name="telegraph"/> Renowned lawyer and longtime business partner [[Winston Held]] ensured that himself, Stern and other investors in Stern Group managed to keep almost all of the personal wealth that they had accrued through many years of directorship at the company. The scandal was raised in the [[British Parliament]] on several occasions,<ref name="hansard_nov75">{{cite hansard | url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1975/nov/12/nation-life-insurance-and-stern-group | title=Nation Life Insurance and Stern Group | house = House of Commons | date = 12 November 1975 | column_start = 815 | column_end = 816 }}</ref><ref name="hansard_dec75">{{cite hansard | url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1975/dec/15/nation-life-liquidation | title=Nation Life (Liquidation) | house = House of Commons | date = 15 December 1975 | column_start = 958 | column_end = 960 }}</ref><ref name="hansard_dec76">{{cite hansard | url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1976/dec/20/crown-agents-financial-assistance | title=Crown Agents (Financial Assistance) | house = House of Commons | date = 20 December 1976 | column_start = 115 | column_end = 158 }}</ref> and a [[BBC]] documentary on the subject aired in 1974.<ref name="bfi">{{cite web | title = Man Alive: The Rise and Fall of William Stern | publisher = BBC | year = 1974 | url = http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/474940 | access-date = 20 October 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090208232651/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/474940 | archive-date = 8 February 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Thousands of private investors lost their life savings, since at the time there was no compensation scheme in place to protect them.<ref name="times"/> As a direct consequence of Nation Life's failure, the 1975 Policyholders' Protection Act was introduced, which mandates investors' insurance be paid for by a one per cent [[tax|levy]] on investment premiums.<ref name="times"/><ref name="telegraph"/> |
||
After being [[Bankruptcy discharge|discharged]] in 1987, Stern resumed his business activities, until a second commercial empire under his control collapsed in the 1990s with debts of £11 million.<ref name="standard"/><ref name="times"/> He was subsequently banned from serving as a company director for twelve years in April 2000, following the emergence of evidence that he had appropriated £1.5 million from the business despite his prior knowledge that it was on the brink of failure.<ref name="standard"/><ref name="times"/> |
After being [[Bankruptcy discharge|discharged]] in 1987, Stern resumed his business activities, until a second commercial empire under his control collapsed in the 1990s with debts of £11 million.<ref name="standard"/><ref name="times"/> He was subsequently banned from serving as a company director for twelve years in April 2000, following the emergence of evidence that he had appropriated £1.5 million from the business despite his prior knowledge that it was on the brink of failure.<ref name="standard"/><ref name="times"/> |
||
In 2013 he sold family valuables in his custody to a former longstanding creditor, but then refused to deliver them following payment, arguing he had not been entitled to sell them, then disobeyed a religious court order to deliver them. In late 2014 the goods were seized for the purchaser from Stern's main home following a civil court award, which Stern and other family members unsuccessfully contested in the High Court.<ref name="Casemine">{{cite web | url=https://www.casemine.com/judgement/uk/5a8ff74c60d03e7f57eab039 | title=Halberstam & Anor v Gladstar Ltd / [2005] EWHC 179 (QB) | year=2005 | website=Casemine | access-date=2020-04-12 }}</ref> |
|||
==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
||
In 1957 or 1958, he married Shoshana Stempel (Freshwater).<ref name="Casemine"/><ref name="Rabbi Dunner"/> |
In 1957 or 1958, he married [[Shoshana Stempel (Freshwater)]].<ref name="Casemine">{{cite web | url=https://www.casemine.com/judgement/uk/5a8ff74c60d03e7f57eab039 | title=Halberstam & Anor v Gladstar Ltd / [2005] EWHC 179 (QB) | year=2005 | website=Casemine | access-date=12 April 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Rabbi Dunner"/> |
||
In 2000, Stern was living in a "£4m six-bedroom mansion" in West Heath Avenue, Hampstead, London, owned another home in Jerusalem, and a villa in the south of France.<ref name="The Guardian">{{cite news |last1=Atkinson |first1=Dan |title=Stern & son barred from boardrooms |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2000/apr/19/9 |accessdate=28 March 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2000}}</ref> |
In 2000, Stern was living in a "£4m six-bedroom mansion" in West Heath Avenue, Hampstead, London, owned another home in Jerusalem, and a villa in the south of France.<ref name="The Guardian">{{cite news |last1=Atkinson |first1=Dan |title=Stern & son barred from boardrooms |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2000/apr/19/9 |accessdate=28 March 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2000}}</ref> |
||
| Line 65: | Line 61: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stern, William}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stern, William}} |
||
[[Category:1935 births]] |
[[Category:1935 births]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:2020 deaths]] |
[[Category:2020 deaths]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Hungarian Jews]] |
[[Category:Hungarian Jews]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Hungarian Holocaust survivors]] |
||
[[Category:Bergen-Belsen concentration camp survivors]] |
[[Category:Bergen-Belsen concentration camp survivors]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Kastner train]] |
[[Category:Kastner train]] |
||
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in |
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in England]] |
||
[[Category:Hungarian emigrants to the United Kingdom]] |
[[Category:Hungarian emigrants to the United Kingdom]] |
||
[[Category:British Jews]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
Latest revision as of 01:52, 14 March 2024
William Stern | |
|---|---|
| Born | Vilmos György Stern 2 July 1935 Budapest, Hungary |
| Died | 21 March 2020 (aged 84) |
| Nationality | Hungarian, British |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Known for | Owner of Stern Group, Britain's then biggest bankruptcy with debts of £118 million in 1973 |
| Spouse | Shoshana Stempel (Freshwater) |
William George Stern (born Vilmos György Stern, 2 July 1935 – 21 March 2020)[1][2] was a British businessman most notable as the owner of the Stern Group of companies. When it collapsed in 1973, Stern became Britain's biggest bankrupt with debts of £118 million.[3][4][5] The uninsured losses sustained by thousands of investors led directly to the creation of Britain's first Policyholders' Protection Act.[4][6] He died during the COVID-19 pandemic due to complications brought on by COVID-19.
Early life
[edit]He was born Vilmos György Stern or Ze’ev HaKohen Stern in Budapest, the youngest of three children of Chaim Stern, who owned a textile factory supplying goods to the Hungarian government.[2]
When Hungary was invaded by Nazi Germany in March 1944, Stern along with his family, escaped on the Kastner train, which carried 1,684 Jews to safety in Switzerland.
Career
[edit]During the 1960s, rising economic fortunes in Britain led to the creation of the first unitised property funds. Initially, only pension funds and charities were permitted to purchase units in these trusts, but these regulations were relaxed under the leadership of Prime Minister Edward Heath who came to power in 1970, after which time the general public could also invest via insurance companies. One such intermediary was Nation Life Insurance, part of the Stern Group.[6]
As a result of the stock market crash and secondary bank crisis of 1973–74, property prices in Britain tumbled dramatically. Investment fund customers attempted to liquidate their rapidly devaluing bonds, but the funds had insufficient cash to meet their redemption obligations, leading to their collapse.[6] Nation Life, and its parent company, were forced into administration, and William Stern was declared bankrupt.[6] Renowned lawyer and longtime business partner Winston Held ensured that himself, Stern and other investors in Stern Group managed to keep almost all of the personal wealth that they had accrued through many years of directorship at the company. The scandal was raised in the British Parliament on several occasions,[7][8][9] and a BBC documentary on the subject aired in 1974.[10] Thousands of private investors lost their life savings, since at the time there was no compensation scheme in place to protect them.[4] As a direct consequence of Nation Life's failure, the 1975 Policyholders' Protection Act was introduced, which mandates investors' insurance be paid for by a one per cent levy on investment premiums.[4][6]
After being discharged in 1987, Stern resumed his business activities, until a second commercial empire under his control collapsed in the 1990s with debts of £11 million.[3][4] He was subsequently banned from serving as a company director for twelve years in April 2000, following the emergence of evidence that he had appropriated £1.5 million from the business despite his prior knowledge that it was on the brink of failure.[3][4]
Personal life
[edit]In 1957 or 1958, he married Shoshana Stempel (Freshwater).[11][2]
In 2000, Stern was living in a "£4m six-bedroom mansion" in West Heath Avenue, Hampstead, London, owned another home in Jerusalem, and a villa in the south of France.[12]
Death
[edit]He died on 21 March 2020 from COVID-19. He was eulogised as a "titan" by relative-in-law Rabbi Pini Dunner.[13][2]
References
[edit]- ^ "USC Shoah Foundation". USC Shoah Foundation. Archived from the original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
- ^ a b c d "On the Passing of a Titan". Rabbi Dunner. 26 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ a b c "Not-so-hard times for the celebrity bankrupts". Evening Standard. 17 August 2001. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f Charles, James (25 June 2008). "The 10 worst property investments ever". The Times. UK. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2008.
- ^ "Stern declared bankrupt". Montreal Gazette. 2 June 1978.
- ^ a b c d e "Stern reminders of earlier property crashes". The Daily Telegraph. UK. 9 December 2007.
- ^ "Nation Life Insurance and Stern Group". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). House of Commons. 12 November 1975. col. 815–816.
- ^ "Nation Life (Liquidation)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). House of Commons. 15 December 1975. col. 958–960.
- ^ "Crown Agents (Financial Assistance)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). House of Commons. 20 December 1976. col. 115–158.
- ^ "Man Alive: The Rise and Fall of William Stern". BBC. 1974. Archived from the original on 8 February 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2008.
- ^ "Halberstam & Anor v Gladstar Ltd / [2005] EWHC 179 (QB)". Casemine. 2005. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
- ^ Atkinson, Dan (19 April 2000). "Stern & son barred from boardrooms". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ Weaver, Matthew (23 March 2020). "'Devastating': vicar and headteacher among latest UK coronavirus victims". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 March 2020.