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{{short description|Austrian-Czech linguist}}
{{Short description|Austrian-Czech linguist (1887–1970)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|cs1-dates=ll|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox academic
{{Infobox academic
|name=Julius Pokorny
|name=Julius Pokorny
|image=Julius Pokorny.jpg
|image=Julius Pokorny.jpg
|birth_date=12 June 1887
|birth_date=12 June 1887
|birth_place = [[Prague]]
|birth_place = [[Prague]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1970|4|8|1887|6|12}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1970|4|8|1887|6|12}}
|death_place= [[Zürich]]
|death_place= [[Zürich]], [[Switzerland]]
|education = [[University of Vienna]]
|education = [[University of Vienna]]
|workplaces = University of Vienna<br/>[[Humboldt University of Berlin|Friedrich Wilhelm University]]<br/>[[University of Bern]]<br/>[[University of Zurich]]<br/>[[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]]
|workplaces = University of Vienna<br />[[Humboldt University of Berlin|Friedrich Wilhelm University]]<br />[[University of Bern]]<br />[[University of Zurich]]<br />[[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]]
|nationality = Austrian-Czech<ref name=mees/>}}
|nationality = Austrian-Czech<ref name="mees" />}}
'''Julius Pokorny''' (12 June 1887 – 8 April 1970) was an Austrian-Czech linguist and scholar of the [[Celtic languages]], particularly Irish, and a supporter of [[Irish nationalism]]. He held academic posts in Austrian and German universities.
'''Julius Pokorny''' (12 June 1887 – 8 April 1970) was an Austrian-Czech [[Linguistics|linguist]] and scholar of the [[Celtic languages]] and of [[Celtic studies]], particularly of the [[Irish language]], and a supporter of [[Irish nationalism]]. He held academic posts in Austrian and German universities.


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
He was born in [[Prague]], [[Bohemia]], under the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]], and he was educated at the [[Piarist]] School in Prague and the [[Kremsmunster Abbey|Benedictine Abbey]] school in [[Kremsmünster]], Austria. From 1905 until 1911, he studied at the [[University of Vienna]], graduating in law and philology, and he taught there from 1913 to 1920.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|pp=21–26}}
Julius Pokorny was born on 12 June 1887 in [[Prague]], [[Bohemia]], under the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]]. He was educated at the [[Piarist]] School in Prague and the [[Kremsmunster Abbey|Benedictine Abbey]] school in [[Kremsmünster]], Austria. From 1905 until 1911, he studied at the [[University of Vienna]], graduating in law and [[philology]], and he taught there from 1913 to 1920.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|pp=21–26}}


==Career==
==Career==
During [[World War I]], Pokorny was involved in pro-German propagandist activities, inciting the Irish against England. He is known to have met and corresponded with [[Roger Casement]], an activist for Irish independence who was executed in 1916.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|pp=41}}<ref>Doerries, Reinhard R., ''Prelude to the Easter Rising: Sir Roger Casement in Imperial Germany'', Frank Cass, London & Portland 2000, p. 189</ref> Pokorny also served in the war as a reservist in the Austrian ([[Cisleithania]]n) Army starting in 1916.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|p=40}}
During [[World War I]], Pokorny was a pro-German [[propagandist]], urging Irish republicans to launch the [[Easter Rising]] against the [[British Empire]]. He is known to have met and corresponded with [[Roger Casement]], an activist for Irish independence who was executed in 1916.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|pp=41}}<ref>Doerries, Reinhard R., ''Prelude to the Easter Rising: Sir Roger Casement in Imperial Germany'', Frank Cass, London & Portland 2000, p. 189</ref> Pokorny also served in the war as a reservist in the [[Austro-Hungarian Army]] ([[Cisleithania]]n) Army starting in 1916.{{sfnp|Ó Dochartaigh|2004|p=40}}


In 1920, he succeeded [[Kuno Meyer]] as Chair of [[Celtic languages|Celtic]] [[Philology]] at [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Friedrich Wilhelm University]] in Berlin. Although baptised Catholic at birth and being sympathetic to German nationalism, he was suspended in 1933 under the [[Nazi]] [[Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service]], because of his [[Jew]]ish ancestry. He was reinstated later that year under the [[Frontkämpferprivileg|exemption for those who had worn the uniform of Germany]] or its allies in World War I, which had been insisted on by President [[Paul von Hindenburg]] before he signed the bill into law. In 1935, he was dismissed under the provisions of the racist [[Nuremberg Laws]], this led to his replacement as the Berlin Chair for Celtic studies by {{ill|Ludwig Mühlhausen|de}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.keltologie.uni-bonn.de/abteilung-keltologie/institutsgeschichte |title=Institutsgeschichte |last=Hemprich|website=Universität Bonn Abteilung für Keltologie|access-date=9 July 2019 }}</ref> He continued to live more or less openly in Berlin until at least 1939, but lived a shadowy existence there from around 1940. He escaped to Switzerland in 1943,<ref>Keogh p.&nbsp;103</ref> where he taught for a few years at the [[University of Bern]] and at the [[University of Zurich]] until his retirement in 1959.
In 1920, he succeeded [[Kuno Meyer]] as Chair of Celtic Philology at [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Friedrich Wilhelm University]] in Berlin. Although baptised [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] at birth and being sympathetic to [[German nationalism]], he was suspended in 1933 under the [[Nazi]] [[Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service]], because of his [[Jew]]ish ancestry. He was reinstated later that year under the [[Frontkämpferprivileg|exemption for those who had worn the uniform of Germany]] or its allies in World War I, which had been insisted on by [[Weimar Republic]] President [[Paul von Hindenburg]] as a precondition before he signed the bill into law. In 1935, he was dismissed once again under the provisions of the racist [[Nuremberg Laws]]; which led to his replacement as the Berlin Chair for Celtic Studies by {{ill|Ludwig Mühlhausen|de}}.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.keltologie.uni-bonn.de/abteilung-keltologie/institutsgeschichte |title=Institutsgeschichte |last=Hemprich |website=Universität Bonn Abteilung für Keltologie |access-date=9 July 2019}}</ref> He continued to live more or less openly in Berlin until at least 1939, but lived a shadowy and underground existence there from around 1940 until he escaped to Switzerland in 1943.{{sfnp|Keogh|1998|p=103}} He taught for a few years at the [[University of Bern]] and at the [[University of Zurich]] until his retirement in 1959.


In 1954, he received an honorary professorship at [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]], where he taught part-time in 1956 and again from 1960 to 1965. He was awarded honorary degrees by the [[Swansea University|University of Wales at Swansea]] in 1965 and [[Edinburgh University]] in 1967.
In 1954, he received an honorary professorship at [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]], where he taught part-time in 1956 and again from 1960 to 1965. He was awarded honorary degrees by the [[Swansea University|University of Wales at Swansea]] in 1965 and [[Edinburgh University]] in 1967.
Line 27: Line 27:


==Scholarship==
==Scholarship==
He was the editor of the journal of philological studies ''[[Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie]]'' from 1921 until forced out by the Nazis in 1939,{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} and was responsible for reviving it in 1954. He continued to edit it until his death in 1970. He is the author of the ''[[Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch]]'' (''Indo-European Etymological Dictionary''; 1959), which was a central text in its time. He also published several collections of Irish writing in German translation, and a thoroughly pro-nationalist{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} history of Ireland in 1916, which appeared in English translation in 1933.<ref>Pokorny, Julius, ''Irland'', 1916; Pokorny, Julius, ''A History of Ireland'', 1933.</ref>
He was the editor of the journal of philological studies {{lang|de|[[Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie]]}} from 1921 until forced out by the Nazis in 1939,{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} and was responsible for reviving it in 1954. He continued to edit it until his death in 1970. He is the author of the {{lang|de|[[Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch]]}} ('Indo-European Etymological Dictionary'; 1959), which was a central text in its time. He also published several collections of Irish writing in German translation, and a thoroughly [[Irish nationalist]]{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} [[history of Ireland]] in 1916, which appeared in English translation in 1933.<ref>Pokorny, Julius, ''Irland'', 1916. Pokorny, Julius, ''A History of Ireland'', 1933.</ref>


Pokorny was a dedicated supporter of the [[Pan-Illyrian theory]] and located the Illyrian civilisation's ''Urheimat'' between the [[Weser]] and the [[Vistula]] and east from that region where migration began around 2400&nbsp;BC.<ref>Pokorny, J. (1936) "Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen", p. 213</ref> Pokorny suggested that Illyrian elements were to be found in much of continental Europe and also in Britain and Ireland. His ''[[Illyromania]]'' derived in part from archaeological ''[[Germanomania]]'' and was supported by contemporary place-names specialists such as [[Max Vasmer]] (1928, 1929)<ref>Vasmer, Max. 1928 "Beitrage zur alten Geographie der Gebiete zwischen Elbe und Weichsel" ''Zeitschrift für slawische Philologie'' 5.360–370.</ref> and [[Hans Krahe]] (1929, 1935, 1940).<ref>Krahe, Hans. ''Lexikon altillyrischer Personennamen'' (Dictionary of Old Illyrian personal names) (1929).</ref>
Pokorny was a dedicated supporter of the [[Pan-Illyrian theory]] and located the Illyrian civilisation's {{lang|de|[[Urheimat]]}} between the [[Weser]] and the [[Vistula]] and east from that region where migration began around 2400&nbsp;BC.<ref>Pokorny, J. (1936) "Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen", p. 213</ref> Pokorny suggested that Illyrian elements were to be found in much of continental Europe and also in Britain and Ireland. His "Illyromania" derived in part from archaeological "Germanomania" and was supported by contemporary place-names specialists such as [[Max Vasmer]] (1928, 1929)<ref>Vasmer, Max. 1928 "Beitrage zur alten Geographie der Gebiete zwischen Elbe und Weichsel" ''Zeitschrift für slawische Philologie'' 5.360–370.</ref> and [[Hans Krahe]] (1929, 1935, 1940).<ref>Krahe, Hans. ''Lexikon altillyrischer Personennamen'' (Dictionary of Old Illyrian personal names) (1929).</ref>


== Works ==
== Works ==
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* ''Altkeltische Dichtungen: Aus dem Irisch-Gälischen und Cymrischen übertragen und eingeleitet''. [[Bern]]: A. Francke, 1944.
* ''Altkeltische Dichtungen: Aus dem Irisch-Gälischen und Cymrischen übertragen und eingeleitet''. [[Bern]]: A. Francke, 1944.
* with Vittore Pisani, ''Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft: Indogermanistik. Keltologie''. Bern: A. Francke, 1953.
* with Vittore Pisani, ''Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft: Indogermanistik. Keltologie''. Bern: A. Francke, 1953.
* ''Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch'', 2 vols. Tübingen–Bern–Munich: A. Francke, 1957/1969 (1st edn.), 2005 (5th edn.). {{ISBN|3772009476}}
* ''[[Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch]]'', 2 vols. Tübingen–Bern–Munich: A. Francke, 1957/1969 (1st edn.), 2005 (5th edn.). {{ISBN|3772009476}}


; Articles
; Articles
* “Der Gral in Irland und die mythischen Grundlagen der Gralsage”, ''Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien'' 62 (1912): 1–15.
* "Der Gral in Irland und die mythischen Grundlagen der Gralsage", ''Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien'' 62 (1912): 1–15.
* “Erschienene Schriften: Rudolf Thurneysen, Zu irischen Handschriften und Literaturdenkmälern”, ''[[Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie]]'' (ZCP) 9 (1913): 184–6.
* "Erschienene Schriften: Rudolf Thurneysen, Zu irischen Handschriften und Literaturdenkmälern", ''[[Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie]]'' (ZCP) 9 (1913): 184–6.
* “Die englische Herrschaft in Irland”, ''Petermanns Mitteilungen'' 62 (1916): 361–65, 409–12.
* "Die englische Herrschaft in Irland", ''Petermanns Mitteilungen'' 62 (1916): 361–65, 409–12.
* “Der irische Aufstand von 1798”, ''Irische Blätter'' 4 (1916): 331–340.
* "Der irische Aufstand von 1798", ''Irische Blätter'' 4 (1916): 331–340.
* “Rasse und Volk in Irland”, ''Irische Blätter'' 7 (1917): 524–528.
* "Rasse und Volk in Irland", ''Irische Blätter'' 7 (1917): 524–528.
* “Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 1. Die Fir Bolg, die Urbevölkerung Irlands”, ''ZCP'' 11 (1916–17): 189–204.
* "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 1. Die Fir Bolg, die Urbevölkerung Irlands", ''ZCP'' 11 (1916–17): 189–204.
* “Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 2. Der gae bolga und die nördliche, nicht-iberische Urbevölkerung der Britischen Inseln”, ''ZCP'' 12 (1918): 195–231.
* "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 2. Der gae bolga und die nördliche, nicht-iberische Urbevölkerung der Britischen Inseln", ''ZCP'' 12 (1918): 195–231.
* “Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 3. Érainn, Dárin(n)e und die Iverni und Darini des Ptolemäus”, ''ZCP'' 12 (1918): 323–357.
* "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 3. Érainn, Dárin(n)e und die Iverni und Darini des Ptolemäus", ''ZCP'' 12 (1918): 323–357.
* “Zu Morands Fürstenspiegel”, ''ZCP'' 13 (1921): 43–6.
* "Zu Morands Fürstenspiegel", ''ZCP'' 13 (1921): 43–6.
* “Das nichtindogermanische Substrat im Irischen”, ''ZCP'' 16 (1927): 95–144, 231–66, 363–94; 17 (1928): 373–88; 18 (1930): 233–48.
* "Das nichtindogermanische Substrat im Irischen", ''ZCP'' 16 (1927): 95–144, 231–66, 363–94; 17 (1928): 373–88; 18 (1930): 233–48.
* “Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen”, ''Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien'' 66 (1936): 69–91.
* "Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen", ''Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien'' 66 (1936): 69–91.
* “Zum nichtindogermanischen Substrat im Inselkeltischen”, ''[[Die Sprache]]'' 1 (1949): 235–45.
* "Zum nichtindogermanischen Substrat im Inselkeltischen", ''Die Sprache'' 1 (1949): 235–45.
* “Die Geographie Irland bei Ptolemaios”, ''ZCP'' 24 (1954): 94–120.
* "Die Geographie Irland bei Ptolemaios", ''ZCP'' 24 (1954): 94–120.
*“Keltische Urgeschichte und Sprachwissenschaft”, ''[[Die Sprache]]'' 5 (1959): 152–64.
*"Keltische Urgeschichte und Sprachwissenschaft", ''Die Sprache'' 5 (1959): 152–64.
* “The Pre-Celtic Inhabitants of Ireland”, ''[[Celtica (journal)|Celtica]]'' 5 (1960): 229–40.
* "The Pre-Celtic Inhabitants of Ireland", ''[[Celtica (journal)|Celtica]]'' 5 (1960): 229–40.


==See also==
==See also==
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{{reflist|
{{reflist|
refs=
refs=
⚫
<ref name="mees">Mees, Bernard (1996), "[https://books.google.com/books?id=e7srAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22julius+pokorny%22+%22austrian Linguistics and Nationalism: Henry d'Arbois de Jubainville and Cultural Hegemony]", ''Melbourne Historical Journal'' '''25''', p. 55 (46–64): "Austrian-Czech Celticist".</ref>
<ref name=mees>
⚫
Mees, Bernard (1996), "[https://books.google.com/books?id=e7srAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22julius+pokorny%22+%22austrian Linguistics and Nationalism: Henry d'Arbois de Jubainville and Cultural Hegemony]", ''Melbourne Historical Journal'' '''25''', p. 55 (46–64): "Austrian-Czech Celticist".
</ref>
}}
}}


;Bibliography
;Bibliography
* {{cite book|last=Ó Dochartaigh|first=Pól|year=2004|title=Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970: Germans, Celts and Nationalism|location=Dublin|publisher=[[Four Courts Press]]|isbn=1-85182-769-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Ó Dochartaigh |first=Pól |date=2004 |title=Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970: Germans, Celts and Nationalism |location=Dublin |publisher=[[Four Courts Press]] |isbn=1-85182-769-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Keogh|first=Dermot|authorlink=Dermot Keogh|year=1998|title=Jews in Twentieth Century Ireland Refugees, Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust|location=Cork|publisher=[[Cork University Press]]|isbn=978-1-85918-150-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Keogh |first=Dermot |authorlink=Dermot Keogh |date=1998 |title=Jews in Twentieth Century Ireland: Refugees, Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust |publisher=[[Cork University Press]] |isbn=978-1-85918-150-8}}


==Further reading ==
==Further reading ==
*{{Cite book|last=Ó Dochartaigh|first=Pól|title=Fractured Biographies|date=2003|publisher=Rodopi|isbn=978-90-420-0966-0|editor-last=Wallace|editor-first=Ian|chapter=Julius Pokorny: An Outsider}}
*{{Cite book |last=Ó Dochartaigh |first=Pól |title=Fractured Biographies |date=2003 |publisher=Rodopi |isbn=978-90-420-0966-0 |editor-last=Wallace |editor-first=Ian |chapter=Julius Pokorny: An Outsider}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060502190016/http://volny.cz/enelen/pok.htm Bibliography of the Scientific Publications of Julius Pokorny]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060502190016/http://volny.cz/enelen/pok.htm Bibliography of the Scientific Publications of Julius Pokorny]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071119004412/http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/product.php?intProductID=592 Book announcement for Pól Ó Dochartaigh, ''Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970: Germans, Celts and nationalism'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071119004412/http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/product.php?intProductID=592 Book announcement for Pól Ó Dochartaigh, ''Julius Pokorny, 1887–1970: Germans, Celts and Nationalism'']
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=Dof6ABIIfwkC&pg=RA1-PA237 Mentioned in James Joyce's ''Ulysses'']
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=Dof6ABIIfwkC&pg=RA1-PA237 Mentioned in James Joyce's ''Ulysses'']


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:Celtic studies scholars]]
[[Category:Linguists from the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Linguists from the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Linguists from Austria]]
[[Category:Linguists from Austria]]
[[Category:Linguists from Switzerland]]
[[Category:Linguists from Switzerland]]
[[Category:Celtic studies scholars]]
[[Category:Linguists of Celtic languages]]
[[Category:Linguists of Indo-European languages]]
[[Category:Linguists of Indo-European languages]]
[[Category:Etymologists]]
[[Category:Etymologists]]
[[Category:Austro-Hungarian Jews]]
[[Category:Jews from Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:Austrian expatriates in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Austrian expatriates in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Austrian expatriates in Germany]]
[[Category:Austrian expatriates in Germany]]

Latest revision as of 11:37, 14 July 2024

Julius Pokorny
Born12 June 1887
Prague, Austria-Hungary
Died8 April 1970(1970-04-08) (aged 82)
Zürich, Switzerland
NationalityAustrian-Czech[1]
Academic background
EducationUniversity of Vienna
Academic work
InstitutionsUniversity of Vienna
Friedrich Wilhelm University
University of Bern
University of Zurich
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

Julius Pokorny (12 June 1887 – 8 April 1970) was an Austrian-Czech linguist and scholar of the Celtic languages and of Celtic studies, particularly of the Irish language, and a supporter of Irish nationalism. He held academic posts in Austrian and German universities.

Early life and education

[edit]

Julius Pokorny was born on 12 June 1887 in Prague, Bohemia, under the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was educated at the Piarist School in Prague and the Benedictine Abbey school in Kremsmünster, Austria. From 1905 until 1911, he studied at the University of Vienna, graduating in law and philology, and he taught there from 1913 to 1920.[2]

Career

[edit]

During World War I, Pokorny was a pro-German propagandist, urging Irish republicans to launch the Easter Rising against the British Empire. He is known to have met and corresponded with Roger Casement, an activist for Irish independence who was executed in 1916.[3][4] Pokorny also served in the war as a reservist in the Austro-Hungarian Army (Cisleithanian) Army starting in 1916.[5]

In 1920, he succeeded Kuno Meyer as Chair of Celtic Philology at Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin. Although baptised Catholic at birth and being sympathetic to German nationalism, he was suspended in 1933 under the Nazi Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, because of his Jewish ancestry. He was reinstated later that year under the exemption for those who had worn the uniform of Germany or its allies in World War I, which had been insisted on by Weimar Republic President Paul von Hindenburg as a precondition before he signed the bill into law. In 1935, he was dismissed once again under the provisions of the racist Nuremberg Laws; which led to his replacement as the Berlin Chair for Celtic Studies by Ludwig Mühlhausen [de].[6] He continued to live more or less openly in Berlin until at least 1939, but lived a shadowy and underground existence there from around 1940 until he escaped to Switzerland in 1943.[7] He taught for a few years at the University of Bern and at the University of Zurich until his retirement in 1959.

In 1954, he received an honorary professorship at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where he taught part-time in 1956 and again from 1960 to 1965. He was awarded honorary degrees by the University of Wales at Swansea in 1965 and Edinburgh University in 1967.

Death

[edit]

He died in Zürich in 1970, almost three weeks after being hit by a tram not far from his home.

Scholarship

[edit]

He was the editor of the journal of philological studies Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie from 1921 until forced out by the Nazis in 1939,[citation needed] and was responsible for reviving it in 1954. He continued to edit it until his death in 1970. He is the author of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch ('Indo-European Etymological Dictionary'; 1959), which was a central text in its time. He also published several collections of Irish writing in German translation, and a thoroughly Irish nationalist[citation needed] history of Ireland in 1916, which appeared in English translation in 1933.[8]

Pokorny was a dedicated supporter of the Pan-Illyrian theory and located the Illyrian civilisation's Urheimat between the Weser and the Vistula and east from that region where migration began around 2400 BC.[9] Pokorny suggested that Illyrian elements were to be found in much of continental Europe and also in Britain and Ireland. His "Illyromania" derived in part from archaeological "Germanomania" and was supported by contemporary place-names specialists such as Max Vasmer (1928, 1929)[10] and Hans Krahe (1929, 1935, 1940).[11]

Works

[edit]
Books
  • Der Ursprung der Arthursage. Vienna: Anthropologische Gesellschaft, 1909.
  • A Concise Old Irish Grammar and Reader. Halle an der Saale: Max Niemeyer; Dublin: Hodges/Figgis, 1914.
  • Irland. Gotha: F.A. Perthes, 1916 (Perthes' kleine Völker- und Länderkunde 1).
    • English translation: A History of Ireland, trans. Séana D King. London: Longmans; NY: Green and Co., 1933.
  • Die älteste Lyrik der grünen Insel. Halle: M. Niemeyer, 1923.
  • A Historical Reader of Old Irish: Texts, Paradigms, Notes, and a Complete Glossary. Halle: M. Niemeyer (reprint: New York: AMS, 1985).
  • Altirische Grammatik. Berlin–Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter, 1925.
  • Alois Walde, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen, 3 vols. Edited and supplemented by Julius Pokorny. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1927–1932 (reprint: 1973, ISBN 3-11-004556-7).
  • Zur Urgeschichte der Kelten und Illyrier. Halle: M. Niemeyer, 1938.
  • Altkeltische Dichtungen: Aus dem Irisch-Gälischen und Cymrischen übertragen und eingeleitet. Bern: A. Francke, 1944.
  • with Vittore Pisani, Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft: Indogermanistik. Keltologie. Bern: A. Francke, 1953.
  • Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 2 vols. Tübingen–Bern–Munich: A. Francke, 1957/1969 (1st edn.), 2005 (5th edn.). ISBN 3772009476
Articles
  • "Der Gral in Irland und die mythischen Grundlagen der Gralsage", Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien 62 (1912): 1–15.
  • "Erschienene Schriften: Rudolf Thurneysen, Zu irischen Handschriften und Literaturdenkmälern", Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie (ZCP) 9 (1913): 184–6.
  • "Die englische Herrschaft in Irland", Petermanns Mitteilungen 62 (1916): 361–65, 409–12.
  • "Der irische Aufstand von 1798", Irische Blätter 4 (1916): 331–340.
  • "Rasse und Volk in Irland", Irische Blätter 7 (1917): 524–528.
  • "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 1. Die Fir Bolg, die Urbevölkerung Irlands", ZCP 11 (1916–17): 189–204.
  • "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 2. Der gae bolga und die nördliche, nicht-iberische Urbevölkerung der Britischen Inseln", ZCP 12 (1918): 195–231.
  • "Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands. 3. Érainn, Dárin(n)e und die Iverni und Darini des Ptolemäus", ZCP 12 (1918): 323–357.
  • "Zu Morands Fürstenspiegel", ZCP 13 (1921): 43–6.
  • "Das nichtindogermanische Substrat im Irischen", ZCP 16 (1927): 95–144, 231–66, 363–94; 17 (1928): 373–88; 18 (1930): 233–48.
  • "Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen", Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien 66 (1936): 69–91.
  • "Zum nichtindogermanischen Substrat im Inselkeltischen", Die Sprache 1 (1949): 235–45.
  • "Die Geographie Irland bei Ptolemaios", ZCP 24 (1954): 94–120.
  • "Keltische Urgeschichte und Sprachwissenschaft", Die Sprache 5 (1959): 152–64.
  • "The Pre-Celtic Inhabitants of Ireland", Celtica 5 (1960): 229–40.

See also

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References

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Citations
  1. ^ Mees, Bernard (1996), "Linguistics and Nationalism: Henry d'Arbois de Jubainville and Cultural Hegemony", Melbourne Historical Journal 25, p. 55 (46–64): "Austrian-Czech Celticist".
  2. ^ Ó Dochartaigh (2004), pp. 21–26.
  3. ^ Ó Dochartaigh (2004), pp. 41.
  4. ^ Doerries, Reinhard R., Prelude to the Easter Rising: Sir Roger Casement in Imperial Germany, Frank Cass, London & Portland 2000, p. 189
  5. ^ Ó Dochartaigh (2004), p. 40.
  6. ^ Hemprich. "Institutsgeschichte". Universität Bonn Abteilung für Keltologie. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  7. ^ Keogh (1998), p. 103.
  8. ^ Pokorny, Julius, Irland, 1916. Pokorny, Julius, A History of Ireland, 1933.
  9. ^ Pokorny, J. (1936) "Substrattheorie und Urheimat der Indogermanen", p. 213
  10. ^ Vasmer, Max. 1928 "Beitrage zur alten Geographie der Gebiete zwischen Elbe und Weichsel" Zeitschrift für slawische Philologie 5.360–370.
  11. ^ Krahe, Hans. Lexikon altillyrischer Personennamen (Dictionary of Old Illyrian personal names) (1929).
Bibliography

Further reading

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  • Ó Dochartaigh, Pól (2003). "Julius Pokorny: An Outsider". In Wallace, Ian (ed.). Fractured Biographies. Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-0966-0.
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