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| frequency = 1580 [[kHz]]
| frequency = 1580 [[kHz]]
| languages =
| languages =
| format = [[Talk radio|Progressive talk]]
| format = [[Progressive talk radio|Urban/progressive talk]]
| power = 50,000 [[watt]]s
| power = 50,000 [[watt]]s
| class = B
| class = B
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| operator = [[Tavis Smiley]] (Smiley Radio Properties, Inc.)
| operator = [[Tavis Smiley]] (Smiley Radio Properties, Inc.)
| sister_stations =
| sister_stations =
| webcast =
| webcast = [https://radio.securenetsystems.net/cwa/index.cfm?stationCallSign=KBLA Listen Live]
| website = {{url|http://kbla1580.com/}}
| website = {{url|http://kbla1580.com/}}
| licensing_authority= [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]]
}}
}}


'''KBLA''' (1580 [[AM broadcasting|AM]]) is a broadcast [[radio station]] in the United States. [[City of license|Licensed]] to [[Santa Monica, California]], KBLA serves the [[Greater Los Angeles]] area. The station is owned by [[Multicultural Broadcasting]], through licensee Multicultural Radio Broadcasting Licensee, LLC, and operated by pending owner [[Tavis Smiley]] with a [[progressive talk radio|progressive talk]] format.
'''KBLA''' (1580 [[AM broadcasting|AM]]) is a broadcast [[radio station]] in the United States. [[City of license|Licensed]] to [[Santa Monica, California]], KBLA serves the [[Greater Los Angeles]] area. The station is owned by [[Multicultural Broadcasting]], through licensee Multicultural Radio Broadcasting Licensee, LLC, and operated by pending owner [[Tavis Smiley]] with an [[progressive talk radio|urban/progressive talk]] format.


For much of its early history, the station had music formats and was aimed towards a black audience. The station was founded in 1947 as KOWL and played [[Middle of the road (music)|middle of the road]] music; [[Gene Autry]] was an early investor in the station. From 1956 to 1991, the station had call sign KDAY and had top 40, rock, and R&B formats through the early 1980s. In 1983, KDAY became the first station in Los Angeles to play [[hip hop music]]; as a result, KDAY became the most popular station among black listeners in the area.
For much of its early history, the station had music formats and was aimed towards a black audience. The station was founded in 1947 as KOWL and played [[Middle of the road (music)|middle of the road]] music; [[Gene Autry]] was an early investor in the station. From 1956 to 1991, the station had call sign KDAY and had top 40, rock, and R&B formats through the early 1980s. In 1983, KDAY became the first station in Los Angeles to play [[hip hop music]]; as a result, KDAY became the most popular station among black listeners in the area.
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==History==
==History==
For information on KBLA, a Los Angeles area radio station that broadcast at 1500 kHz from 1952 to 1967, see article on [[KROQ (1500 AM)]].
===As KOWL (1947–1956)===
===As KOWL (1947–1956)===
Originally, the station made its first broadcast July 30, 1947 as KOWL, a 5,000-[[watt]], [[Daytimer|daytime-only]] station licensed to [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]. It was owned and operated by Arthur H. Croghan, formerly commercial manager for [[WLQV|WJBK]] in [[Detroit]].<ref name="KOWL goes on air">{{cite magazine |title=KOWL Goes on Air, Is Owned by Croghan |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-08-11-BC.pdf |access-date=October 5, 2014 |magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting |volume=33|issue=6 |date=August 11, 1947|page=32|via=World Radio History}}</ref> The opening day celebration for KOWL on August 10 included such notable figures as Los Angeles Mayor [[Fletcher Bowron]], Santa Monica Mayor Mark T. Gates, country singer [[Gene Autry]], and actress [[Marilyn Monroe]].<ref name="1947 ad">{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-09-08-BC.pdf|title=Sweetest STORY ever told! [advertisement]|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=September 8, 1947|page=27|volume=33|issue=10|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref> However, KOWL broadcast for only six and a half hours that day due to technicians [[walkout|walking out]] of the job due to a dispute over [[unionization]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-08-18-BC.pdf|title=Technicians' walkout mars KOWL's opening|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=August 18, 1948|page=82|volume=33|issue=7|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref>
Originally, the station at 1580&nbsp;kHz made its first broadcast July 30, 1947 as KOWL, a 5,000-[[watt]], [[Daytimer|daytime-only]] station licensed to [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]. It was owned and operated by Arthur H. Croghan, formerly commercial manager for [[WLQV|WJBK]] in [[Detroit]].<ref name="KOWL goes on air">{{cite magazine |title=KOWL Goes on Air, Is Owned by Croghan |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-08-11-BC.pdf |access-date=October 5, 2014 |magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting |volume=33|issue=6 |date=August 11, 1947|page=32|via=World Radio History}}</ref> The opening day celebration for KOWL on August 10 included such notable figures as Los Angeles Mayor [[Fletcher Bowron]], Santa Monica Mayor Mark T. Gates, country singer [[Gene Autry]], and actress [[Marilyn Monroe]].<ref name="1947 ad">{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-09-08-BC.pdf|title=Sweetest STORY ever told! [advertisement]|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=September 8, 1947|page=27|volume=33|issue=10|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref> However, KOWL broadcast for only six and a half hours that day due to technicians [[walkout|walking out]] of the job due to a dispute over [[unionization]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1947/1947-08-18-BC.pdf|title=Technicians' walkout mars KOWL's opening|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=August 18, 1948|page=82|volume=33|issue=7|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref>


KOWL's studios were located at the Ambassador Hotel in Santa Monica.<ref name="KOWL goes on air"/> It had a [[Middle of the road (music)|middle of the road]] music format.<ref name="1947 ad"/> Croghan excluded what he called "commercial religion, disc jockeys, murder mysteries, double spotting, over-commercialism, and...talk exceeding five minutes except in rare instances."<ref name="KOWL goes on air"/> In 1948, Autry became a minority owner of KOWL, and the station began orienting its music and programming towards black listeners.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1948/1948-08-16-BC-Los-Angeles.pdf|title=KOWL|date=August 16, 1948|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|page=20|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref> Autry sold back his stake in KOWL to Croghan for $80,000 in October 1949.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1949/1949-10-17-BC.pdf|title=NBC Buys KMPC; New Group Seeks WHAS|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=October 17, 1949|page=4|volume=37|issue=16|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref>
KOWL's studios were located at the Ambassador Hotel in Santa Monica.<ref name="KOWL goes on air"/> It had a [[Middle of the road (music)|middle of the road]] music format.<ref name="1947 ad"/> Croghan excluded what he called "commercial religion, disc jockeys, murder mysteries, double spotting, over-commercialism, and...talk exceeding five minutes except in rare instances."<ref name="KOWL goes on air"/> In 1948, Autry became a minority owner of KOWL, and the station began orienting its music and programming towards black listeners.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1948/1948-08-16-BC-Los-Angeles.pdf|title=KOWL|date=August 16, 1948|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|page=20|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref> Autry sold back his stake in KOWL to Croghan for $80,000 in October 1949.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1949/1949-10-17-BC.pdf|title=NBC Buys KMPC; New Group Seeks WHAS|magazine=Broadcasting-Telecasting|date=October 17, 1949|page=4|volume=37|issue=16|accessdate=May 3, 2021|via=World Radio History}}</ref>
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Beginning July 22, 1966, KDAY changed its format to [[adult standards]] where DJs played songs by telephone requests; Mexican station [[XEPRS-AM|XERB]] in [[Tijuana]] picked up KDAY's old R&B format around a week later.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1966/1966-07-25-BC.pdf|title=Formats swapped by West Coast stations|magazine=Broadcasting|date=July 25, 1966|page=45|volume=71|issue=4|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Tiegel|first=Eliot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24|title=You-Asked-for-It Radio Blankets Program Scene in Los Angeles|magazine=Billboard|page=24|date=August 27, 1966|volume=78|issue=35|via=Google Books|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref>
Beginning July 22, 1966, KDAY changed its format to [[adult standards]] where DJs played songs by telephone requests; Mexican station [[XEPRS-AM|XERB]] in [[Tijuana]] picked up KDAY's old R&B format around a week later.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1966/1966-07-25-BC.pdf|title=Formats swapped by West Coast stations|magazine=Broadcasting|date=July 25, 1966|page=45|volume=71|issue=4|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Tiegel|first=Eliot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24|title=You-Asked-for-It Radio Blankets Program Scene in Los Angeles|magazine=Billboard|page=24|date=August 27, 1966|volume=78|issue=35|via=Google Books|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref>


In the late 1960s, KDAY received approval from the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) to operate at night. The studio and transmitter site were moved to a new facility on North Alvarado Street north of downtown Los Angeles. In early 1969, KDAY changed to [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40]] and became a member of the [[Cumulus Media Networks#ABC Radio|ABC Radio Network]].<ref name="1971 radio"/> then to [[album-oriented rock]] (AOR) in 1971. During the Top 40 and AOR eras, the station was programmed by Bob Wilson, who would later launch the media magazine ''[[Radio & Records]]''. KDAY reverted to soul/R&B in January 1974.
In the late 1960s, KDAY received approval from the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) to operate at night. The studio and transmitter site were moved to a new facility on North Alvarado Street north of downtown Los Angeles. In early 1969, KDAY changed to [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40]] and became a member of the [[Cumulus Media Networks#ABC Radio|ABC Radio Network]],<ref name="1971 radio"/> then to [[album-oriented rock]] (AOR) in 1971. During the Top 40 and AOR eras, the station was programmed by Bob Wilson, who would later launch the media magazine ''[[Radio & Records]]''. KDAY reverted to soul/R&B in January 1974.


In 1978, KDAY had the highest ratings among the four black radio stations in Los Angeles, ahead of [[KRCD (FM)|KACE]], [[KJLH]], and [[KKTT]]. For a ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' profile that year, KDAY program director J.J. Johnson said the station had an "uptempo approach" to music; the station's slogan at the time was "We got the funk!"<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cSQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28|title=4 L.A. Black Stations Cite Music Over DJ|last=Williams|first=Jean|magazine=Billboard|date=February 18, 1978|pages=28, 69|volume=90|issue=7|accessdate=May 4, 2021|via=Google Books}}</ref>
In 1978, KDAY had the highest ratings among the four black radio stations in Los Angeles, ahead of [[KRCD (FM)|KACE]], [[KJLH]], and [[KKTT]]. For a ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' profile that year, KDAY program director J.J. Johnson said the station had an "uptempo approach" to music; the station's slogan at the time was "We got the funk!"<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cSQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28|title=4 L.A. Black Stations Cite Music Over DJ|last=Williams|first=Jean|magazine=Billboard|date=February 18, 1978|pages=28, 69|volume=90|issue=7|accessdate=May 4, 2021|via=Google Books}}</ref>
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Facing tougher competition from [[FM broadcasting|FM]] stations like [[KJLH]], KDAY became the first Los Angeles radio station to play [[hip hop music]] in 1983. Under new program director and [[disc jockey]] Gregory "Greg The Mack Attack" MacMillan, hired from [[KMJQ]] in Houston, added hip hop to the station's playlist to appeal to mostly young [[African Americans|Black]] and [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] listeners. [[Dr. Dre|DJ Dr. Dre]] and [[DJ Yella|DJ Yella Boy]] became the first mixer DJs at the station.<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|pp=214–216}}</ref> By September 1983, KDAY upgraded its sound to [[AM stereo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://las-solanas.com/arsa/surveys_item.php?sv=60200|title = KDAY 1580 Los Angeles Survey 09/12/83}}</ref> [[Dan Charnas]] described that move as "laughable" and "sounding like ''two'' tiny AM radios playing side by side."<ref name="Charnas 293"/>
Facing tougher competition from [[FM broadcasting|FM]] stations like [[KJLH]], KDAY became the first Los Angeles radio station to play [[hip hop music]] in 1983. Under new program director and [[disc jockey]] Gregory "Greg The Mack Attack" MacMillan, hired from [[KMJQ]] in Houston, added hip hop to the station's playlist to appeal to mostly young [[African Americans|Black]] and [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] listeners. [[Dr. Dre|DJ Dr. Dre]] and [[DJ Yella|DJ Yella Boy]] became the first mixer DJs at the station.<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|pp=214–216}}</ref> By September 1983, KDAY upgraded its sound to [[AM stereo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://las-solanas.com/arsa/surveys_item.php?sv=60200|title = KDAY 1580 Los Angeles Survey 09/12/83}}</ref> [[Dan Charnas]] described that move as "laughable" and "sounding like ''two'' tiny AM radios playing side by side."<ref name="Charnas 293"/>


Def Jam acts such as [[Run-DMC]], [[Beastie Boys]], [[Whodini]], [[The Fat Boys]], [[EPMD|E.P.M.D.]], [[3rd Bass]], and [[Public Enemy (group)|Public Enemy]] dominated the hip hop scene, KDAY brought their music to a new audience on the West Coast. In 1987, [[Compton, California|Compton]]-based gangsta rap group [[N.W.A]] made its radio debut on KDAY. In the first ratings period under MacMillan's leadership, KDAY's ratings beat another Los Angeles black AM station, [[KYPA|KGFJ]], and "began to enjoy a second life as the only rap-friendly station in town and, frankly, in the entire country."<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=217}}</ref>
Some of Def Jam most iconic and legendary acts such as [[Run-DMC|Run-D.M.C.]], [[Beastie Boys]], [[Whodini]], [[The Fat Boys]], [[EPMD|E.P.M.D.]], [[3rd Bass]], and [[Public Enemy (group)|Public Enemy]] have dominated the hip hop scene, KDAY brought their music to a new audience on the West Coast. In 1987, [[Compton, California|Compton]]-based gangsta rap group [[N.W.A]] made its radio debut on KDAY. In the first ratings period under MacMillan's leadership, KDAY's ratings beat another Los Angeles black AM station, [[KYPA|KGFJ]], and "began to enjoy a second life as the only rap-friendly station in town and, frankly, in the entire country."<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=217}}</ref>


KDAY raised awareness about the growing problem of [[Gang|gang violence]] in Los Angeles. [[Lee Marshall (announcer)|Lee Marshall]], known on-air as "King News", gave news and commentaries relevant to the African-American and Hispanic communities, often warning about the troubles caused by gangs.<ref name="Billboard 1991-04-13">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1991/BB-1991-04-13.pdf |last1=Rosen |first1=Craig |last2=McAdams |first2=Janine |magazine=Billboard |title=Rap Music Has The Blues As KDAY L.A. Calls It Quits |pages=1, 13 |date=April 13, 1991 |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref> After violence in the stands forced the cancellation of a [[Run-DMC]] concert at the [[Long Beach Arena]] for the group's ''[[Raising Hell (album)|Raising Hell]]'' tour,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-19-me-16897-story.html |title='Rap' Musicians' Concert Is Canceled at Palladium After Long Beach Fights |work=Los Angeles Times |date=August 19, 1986 |last=Ramos |first=George |access-date=May 3, 2021|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026213934/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-08-19/local/me-16897_1_long-beach-arena|archivedate=October 26, 2015 }}</ref> KDAY organized a "Day of Peace" on October 9, 1986.<ref name="Charnas 218">{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=218}}</ref> In a two-hour special, KDAY featured Run-DMC, singer [[Barry White]], and boxer [[Paul Gonzales]] appealing to rival gangs to stop feuding and opened phone lines for callers to describe gangs' impact in their communities.<ref>{{cite web |last=Boyer |first=Edward J. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-10-me-5239-story.html|title=Celebrities Use Airwaves to Take On Street Violence |work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 10, 1986 |access-date=May 3, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121195942/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-10-10/local/me-5239_1_gang-violence|archivedate=January 21, 2012|url-status=live }}</ref> There were no murders or incidents of gang violence that day. Within two weeks, the [[Bloods]] and [[Crips]], the two largest gangs in Los Angeles, signed a peace treaty.<ref name="Charnas 218"/>
KDAY raised awareness about the growing problem of [[Gang|gang violence]] in Los Angeles. [[Lee Marshall (announcer)|Lee Marshall]], known on-air as "King News", gave news and commentaries relevant to the African-American and Hispanic communities, often warning about the troubles caused by gangs.<ref name="Billboard 1991-04-13">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1991/BB-1991-04-13.pdf |last1=Rosen |first1=Craig |last2=McAdams |first2=Janine |magazine=Billboard |title=Rap Music Has The Blues As KDAY L.A. Calls It Quits |pages=1, 13 |date=April 13, 1991 |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref> After violence in the stands forced the cancellation of a [[Run-DMC]] concert at the [[Long Beach Arena]] for the group's ''[[Raising Hell (album)|Raising Hell]]'' tour,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-19-me-16897-story.html |title='Rap' Musicians' Concert Is Canceled at Palladium After Long Beach Fights |work=Los Angeles Times |date=August 19, 1986 |last=Ramos |first=George |access-date=May 3, 2021|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026213934/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-08-19/local/me-16897_1_long-beach-arena|archivedate=October 26, 2015 }}</ref> KDAY organized a "Day of Peace" on October 9, 1986.<ref name="Charnas 218">{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=218}}</ref> In a two-hour special, KDAY featured Run-DMC, singer [[Barry White]], and boxer [[Paul Gonzales]] appealing to rival gangs to stop feuding and opened phone lines for callers to describe gangs' impact in their communities.<ref>{{cite web |last=Boyer |first=Edward J. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-10-me-5239-story.html|title=Celebrities Use Airwaves to Take On Street Violence |work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 10, 1986 |access-date=May 3, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121195942/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-10-10/local/me-5239_1_gang-violence|archivedate=January 21, 2012|url-status=live }}</ref> There were no murders or incidents of gang violence that day. Within two weeks, the [[Bloods]] and [[Crips]], the two largest gangs in Los Angeles, signed a peace treaty.<ref name="Charnas 218"/>


In 1990, MacMillan left KDAY to work for FM rival KJLH. That same year, realtor [[Fred Sands]], who also owned iconic heavy metal station [[KNAC]], bought KDAY for $7.2 million.<ref name="Charnas 293">{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|pp=293–294}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-02-27-ca-1985-story.html |last1=Claudia |first1=Puig |last2=Hochman |first2=Steve |title=KDAY Says R.I.P. to Rap Format |date=February 27, 1991 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 3, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016065453/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-02-27/entertainment/ca-1985_1_rap-songs|archivedate=October 16, 2012|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1990/BC-1990-04-16.pdf|title=Changing hands|magazine=Broadcasting|date=April 16, 1990|page=70|volume= 118|issue=16|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref> On March 28, 1991, at 1 p.m., KDAY ended its music format.<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=294}}</ref><ref name="Billboard 1991-04-13" />
In 1990, MacMillan left KDAY to work for FM rival KJLH. That same year, realtor [[Fred Sands]], who also owned iconic heavy metal station [[KNAC]], bought KDAY for $7.2 million.<ref name="Charnas 293">{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|pp=293–294}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-02-27-ca-1985-story.html |last1=Claudia |first1=Puig |last2=Hochman |first2=Steve |title=KDAY Says R.I.P. to Rap Format |date=February 27, 1991 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 3, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016065453/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-02-27/entertainment/ca-1985_1_rap-songs|archivedate=October 16, 2012|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1990/BC-1990-04-16.pdf|title=Changing hands|magazine=Broadcasting|date=April 16, 1990|page=70|volume= 118|issue=16|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref> On March 28, 1991, at 1 p.m., after playing “[[Turn Off the Lights]]” by [[Teddy Pendergrass]], KDAY ended its music format, and went silent for nearly three weeks.<ref>{{harvnb|Charnas|2010|p=294}}</ref><ref name="Billboard 1991-04-13" />


As a tribune to the original AM station, [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]] FM station KZAB changed its call sign to [[KDAY]] and format to [[classic hip hop]] in September 2004 in a simulcast with [[KDEY-FM|KDAI]] in [[Riverside, California|Riverside]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/2000s/2004/RR-2004-09-24.pdf |title=Styles Switches KZAB In L.A. To Hip-Hop 'K-Day' |magazine=Radio & Records |pages=3, 10 |date=September 24, 2004 }}</ref>
As a tribute to the original AM station, [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]] FM station KZAB changed its call sign to [[KDAY]] and format to [[classic hip hop]] in September 2004 in a simulcast with [[KDEY-FM|KDAI]] in [[Riverside, California|Riverside]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/2000s/2004/RR-2004-09-24.pdf |title=Styles Switches KZAB In L.A. To Hip-Hop 'K-Day' |magazine=Radio & Records |pages=3, 10 |date=September 24, 2004 }}</ref>


===KBLA (1991–present)===
===KBLA (1991–present)===
KDAY became KBLA on April 5, 1991, and changed April 17 to a [[business journalism|business news]] format branded "Business News L.A."<ref name="FCC data" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-17-ca-130-story.html|title= Business Radio KBLA Will Debut Today |last=Puig|first=Claudia|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 17, 1991|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-M-Street/M-Street-Journal/M-Street-1991-03.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> Among its new programming was ''Cynic's Choice'', a British comedy revue hosted by [[Brian Clewer]] that moved to KBLA in August 1991.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-08-02-ca-91-story.html| title = RADIO - Los Angeles Times| website = [[Los Angeles Times]]| date = August 2, 1991}}</ref>
KDAY became KBLA on April 5, 1991, with the station signing back on the air with a flip to a [[business journalism|business news]] format branded "Business News L.A." on April 17.<ref name="FCC data" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-17-ca-130-story.html|title= Business Radio KBLA Will Debut Today |last=Puig|first=Claudia|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 17, 1991|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Mar 4, 1991 |title=Format Changes |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-M-Street/M-Street-Journal/M-Street-1991-03.pdf |series=Vol. 8, No. 9 |publisher=The M Street Journal |via=WorldRadioHistory}}</ref> Among its new programming was ''Cynic's Choice'', a British comedy revue hosted by [[Brian Clewer]] that moved to KBLA in August 1991.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-08-02-ca-91-story.html| title = RADIO - Los Angeles Times| website = [[Los Angeles Times]]| date = August 2, 1991}}</ref>


The business format lasted just one year; KBLA changed to a Korean format branded "Radio Korea" in January 1992.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-29-fi-1053-story.html|title= Radio Korea to Replace KBLA's Business Format |last=Lippman|first=John|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 29, 1992|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref>
The business format lasted just one year; KBLA changed to a Korean format branded "Radio Korea" in January 1992.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-29-fi-1053-story.html|title= Radio Korea to Replace KBLA's Business Format |last=Lippman|first=John|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 29, 1992|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref>
Line 95: Line 97:


==Operations==
==Operations==
KBLA broadcasts with a power of 50,000 [[watt]]s day and night, using a complex [[directional antenna]] utilizing 6 towers. The [[transmitter]] is off North Alvarado Street, near [[Glendale Boulevard]], in Los Angeles.<ref>[https://radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/finder?sr=Y&s=C&call=kbla&nav=home Radio-Locator.com/KBLA]</ref> Because [[1580 AM]] is a Canadian [[clear channel station|clear channel frequency]], KBLA's signal is directional at night.
KBLA broadcasts with a power of 50,000 [[watt]]s day and night, using a complex [[directional antenna]] utilizing 6 towers. The [[transmitter]] is off North Alvarado Street, near [[Glendale Boulevard]], in Los Angeles.<ref>[https://radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/finder?sr=Y&s=C&call=kbla&nav=home Radio-Locator.com/KBLA]</ref> Because [[1580 AM]] is a Canadian [[clear channel station|clear channel frequency]], KBLA's signal is directional at night.


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/getimportletter_exh.cgi?import_letter_id=37093 FCC History Cards for KBLA]
*[https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/getimportletter_exh.cgi?import_letter_id=37093&.pdf FCC History Cards for KBLA]
*{{official website|http://kblatalk1580.com/}}
*{{official website|http://kblatalk1580.com/}}
*{{AM station data|KBLA}}
*{{AM station data|34385|KBLA}}


{{Los Angeles Radio}}
{{Los Angeles Radio}}

Latest revision as of 07:31, 24 July 2024

Not to be confused with KBIA.

KBLA
Broadcast areaGreater Los Angeles
Frequency1580 kHz
BrandingKBLA 1580 AM Talk Radio
Programming
FormatUrban/progressive talk
AffiliationsBlack Information Network
Compass Media Networks
Ownership
Owner
OperatorTavis Smiley (Smiley Radio Properties, Inc.)
History
First air date
July 30, 1947; 77 years ago (1947-07-30)
Former call signs
KOWL (1947–1956)
KDAY (1956–1991)
Call sign meaning
Business News L.A. (previous format)
or
Black
Technical information[1]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID34385
ClassB
Power50,000 watts
Transmitter coordinates
34°5′9.65″N 118°15′28.46″W / 34.0860139°N 118.2579056°W / 34.0860139; -118.2579056
Links
Public license information
WebcastListen Live
Websitekbla1580.com

KBLA (1580 AM) is a broadcast radio station in the United States. Licensed to Santa Monica, California, KBLA serves the Greater Los Angeles area. The station is owned by Multicultural Broadcasting, through licensee Multicultural Radio Broadcasting Licensee, LLC, and operated by pending owner Tavis Smiley with an urban/progressive talk format.

For much of its early history, the station had music formats and was aimed towards a black audience. The station was founded in 1947 as KOWL and played middle of the road music; Gene Autry was an early investor in the station. From 1956 to 1991, the station had call sign KDAY and had top 40, rock, and R&B formats through the early 1980s. In 1983, KDAY became the first station in Los Angeles to play hip hop music; as a result, KDAY became the most popular station among black listeners in the area.

KDAY went through multiple ownership and format changes in the 1990s, beginning with a purchase by Fred Sands in 1990. A year later, KDAY changed its call sign to KBLA and its format to business news. The business format lasted just one year, as KBLA changed to a Korean format afterwards. Keymarket Communications purchased KBLA in 1993; subsequent mergers of its parent company landed KBLA under the ownership of River City Broadcasting in 1995 and Sinclair Broadcast Group in 1996. KBLA was sold in 1998 to Radio Unica, which added KBLA to its national Spanish radio network. Multicultural Broadcasting bought KBLA in 2003 and converted KBLA to a Spanish Christian format. Tavis Smiley bought KBLA in 2020 and launched a progressive talk format on the station.

History

[edit]

For information on KBLA, a Los Angeles area radio station that broadcast at 1500 kHz from 1952 to 1967, see article on KROQ (1500 AM).

As KOWL (1947–1956)

[edit]

Originally, the station at 1580 kHz made its first broadcast July 30, 1947 as KOWL, a 5,000-watt, daytime-only station licensed to Santa Monica. It was owned and operated by Arthur H. Croghan, formerly commercial manager for WJBK in Detroit.[2] The opening day celebration for KOWL on August 10 included such notable figures as Los Angeles Mayor Fletcher Bowron, Santa Monica Mayor Mark T. Gates, country singer Gene Autry, and actress Marilyn Monroe.[3] However, KOWL broadcast for only six and a half hours that day due to technicians walking out of the job due to a dispute over unionization.[4]

KOWL's studios were located at the Ambassador Hotel in Santa Monica.[2] It had a middle of the road music format.[3] Croghan excluded what he called "commercial religion, disc jockeys, murder mysteries, double spotting, over-commercialism, and...talk exceeding five minutes except in rare instances."[2] In 1948, Autry became a minority owner of KOWL, and the station began orienting its music and programming towards black listeners.[5] Autry sold back his stake in KOWL to Croghan for $80,000 in October 1949.[6]

As KDAY (1956–1991)

[edit]

Early history (1956–1966)

[edit]

On May 1, 1956, KOWL changed its call sign to KDAY, a nod to its daytime-only broadcast hours.[7][8][9] KDAY changed its format to mainstream pop music, as shown by surveys from the time.[10]

In January 1957, Radio California purchased KDAY and Corona TV station KCOA for $650,000.[11] KDAY's studios and business offices moved from Santa Monica to Hollywood in April 1957.[12] KDAY began carrying newscasts from the Los Angeles Herald-Express newsroom in July 1957.[13]

From 1958 to 1961, Earl McDaniel was a DJ at KDAY.[14] where he was soon joined by Art Laboe. Alan Freed worked for KDAY for about a year beginning in 1960 after losing his job at WABC in New York City over the payola scandal.[15][16]

In April 1962, Rollins Broadcasting (later Continental Broadcasting of California) purchased KDAY for $850,000 in addition to a $150,000 non-compete clause.[17][18] Rollins changed the music format to R&B.[10]

Adult standards, top 40, and return to R&B (1966–1983)

[edit]

Beginning July 22, 1966, KDAY changed its format to adult standards where DJs played songs by telephone requests; Mexican station XERB in Tijuana picked up KDAY's old R&B format around a week later.[19][20]

In the late 1960s, KDAY received approval from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to operate at night. The studio and transmitter site were moved to a new facility on North Alvarado Street north of downtown Los Angeles. In early 1969, KDAY changed to top 40 and became a member of the ABC Radio Network,[17] then to album-oriented rock (AOR) in 1971. During the Top 40 and AOR eras, the station was programmed by Bob Wilson, who would later launch the media magazine Radio & Records. KDAY reverted to soul/R&B in January 1974.

In 1978, KDAY had the highest ratings among the four black radio stations in Los Angeles, ahead of KACE, KJLH, and KKTT. For a Billboard profile that year, KDAY program director J.J. Johnson said the station had an "uptempo approach" to music; the station's slogan at the time was "We got the funk!"[21]

Addition of hip hop (1983–1991)

[edit]
See also: KDAY
Former KDAY radio personality Greg Mack (far left) and "mixmaster" DJ Julio G (center) at the KDAY AM 1580 20th anniversary in 2003.

Facing tougher competition from FM stations like KJLH, KDAY became the first Los Angeles radio station to play hip hop music in 1983. Under new program director and disc jockey Gregory "Greg The Mack Attack" MacMillan, hired from KMJQ in Houston, added hip hop to the station's playlist to appeal to mostly young Black and Latino listeners. DJ Dr. Dre and DJ Yella Boy became the first mixer DJs at the station.[22] By September 1983, KDAY upgraded its sound to AM stereo.[23] Dan Charnas described that move as "laughable" and "sounding like two tiny AM radios playing side by side."[24]

Some of Def Jam most iconic and legendary acts such as Run-D.M.C., Beastie Boys, Whodini, The Fat Boys, E.P.M.D., 3rd Bass, and Public Enemy have dominated the hip hop scene, KDAY brought their music to a new audience on the West Coast. In 1987, Compton-based gangsta rap group N.W.A made its radio debut on KDAY. In the first ratings period under MacMillan's leadership, KDAY's ratings beat another Los Angeles black AM station, KGFJ, and "began to enjoy a second life as the only rap-friendly station in town and, frankly, in the entire country."[25]

KDAY raised awareness about the growing problem of gang violence in Los Angeles. Lee Marshall, known on-air as "King News", gave news and commentaries relevant to the African-American and Hispanic communities, often warning about the troubles caused by gangs.[26] After violence in the stands forced the cancellation of a Run-DMC concert at the Long Beach Arena for the group's Raising Hell tour,[27] KDAY organized a "Day of Peace" on October 9, 1986.[28] In a two-hour special, KDAY featured Run-DMC, singer Barry White, and boxer Paul Gonzales appealing to rival gangs to stop feuding and opened phone lines for callers to describe gangs' impact in their communities.[29] There were no murders or incidents of gang violence that day. Within two weeks, the Bloods and Crips, the two largest gangs in Los Angeles, signed a peace treaty.[28]

In 1990, MacMillan left KDAY to work for FM rival KJLH. That same year, realtor Fred Sands, who also owned iconic heavy metal station KNAC, bought KDAY for $7.2 million.[24][30][31] On March 28, 1991, at 1 p.m., after playing “Turn Off the Lights” by Teddy Pendergrass, KDAY ended its music format, and went silent for nearly three weeks.[32][26]

As a tribute to the original AM station, Redondo Beach FM station KZAB changed its call sign to KDAY and format to classic hip hop in September 2004 in a simulcast with KDAI in Riverside.[33]

KBLA (1991–present)

[edit]

KDAY became KBLA on April 5, 1991, with the station signing back on the air with a flip to a business news format branded "Business News L.A." on April 17.[9][34][35] Among its new programming was Cynic's Choice, a British comedy revue hosted by Brian Clewer that moved to KBLA in August 1991.[36]

The business format lasted just one year; KBLA changed to a Korean format branded "Radio Korea" in January 1992.[37] KBLA also broadcast seven Los Angeles Dodgers games a year in Korean; when Chan Ho Park joined the team in 1994, KBLA began broadcasting games where he pitched.[38] KBLA expanded its Dodgers coverage to 60 games in 1998.[39]

Nearly a year after the 1992 riots on May 1, 1993, KBLA and KJLH broadcast Bridging the Gap, a special joint call-in program aiming to improve relations between the black and Korean communities.[40]

Also in 1993, Keymarket Communications purchased KBLA and KNAC from Sands for $12.1 million.[41]

By 1995, KBLA broadcast two hours of English talk and music programs nightly to appeal to Korean Americans who do not speak Korean.[42] Also in 1995, River City Broadcasting purchased Keymarket Communications and its radio stations including KBLA for over $130 million total.[43] Sinclair Broadcast Group owned KBLA beginning in 1996 when River City merged with Sinclair.[44]

KBLA reporter Richard Choi was convicted of slander and fined US$1,800 by a South Korean court in February 1998 after reporting on alleged economic troubles of The Korea Times, which owned a competing Korean station in Los Angeles.[45]

In May 1998, Radio Unica purchased KBLA for $21 million and added the station to its national Spanish network of the same name.[46]

In 2003, Multicultural Broadcasting purchased KBLA and 14 other stations for a total $150 million.[47] Among its new programs were Todo para la Mujer, a Mexican radio program hosted by Maxine Woodside.[48]

On March 31, 2004, KBLA became the original West Coast affiliate of Air America Radio, airing talk shows hosted by Al Franken, Randi Rhodes, and Janeane Garofalo among others. On April 14, the shows were no longer available due to a payment dispute between Air America and Multicultural Broadcasting.[49][48] KTLK became the Air America affiliate for Los Angeles in 2005.

Branded "Radio Zion" with offices in Downey, KBLA changed to a Spanish Christian format on September 16, 2004.[50] Radio Zion moved to XESURF-AM in Tijuana in September 2009.[51][52] The Spanish Christian format continued through 2020 under other brands, most recently "Radio Esperanza".[53]

In November 2020, Tavis Smiley, former talk show host on BET and PBS, purchased KBLA for $7.15 million.[54][55] Although the license assignment was not yet complete, the station began broadcasting on June 19, 2021. A three-hour program introduced the talk show hosts and repeated until 6 AM June 21, 2021, at which time KBLA began live programming.[56] Elston Howard Butler, former manager of Los Angeles urban contemporary FM station KJLH, is KBLA's president and general manager.[57]

Operations

[edit]

KBLA broadcasts with a power of 50,000 watts day and night, using a complex directional antenna utilizing 6 towers. The transmitter is off North Alvarado Street, near Glendale Boulevard, in Los Angeles.[58] Because 1580 AM is a Canadian clear channel frequency, KBLA's signal is directional at night.

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ "Facility Technical Data for KBLA". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
  2. ^ a b c "KOWL Goes on Air, Is Owned by Croghan" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 33, no. 6. August 11, 1947. p. 32. Retrieved October 5, 2014 – via World Radio History.
  3. ^ a b "Sweetest STORY ever told! [advertisement]" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 33, no. 10. September 8, 1947. p. 27. Retrieved May 3, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  4. ^ "Technicians' walkout mars KOWL's opening" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 33, no. 7. August 18, 1948. p. 82. Retrieved May 3, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  5. ^ "KOWL" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. August 16, 1948. p. 20. Retrieved May 3, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  6. ^ "NBC Buys KMPC; New Group Seeks WHAS" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 37, no. 16. October 17, 1949. p. 4. Retrieved May 3, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  7. ^ Wagoner, Richard (February 23, 2016). "The secret meaning behind call letters of Los Angeles radio stations". Los Angeles Daily News. Los Angeles News Group. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  8. ^ "Directory of AM and FM Stations and Market Data for the United States" (PDF). Broadcasting Yearbook. Broadcasting Publications Inc. 1957. p. 68. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  9. ^ a b "KBLA". FCCData.org. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  10. ^ a b "KDAY 1580 AM". Las Solanas Consulting. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  11. ^ "Applications" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 52, no. 1. January 7, 1957. p. 116. Retrieved May 3, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  12. ^ "KDAY in Hollywood Quarters" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 52, no. 15. April 15, 1957. p. 74. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  13. ^ "KDAY Airs Six Newscasts Hourly From 'Los Angeles Herald Express'" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. Vol. 53, no. 4. July 22, 1957. p. 116. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  14. ^ "Influential Hawaii radio broadcaster dies at 85". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. March 27, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  15. ^ "Payola dragnet yields eight" (PDF). Broadcasting. Vol. 58, no. 21. May 23, 1960. p. 80. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  16. ^ Waggoner, Richard (December 23, 2019). "Radio: How a disgraced DJ made his way to KDAY". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on March 20, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  17. ^ a b "Directory of AM and FM Radio Stations in the U.S." (PDF). 1971 Broadcasting Yearbook. Broadcasting Publications Inc. 1971. p. B-29.
  18. ^ "Changing hands" (PDF). Broadcasting-Telecasting. April 30, 1962. p. 60.
  19. ^ "Formats swapped by West Coast stations" (PDF). Broadcasting. Vol. 71, no. 4. July 25, 1966. p. 45. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  20. ^ Tiegel, Eliot (August 27, 1966). "You-Asked-for-It Radio Blankets Program Scene in Los Angeles". Billboard. Vol. 78, no. 35. p. 24. Retrieved May 4, 2021 – via Google Books.
  21. ^ Williams, Jean (February 18, 1978). "4 L.A. Black Stations Cite Music Over DJ". Billboard. Vol. 90, no. 7. pp. 28, 69. Retrieved May 4, 2021 – via Google Books.
  22. ^ Charnas 2010, pp. 214–216
  23. ^ "KDAY 1580 Los Angeles Survey 09/12/83".
  24. ^ a b Charnas 2010, pp. 293–294
  25. ^ Charnas 2010, p. 217
  26. ^ a b Rosen, Craig; McAdams, Janine (April 13, 1991). "Rap Music Has The Blues As KDAY L.A. Calls It Quits" (PDF). Billboard. pp. 1, 13. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  27. ^ Ramos, George (August 19, 1986). "'Rap' Musicians' Concert Is Canceled at Palladium After Long Beach Fights". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 26, 2015. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  28. ^ a b Charnas 2010, p. 218
  29. ^ Boyer, Edward J. (October 10, 1986). "Celebrities Use Airwaves to Take On Street Violence". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  30. ^ Claudia, Puig; Hochman, Steve (February 27, 1991). "KDAY Says R.I.P. to Rap Format". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  31. ^ "Changing hands" (PDF). Broadcasting. Vol. 118, no. 16. April 16, 1990. p. 70. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  32. ^ Charnas 2010, p. 294
  33. ^ "Styles Switches KZAB In L.A. To Hip-Hop 'K-Day'" (PDF). Radio & Records. September 24, 2004. pp. 3, 10.
  34. ^ Puig, Claudia (April 17, 1991). "Business Radio KBLA Will Debut Today". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  35. ^ "Format Changes" (PDF). Vol. 8, No. 9. The M Street Journal. March 4, 1991 – via WorldRadioHistory.
  36. ^ "RADIO - Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. August 2, 1991.
  37. ^ Lippman, John (January 29, 1992). "Radio Korea to Replace KBLA's Business Format". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  38. ^ Doherty, Jake; Waters, Sean (April 3, 1994). "Dodgers to Debut With 'Chan Ho-Mania'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  39. ^ "KLAX's Mission Statement - Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times. April 2, 1998.
  40. ^ Doherty, Jake (May 9, 1993). "Blacks, Koreans Try On-Air Dialogue". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  41. ^ https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Annuals/Archive-BC-YB-IDX/90s-OCR-YB/1994-YB/1994-BC-YB-OCR-Page-0117.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  42. ^ Hong, Peter Y. (March 19, 1995). "Radio Korea Boosts English Programming". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  43. ^ https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Broadcasting-IDX/1995-Broadcasting/1995-04-03-Broadcasting-Page-0075.pdf [dead link‍]
  44. ^ https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1996/BC-1996-04-15.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  45. ^ Gold, Matea (February 18, 1998). "L.A. Reporter Convicted of Slander in S. Korea". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  46. ^ Baxter, Kevin (May 22, 1998). "Radio Unica to Buy Los Angeles' KBLA-AM". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  47. ^ "Changing hands". Broadcasting & Cable. October 20, 2003. Archived from the original on November 17, 2006. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  48. ^ a b Carney, Steve (April 15, 2004). "Radio Station Owner Silences Air America in L.A., Chicago". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 16, 2004. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  49. ^ McClintock, Pamela (April 14, 2004). "Air America off air in L.A.-Chi dispute". Variety. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  50. ^ "::::....:.RADIO ZION 1580 AM.:...::::: Portadora de Buenas Nuevas". radiozion.net. Archived from the original on June 17, 2006. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  51. ^ "::::....:.RADIO ZION 540 AM.:...::::: Portadora de Buenas Nuevas". www.radiozion.net. Archived from the original on December 9, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  52. ^ Dotinga, Randy (September 23, 2009). "STATIC: When live radio goes rogue". North County Times. Archived from the original on November 7, 2009. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  53. ^ "Tavis Smiley Buys KBLA/Los Angeles". All Access. November 19, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
  54. ^ Jacobson, Adam. "'Unapologetically Progressive' L.A. Talker Coming, Thanks to Tavis Smiley", Radio & Television Business Report. November 19, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  55. ^ Venta, Lance (November 19, 2020). "Tavis Smiley Acquires KBLA Los Angeles". RadioInsight. RadioBB Networks.
  56. ^ "Rising up on Juneteenth!".
  57. ^ https://www.talkers.com June 11, 2021
  58. ^ Radio-Locator.com/KBLA

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KBLA&oldid=1236355924"