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[[File:David - The Death of Socrates.jpg|right|thumb|right|upright=1.35|Drinking the [[Conium|hemlock]] in ''[[The Death of Socrates]]'', by [[Jacques-Louis David]] (1787).]]
[[File:David - The Death of Socrates.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.35|Drinking the [[Conium|hemlock]] in ''[[The Death of Socrates]]'', by [[Jacques-Louis David]] (1787).]]
The '''warning signs of suicide''' have been noted by groups which have analyzed or studied cases to determine predictors of [[suicidal]] actions. Those warning signs include both actions and spoken words of hopelessness, intense anger, or unexplained late happiness, which can reveal an ominous pattern. However, some signs might seem too subtle to an untrained observer who has only limited contact with the person, such as changes in clothing or withdrawing from friends or prior interests.
The '''warning signs of suicide''' have been noted by groups which have analyzed or studied cases to determine predictors of [[suicidal]] actions.


==Factors associated with suicide==
⚫
There are several unusual or related actions which have been associated as predictors of suicidal feelings, including:<ref name=UMD/>
Certain factors are known to be associated with increased risk of suicide, which may fall into one of three categories – individual, socio-cultural and situational.<ref>[https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/a-to-z/s/suicide Suicide], Mental Health Foundation</ref>


⚫
There are several unusual or related actions which have been associated as predictors of suicidal feelings, including (but not limited to):<ref name=UMD/>
⚫
:* previous suicide attempts (biggest risk factor, 80% tried it before);<ref name=SCC/>

:* mentioning suicide plans; in the majority of cases, people have voiced their intent before killing themselves;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
⚫
* previous suicide attempts (biggest risk factor, 80% tried it before);<ref name=SCC/>
:* acquiring the means, such as a [[firearm]] (gun), rope, poison or stockpiling pills;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* preoccupation with death in conversations;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* mentioning suicide plans; in the majority of cases, people have voiced their intent before killing themselves;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* giving away valuable items or favorite prized possessions on impulse;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* acquiring the means, such as a [[firearm]] (gun), rope, poison or stockpiling pills;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* recent neglect of their appearance and [[hygiene]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/>
* preoccupation with death in conversations;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* giving away valuable items or favorite prized possessions on impulse;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
⚫
:* cleaning and tidying a room far more than usual;
:* morosely sad, depressed, hopeless or lacking energy;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* recent neglect of their appearance and [[hygiene]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/>
⚫
* cleaning and tidying a room far more than usual;
:* rage, uncontrolled anger, or seeking revenge;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=MC/>
:* increased use of alcohol or [[drug abuse]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* morosely sad, depressed, hopeless or lacking energy;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* too much sleep<ref name=SCC/> or too little; [[insomnia]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=MC/>
* rage, uncontrolled anger, or seeking revenge;<ref name=UMD/><ref name=MC/>
:* sudden lift in spirits or happiness, after long sadness, for the end is near;<ref name=UMD/>
* increased use of alcohol or [[drug abuse]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* withdrawing from friends, family and prior interests;<ref name=SCC/>
* too much sleep<ref name=SCC/> or too little; [[insomnia]];<ref name=UMD/><ref name=MC/>
* difficulty with eating;<ref name="APA">{{cite web |url= https://www.apa.org/topics/suicide/signs |title=Suicide warning signs: Learn how to recognize risk factors |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=February 13, 2024 |website=apa.org |publisher=[[American Psychological Association]] |access-date=August 11, 2024 |quote=}}</ref>
:* dramatic change in dress or personal activities;<ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* rewriting a [[will (legal)]], or farewell letters, or visiting to say goodbye;<ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
* sudden lift in spirits or happiness, after long sadness, for the end is near;<ref name=UMD/>
* withdrawing from friends, family and prior interests;<ref name=SCC/>
⚫
:* apologizing to others for various past actions;
:* taking deadly risks such as driving extremely fast or running redlights;<ref name=SCC/>
* dramatic change in dress or personal activities;<ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
:* [[absenteeism]] or poorer performance at work or school.<ref name=SCC/>
* rewriting a [[will (legal)|will]], or farewell letters, or visiting to say goodbye;<ref name=SCC/><ref name=MC/>
⚫
* apologizing to others for various past actions;
⚫
Although not every case has shown those warning signs, a large percentage of cases have included some of them.<ref name=HG/> For more information, see main article: [[Suicide]], or follow links in the navbox below.
* taking deadly risks such as driving extremely fast or running [[Red light (traffic light)|red lights]];<ref name=SCC/>
* [[absenteeism]] or poorer performance at work or school.<ref name=SCC/>
* actions or words of hopelessness, intense anger, or unexplained happiness;<ref name=SCC/><ref>[https://www.rd.com/advice/suicide-warning-signs/ 13 Suicide Warning Signs That Are Easy to Miss]</ref>

⚫
Although not every case has shown those warning signs, a large percentage of cases have included some of them.<ref name=HG/>

===Observing factors associated with suicide===
Suicide warning signs include both actions and spoken words of hopelessness, intense anger, or unexplained late happiness, which can reveal an ominous pattern.

However, some signs might seem too subtle to an untrained observer who has only limited contact with the person, such as changes in clothing or withdrawing from friends or prior interests.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 30: Line 41:
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="UMD">
<ref name="UMD">
[http://www.health.umd.edu/node/791 "Warning Signs of Suicide"],
[https://web.archive.org/web/20171023072630/http://www.health.umd.edu/node/791 "Warning Signs of Suicide"],
[[University of Maryland]], University Health Center,
[[University of Maryland]], University Health Center,
College Park, MD (USA), 2009.
College Park, MD (USA), 2009.
</ref>
</ref>
<ref name="SCC">
<ref name="SCC">
[http://www.sccenter.org/signs.html "Warning signs of suicide"]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20150416043554/http://www.sccenter.org/signs.html "Warning signs of suicide"]
Suicide and Crisis Center of North Texas, SCCenter.org, 2010.
Suicide and Crisis Center of North Texas, SCCenter.org, 2010.
</ref>
</ref>
Line 51: Line 62:
{{Suicide navbox}}
{{Suicide navbox}}


[[Category:Suicide prevention|Warning Signs Of Suicide]]
[[Category:Suicide prevention]]

Latest revision as of 09:30, 11 August 2024

Drinking the hemlock in The Death of Socrates, by Jacques-Louis David (1787).

The warning signs of suicide have been noted by groups which have analyzed or studied cases to determine predictors of suicidal actions.

Factors associated with suicide

[edit]

Certain factors are known to be associated with increased risk of suicide, which may fall into one of three categories – individual, socio-cultural and situational.[1]

There are several unusual or related actions which have been associated as predictors of suicidal feelings, including (but not limited to):[2]

  • previous suicide attempts (biggest risk factor, 80% tried it before);[3]
  • mentioning suicide plans; in the majority of cases, people have voiced their intent before killing themselves;[2][3][4]
  • acquiring the means, such as a firearm (gun), rope, poison or stockpiling pills;[2][3][4]
  • preoccupation with death in conversations;[2][3][4]
  • giving away valuable items or favorite prized possessions on impulse;[2][3][4]
  • recent neglect of their appearance and hygiene;[2][3]
  • cleaning and tidying a room far more than usual;
  • morosely sad, depressed, hopeless or lacking energy;[2][3][4]
  • rage, uncontrolled anger, or seeking revenge;[2][4]
  • increased use of alcohol or drug abuse;[2][3][4]
  • too much sleep[3] or too little; insomnia;[2][4]
  • difficulty with eating;[5]
  • sudden lift in spirits or happiness, after long sadness, for the end is near;[2]
  • withdrawing from friends, family and prior interests;[3]
  • dramatic change in dress or personal activities;[3][4]
  • rewriting a will, or farewell letters, or visiting to say goodbye;[3][4]
  • apologizing to others for various past actions;
  • taking deadly risks such as driving extremely fast or running red lights;[3]
  • absenteeism or poorer performance at work or school.[3]
  • actions or words of hopelessness, intense anger, or unexplained happiness;[3][6]

Although not every case has shown those warning signs, a large percentage of cases have included some of them.[7]

Observing factors associated with suicide

[edit]

Suicide warning signs include both actions and spoken words of hopelessness, intense anger, or unexplained late happiness, which can reveal an ominous pattern.

However, some signs might seem too subtle to an untrained observer who has only limited contact with the person, such as changes in clothing or withdrawing from friends or prior interests.[citation needed]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Suicide, Mental Health Foundation
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Warning Signs of Suicide", University of Maryland, University Health Center, College Park, MD (USA), 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Warning signs of suicide" Suicide and Crisis Center of North Texas, SCCenter.org, 2010.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Suicide: What to do when someone is suicidal", MayoClinic.com, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, Minnesota, 2013.
  5. ^ "Suicide warning signs: Learn how to recognize risk factors". apa.org. American Psychological Association. February 13, 2024. Retrieved August 11, 2024.
  6. ^ 13 Suicide Warning Signs That Are Easy to Miss
  7. ^ "The 10 Warning Signs of Suicide", HealthGuidance.org, 2013.
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