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{{More citations needed|date=April 2024}}{{Short description|President of Turkey from 1966 to 1973}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Refimprove|date=April 2014}}

{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Cevdet Sunay
| name = Cevdet Sunay
| nationality = Turkish
| nationality = Turkish
| image = Turkse chef Generale staf (Generaal Sunay), Bestanddeelnr 916-7534.jpg
| image = Turkse chef Generale staf (Generaal Sunay),, Bestanddeelnr 916-7535 (cropped).jpg
| image_size = 225px
| image_size =
| order = 5th
| order =
| office = President of Turkey
| office = 5th [[President of Turkey]]
| term_start = 28 March 1966
| term_start = 28 March 1966
| term_end = 28 March 1973
| term_end = 28 March 1973
| primeminister = [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br/>[[Nihat Erim]]<br/>[[Ferit Melen]]
| primeminister = [[Süleyman Demirel]]<br />[[Nihat Erim]]<br />[[Ferit Melen]]
| predecessor = [[Cemal Gürsel]]
| predecessor = [[Cemal Gürsel]]
| successor = [[Fahri Korutürk]]
| successor = [[Fahri Korutürk]]
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| term_start3 = 3 June 1960
| term_start3 = 3 June 1960
| term_end3 = 2 August 1960
| term_end3 = 2 August 1960
| predecessor3 = [[Cemal Gürsel]]
| predecessor3 = Cemal Gürsel
| successor3 = Mehmet Muzaffer Alankuş
| successor3 = Mehmet Muzaffer Alankuş
| birth_date = 10 February 1899
| birth_date = 10 February 1899
Line 31: Line 30:
| party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| spouse = [[Atıfet Sunay]]
| spouse = [[Atıfet Sunay]]
| children = 3
| children = Atilla Sunay<br/>Aysel Sunay<br/>Argun Sunay
| signature = Cevdet Sunay imza.png
| signature = Cevdet Sunay imza.png
| allegiance = {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}<br/>{{flag|Turkey}}
| allegiance = {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}<br />{{flag|Turkey}}
| branch = {{army|Ottoman Empire}}<br/>{{army|Turkey}}
| branch = {{army|Ottoman Empire}}<br />{{army|Turkey}}
| battles = [[World War I]]
| battles = [[World War I]]
*[[Sinai and Palestine Campaign|Palestine Front]]
*[[Sinai and Palestine Campaign|Palestine Front]]
[[Turkish War of Independence]]
[[Turkish War of Independence]]
| rank = [[Four-star general|General]]
| rank = [[Four-star general|General]]
| caption = Sunay in 1964
}}
}}


'''Cevdet Sunay''' ({{IPA-tr|ˈdʒevdet ˈsunaj|lang}}; 10 February 1899 &ndash; 22 May 1982)<!--full dates in infobox, per MOS--> was a [[Turkish people|Turkish]] politician and [[army]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]], who served as the fifth [[President of Turkey]] from 1966 to 1973.
'''Ahmet Cevdet Sunay''' ({{IPA|tr|ˈdʒevdet ˈsunaj|lang}}; 10 February 1899 &ndash; 22 May 1982)<!--full dates in infobox, per MOS--> was a [[Turkish people|Turkish]] politician and [[army]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]], who served as the fifth [[President of Turkey]] from 1966 to 1973.


== Early life and career ==
== Early life and career ==
Sunay was born in 1899 in [[Trabzon]], in the [[Ottoman Empire]]. After attending elementary school and middle school in [[Erzurum]] and [[Edirne]], he graduated from [[Kuleli Military High School]] in [[Istanbul]]. During [[World War I]], he fought in 1917 at the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign|Palestine front]] and became a [[prisoner of war]] of the [[United Kingdom|British]] in [[Egypt]] in 1918. After his release, he fought first on the southern front, then on the western front during the [[Turkish War of Independence]].
Sunay was born in 1899 in the village of Ataköy near [[Çaykara]] in [[Trabzon Vilayet]], [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2022 |title=Cevdet Sunay Müzesi - Trabzon |url=https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/trabzon/gezilecekyer/cevdet-sunay-muzesi|website=Türkiye Kültür Portalı}}</ref> After attending elementary school and middle school in [[Erzurum]] and [[Edirne]], he graduated from [[Kuleli Military High School]] in [[Istanbul]]. During [[World War I]], he fought in 1917 at the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign|Palestine front]] and became a [[prisoner of war]] of the [[United Kingdom|British]] in [[Egypt]] in 1918. After his release, he fought first on the southern front, then on the western front during the [[Turkish War of Independence]].


Sunay completed his military education in 1927, and graduated from the [[Army War College (Turkey)|staff college]] in 1930 as a staff officer. Rising through the ranks to become a general in 1949 and then a [[four-star general]] in 1959, he held important military posts. In 1960, he was appointed army chief and later joint chief of staff. <!-- Unsourced image removed: [[File:CemalGursel_CevdetSunay.jpg|thumb|left|Gürsel and Cevdet Sunay]] -->On 14 March 1966, he was appointed to the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|senate]] by [[Cemal Gürsel]] under his presidential contingency.
Sunay completed his military education in 1927, and graduated from the [[Army War College (Turkey)|staff college]] in 1930 as a staff officer. Rising through the ranks to become a general in 1949 and then a [[four-star general]] in 1959, he held important military posts. In 1960, he was appointed army chief and later joint chief of staff. On 14 March 1966, he was appointed to the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|senate]] by [[Cemal Gürsel]] under his presidential contingency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUNAY, Cevdet - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/sunay-cevdet |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi |language=tr}}</ref>


When Gürsel's presidency was terminated due to ill health in accordance with the constitution, Cevdet Sunay was elected 5th president by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] on 28 March 1966. He maintained his office despite increasing [[terrorism|terrorist activity]], student riots, and threatened coups. He served the constitutional term of seven years until 28 March 1973 and became then a permanent senator.
When Gürsel's presidency was terminated due to ill health in accordance with the constitution, Cevdet Sunay was elected 5th president by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] on 28 March 1966. He maintained his office despite increasing [[terrorism|terrorist activity]], student riots, and threatened coups. He served the constitutional term of seven years until 28 March 1973 and became then a permanent senator.


He was married to [[Atıfet Sunay|Atıfet]] in 1929.<ref name="h1"/> They had three children.<ref name="r1"/>
He was married to [[Atıfet Sunay|Atıfet]] in 1929.<ref name="h1"/> They had three sons, Atilla, Aysel and Argun Sunay.<ref name="r1"/>


== Presidency ==
== Presidency ==
Cevdet Sunay was elected as the fifth president by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] on 28 March 1966. His presidential service continued until 28 March 1973 he had to go through some tough times. During 1961 and 1965 [[Süleyman Demirel]], [[Nihat Erim]] and [[Ferit Melen]] where the most prominent members in Sunay’s administration. Cevdet Sunay resigned as president due to deteriorating health conditions.
Chief of the General Staff Cevdet Sunay was elected as the fifth president of the Turkish Republic by the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] on 28 March 1966.<ref>{{Cite web |title=O gün bugün {{!}} 5. Cumhurbaşkanı Cevdet Sunay oldu |url=https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/o-gun-bugun-5-cumhurbaskani-cevdet-sunay-oldu-6175740 |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=Milliyet |date=28 March 2020 |language=tr}}</ref> His presidential service continued until 28 March 1973 where he had to go through troubled times. Between 1961 and 1965 [[Süleyman Demirel]], [[Nihat Erim]] and [[Ferit Melen]] were the most prominent members in President Sunay’s administration. Cevdet Sunay resigned as president due to deteriorating health conditions.


== Death ==
== Death ==
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== Honours ==
== Honours ==
;National honours
;National honours
* {{Flagicon|Turkey}} : Recipient of the Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon.
* {{Flagicon|Turkey}} Recipient of the Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon.
;Foreign honours
;Foreign honours
* {{Flagicon|Iran|1964}} [[Pahlavi dynasty|Empire of Iran]] : Commemorative Medal of the [[2,500 year celebration of the Persian Empire|2500th Anniversary of the founding of the Persian Empire]] (14/10/1971).<ref>[http://badraie.com/guests.htm Badraie] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305043732/http://badraie.com/guests.htm |date=March 5, 2016 }}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Pahlavi Iran}} Commemorative Medal of the [[2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire|2500th Anniversary of the founding of the Persian Empire]] (14/10/1971).<ref>[http://badraie.com/guests.htm Badraie] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305043732/http://badraie.com/guests.htm |date=March 5, 2016 }}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Finland}} Grand Cross with Collar of the [[Order of the White Rose of Finland]] (1971)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ritarikunnat.fi/ritarikunnat/palkitut/suomen-valkoisen-ruusun-ritarikunnan-suurristin-ketjuineen-ulkomaalaiset-saajat/ | title=Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat - Ritarikunnat | date=9 October 2020 }}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|UK}} : Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Bath]] [KCB].
* {{Flagicon|UK}} Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Bath]] [KCB].

==See also==
*[[1962 attempted coup in Turkey]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="h1">{{cite news |url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/cankaya-nin-first-lady-leri-6334049 |newspaper=[[Hürriyet]] |title=Çankaya’nın First Lady’leri |date=15 April 2007 |language=tr |accessdate=16 February 2019 }}</ref>
<ref name="h1">{{cite news |url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/cankaya-nin-first-lady-leri-6334049 |newspaper=[[Hürriyet]] |title=Çankaya'nın First Lady'leri |date=15 April 2007 |language=tr |access-date=16 February 2019 }}</ref>
<ref name="r1">{{cite news |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/sunayin-esi-vefat-etti-648783/ |newspaper=[[Radikal]] |title=Sunay'ın eşi vefat etti |date=22 October 2002 |language=tr |accessdate=16 February 2019 }}</ref>
<ref name="r1">{{cite news |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/sunayin-esi-vefat-etti-648783/ |newspaper=[[Radikal]] |title=Sunay'ın eşi vefat etti |date=22 October 2002 |language=tr |access-date=16 February 2019 }}</ref>
}}
}}


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{{Presidents of Turkey}}
{{Presidents of Turkey}}
{{Chiefs of the General Staff of Turkey}}
{{Chiefs of the General Staff of Turkey}}
{{Commanders of the Turkish Land Forces}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1982 deaths]]
[[Category:1982 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:20th-century presidents of Turkey]]
[[Category:People from Çaykara]]
[[Category:People from Çaykara]]
[[Category:Kuleli Military High School alumni]]
[[Category:Kuleli Military High School alumni]]
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[[Category:Turkish Army generals]]
[[Category:Turkish Army generals]]
[[Category:Turkish Muslims]]
[[Category:Turkish Muslims]]
[[Category:Deputy Chiefs of the General Staff of Turkey]]
[[Category:Deputy chiefs of the Turkish General Staff]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Turkish Land Forces]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Turkish Land Forces]]
[[Category:Chiefs of General Staff of Turkey]]
[[Category:Chiefs of the Turkish General Staff]]
⚫
[[Category:Presidents of Turkey]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Burials at Turkish State Cemetery]]
[[Category:Burials at Turkish State Cemetery]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of the Republic (Turkey)]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of the Republic (Turkey)]]
[[Category:20th-century presidents in Asia]]

Latest revision as of 21:54, 25 August 2024

Cevdet Sunay
Sunay in 1964
5th President of Turkey
In office
28 March 1966 – 28 March 1973
Prime MinisterSüleyman Demirel
Nihat Erim
Ferit Melen
Preceded byCemal Gürsel
Succeeded byFahri Korutürk
Chief of the General Staff of Turkey
In office
4 August 1960 – 16 March 1966
Preceded byRagıp Gümüşpala
Succeeded byCemal Tural
Commander of the Turkish Army
In office
3 June 1960 – 2 August 1960
Preceded byCemal Gürsel
Succeeded byMehmet Muzaffer Alankuş
Personal details
Born10 February 1899
Çaykara, Trabzon Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died22 May 1982(1982-05-22) (aged 83)
Istanbul, Turkey
Resting placeTurkish State Cemetery
NationalityTurkish
Political partyIndependent
SpouseAtıfet Sunay
ChildrenAtilla Sunay
Aysel Sunay
Argun Sunay
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Ottoman Empire
 Turkey
Branch/service Ottoman Army
 Turkish Land Forces
RankGeneral
Battles/warsWorld War I Turkish War of Independence

Ahmet Cevdet Sunay (Turkish: [ˈdʒevdet ˈsunaj]; 10 February 1899 – 22 May 1982) was a Turkish politician and army officer, who served as the fifth President of Turkey from 1966 to 1973.

Early life and career

[edit]

Sunay was born in 1899 in the village of Ataköy near Çaykara in Trabzon Vilayet, Ottoman Empire.[1] After attending elementary school and middle school in Erzurum and Edirne, he graduated from Kuleli Military High School in Istanbul. During World War I, he fought in 1917 at the Palestine front and became a prisoner of war of the British in Egypt in 1918. After his release, he fought first on the southern front, then on the western front during the Turkish War of Independence.

Sunay completed his military education in 1927, and graduated from the staff college in 1930 as a staff officer. Rising through the ranks to become a general in 1949 and then a four-star general in 1959, he held important military posts. In 1960, he was appointed army chief and later joint chief of staff. On 14 March 1966, he was appointed to the senate by Cemal Gürsel under his presidential contingency.[2]

When Gürsel's presidency was terminated due to ill health in accordance with the constitution, Cevdet Sunay was elected 5th president by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 28 March 1966. He maintained his office despite increasing terrorist activity, student riots, and threatened coups. He served the constitutional term of seven years until 28 March 1973 and became then a permanent senator.

He was married to Atıfet in 1929.[3] They had three sons, Atilla, Aysel and Argun Sunay.[4]

Presidency

[edit]

Chief of the General Staff Cevdet Sunay was elected as the fifth president of the Turkish Republic by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 28 March 1966.[5] His presidential service continued until 28 March 1973 where he had to go through troubled times. Between 1961 and 1965 Süleyman Demirel, Nihat Erim and Ferit Melen were the most prominent members in President Sunay’s administration. Cevdet Sunay resigned as president due to deteriorating health conditions.

Death

[edit]

Cevdet Sunay died of a heart attack on 22 May 1982 in Istanbul. His body was moved in August 1988 to a permanent burial place in the newly built Turkish State Cemetery in Ankara.

Honours

[edit]
National honours
  • Turkey Recipient of the Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon.
Foreign honours

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cevdet Sunay Müzesi - Trabzon". Türkiye Kültür Portalı. 30 December 2022.
  2. ^ "SUNAY, Cevdet - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi". TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  3. ^ "Çankaya'nın First Lady'leri". Hürriyet (in Turkish). 15 April 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
  4. ^ "Sunay'ın eşi vefat etti". Radikal (in Turkish). 22 October 2002. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
  5. ^ "O gün bugün | 5. Cumhurbaşkanı Cevdet Sunay oldu". Milliyet (in Turkish). 28 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  6. ^ Badraie Archived March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat - Ritarikunnat". 9 October 2020.
[edit]
Military offices
Preceded by Commander of the Turkish Army
1960 		Succeeded by
Mehmet Muzaffer Alankuş
Preceded by Chief of the General Staff of Turkey
1960–1966 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by President of Turkey
1966–1973 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cevdet_Sunay&oldid=1242267594"